Raveniola caudata Zonstein, 2009

Zonstein, Sergei L., 2024, A revision of the spider genus Raveniola (Araneae, Nemesiidae). II. Species from Central Asia, European Journal of Taxonomy 967, pp. 1-185 : 11-13

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2024.967.2699
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C08B8027-50CC-417E-BCD4-5183B9FF6738
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14026326
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8B723-5520-FFB6-FDA2-E3A3FB80CFA5
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Raveniola caudata Zonstein, 2009
status

Treatment

Raveniola caudata Zonstein, 2009 View in CoL

Figs 1 View Figs 1–9 , 82 View Figs 82–90 , 136 View Figs 136–147 , 202 View Figs 202–210 , 256–257 View Figs 256–264 , 349 View Figs 349–363 , 379–380 View Figs 379–388 , 555 View Figs 555–564 , 619–621, 748–749

Raveniola caudata Zonstein, 2009: 368 View in CoL View Cited Treatment , figs 1, 3, 5–6, 8 (♂).

Raveniola caudata View in CoL – Mikhailov 2013: 12. — Zonstein et al. 2018: fig. 167 (♂).

Diagnosis

The species differs from Raveniola inopinata sp. nov. by having a considerably paler colour of ginger orange carapace and legs (which are dark sepia brown in the latter species; see Figs 1 and 2 View Figs 1–9 ). Raveniola caudata can be distinguished from R. redikorzevi by its almost indistinct dorsal abdominal pattern. Males of R. caudata differ from males of the two other species of the group in having shorter laterodistal hair tufts on tarsi I–IV ( Fig. 257 View Figs 256–264 cf. Figs 259 View Figs 256–264 , 324 View Figs 319–333 ) and by the shorter and less tapering proximal part of the embolus ( Figs 379–380 View Figs 379–388 cf. Figs 381–384 View Figs 379–388 ).

Material examined

Holotype

TAJIKISTAN • ♂; Panj Karatau Mts, western slope of Mt Astana , 2.8 km WSW of summit; 37°22.8′ N, 69°12.8′ E; 1020 m a.s.l.; 24 Apr. 1991; S.V. Ovchinnikov leg.; SMNH. GoogleMaps

Additional material (1 ♂, 1 juv.)

TAJIKISTAN • 1 juv.; Aruktau Mts, surroundings of Ganjina ; 37°58′ N, 68°34′ E; 700–800 m a.s.l.; 16 Apr. 1968; V.F. Bahvalov leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ (with both palps lost prior to collection); Vahsh Karatau Mts , 3 km NW of Mt Hojamaston; 38°01.4′ N, 68°56.8′ E; 940 m a.s.l.; 21 Apr. 1989; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps .

Description

Male (holotype)

HABITUS. See Fig. 1. View Figs 1–9

MEASUREMENTS. TBL 19.30, CL 7.13, CW 6.27, LL 0.57, LW 1.26, SL 3.52, SW 3.21.

COLOUR. Carapace, palps and legs ginger orange; eye tubercle with central and two symmetrical lateral brownish-black spots surrounding AME and lateral eyes respectively; chelicerae cherry red; sternum, labium and maxillae light yellowish orange; metatarsi and tarsi gradually lighten toward apices; entire abdomen light yellowish grey, dorsally with almost indistinct darker pattern represented by few very weakly developed pairs of posteriorly-inclined greyish fasciae; spinnerets uniformly light yellowish grey.

CEPHALOTHORAX. Carapace and chelicerae as shown in Fig. 82 View Figs 82–90 . Clypeus and eye group as in Fig. 136 View Figs 136–147 . Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.16(0.22), ALE 0.28, PLE 0.16, PME 0.12; AME–AME 0.16(0.10), ALE–AME 0.07(0.04), ALE–PLE 0.06, PLE–PME 0.04, PME–PME 0.43. Each cheliceral furrow with 10 promarginal teeth and 5 mesobasal denticles. MIT indiscernible. Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in Fig. 202 View Figs 202–210 . Maxillae with 52–57 cuspules each.

LEGS. Tibia and metatarsus I as in Fig. 256 View Figs 256–264 . Trichobothria: 2 rows of 9–12 each on tibiae, 13–15 on metatarsi, 15–18 on tarsi, 9–10 on cymbium. Scopula: distal ⅓ on metatarsi I–II, entire on tarsi I–II, widely divided by setae on tarsus III, absent on tarsus IV. Tarsi I–IV apically with very moderately dense lateral tufts of relatively short setae ( Fig 257 View Figs 256–264 ). Paired claws on tarsi I–IV with 8–11 teeth on each margin.

	Femur	Patella	Tibia	Metatarsus	Tarsus	Total
Palp	4.23	2.27	3.46	–	1.35	11.31
Leg I	6.32	3.65	5.03	5.27	3.10	23.37
Leg II	6.22	3.23	4.98	5.02	3.03	22.48
Leg III	5.55	2.88	4.10	5.87	3.27	21.67
Leg IV	6.97	3.25	5.53	7.70	3.73	27.18

SPINATION. Palp: femur d4, pd3, rd2; patella p2; tibia d4, p3, r2, v4; cymbium d6(5). Leg I: femur d4, pd3, rd3; patella p2; tibia p3(1), pv2(1), r2+2M; metatarsus v1a. Leg II: femur d4, pd3; patella p2; tibia p3, v8(6); metatarsus p1; v6. Leg III: femur d4, pd3, rd3; patella p2, r1; tibia d2, p2, r2, v7(5); metatarsus d2, p3, r2, v10(9). Leg IV: femur d4, pd4(3), rd3; patella p2, r1; tibia d3(2), p3, r3(2), v7; metatarsus d3, p3, r3, v10(9). Tarsi I–IV aspinose.

PALP. Tibia, cymbium and copulatory bulb as shown in Fig. 349 View Figs 349–363 . Broadly tipped embolus with noticeably shortened basal part and with pronounced subapical keel ( Figs 379–380 View Figs 379–388 ).

SPINNERETS. See Fig. 555 View Figs 555–564 . PMS: length 0.75; diameter 0.28. PLS: maximal diameter 0.65; length of basal, medial and apical segments 1.22, 0.85, 1.23; total length 3.30; apical segment elongate.

Female

Unknown.

Ecology

The species inhabits open shrubland and low forest biotopes with co-dominating Pistacia vera L., Cercis griffithii Boiss. , Acer spp. and Prunus spp. (see Figs 619–620 View Figs 619–626 ). Males were found under rocks; the only juvenile specimen was found, according to the original label data, inside a gerbil’s burrow. The microbiotope situated directly in the type locality (shown in Fig. 621 View Figs 619–626 ) is a pile of stones in the foreground, from where the holotype was collected in 1991. The corresponding photograph was taken in 2015.

Distribution

South Tajikistan, as shown in Figs 748–749 View Figs 747–750 . In the original description, the distance between the ridge summit and the type locality was indicated incorrectly (see Zonstein 2009).