Raveniola kopetdaghensis ( Fet, 1984 )

Zonstein, Sergei L., 2024, A revision of the spider genus Raveniola (Araneae, Nemesiidae). II. Species from Central Asia, European Journal of Taxonomy 967, pp. 1-185 : 66-68

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2024.967.2699
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C08B8027-50CC-417E-BCD4-5183B9FF6738
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14034718
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8B723-556B-FFF9-FDD8-E2EEFBC7C8F1
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Raveniola kopetdaghensis ( Fet, 1984 )
status

Treatment

Raveniola kopetdaghensis ( Fet, 1984) View in CoL

Figs 21–22 View Figs 19–27 , 103 View Figs 100–108 , 158 View Figs 148–159 , 222 View Figs 220–228 , 281 View Figs 274–281 , 305 View Figs 290–309 , 372 View Figs 364–378 , 443–444 View Figs 439–447 , 604 View Figs 602–610 , 719, 757

Brachythele kopetdaghensis Fet, 1984: 37 , fig. 1–2 (♂).

Brachythele kopetdaghensis – Fet 1985a: 274; 1985b: 72. — Zonstein 1985: 159. — Kuznetsov & Fet 1986: 50.

Raveniola kopetdaghensis View in CoL – Zonstein 1987: 1015. — Platnick 1989: 90. — Mikhailov & Fet 1994: 502. — Mikhailov 1996: 77; 1997: 20; 2013: 12.

Diagnosis

Raveniola kopetdaghensis is well distinguishable due to the full absence of PMS, which are present in all other species of the group (see Fig. 604 View Figs 602–610 cf. Figs 597–603, 605–618 View Figs 593–601 View Figs 602–610 View Figs 611–618 ). From members of the diluta group, also possessing only one pair of the spinnerets, R. kopetdaghensis differs in having a narrow awlshaped embolus (vs differently arranged types of the embolus; Figs 443–444 View Figs 439–447 cf. Figs 429–438 View Figs 429–438 ).

Material examined

Holotype

TURKMENISTAN • ♂; Kopetdag Mts , Aidere Canyon ; 38°25′ N, 56°49′ E; 900 m a.s.l.; 20 Apr. 1980; V. Fet leg.; ZISP. GoogleMaps

Paratypes (27 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ subad., 6 juvs; all collected with pitfall traps)

TURKMENISTAN • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; SMNH GoogleMaps • 3 ♂♂; Kopetdag Mts , Aidere Canyon ; 38°23′– 38°25′ N, 56°46′– 56°51′ E; 750–1200 m a.s.l.; 20–30 Mar. 1980; V. Fet leg.; ZISP GoogleMaps • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 30 Mar.–1 Apr. 1980; V. Fet leg.; ZISP GoogleMaps • 1 ♀ subad.; same collection data as for preceding; 30 Mar.–20 Apr. 1980; V. Fet leg.; ZISP GoogleMaps • 4 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 1–10 Apr. 1980; V. Fet leg.; ZISP GoogleMaps • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 10–20 Apr. 1980; V. Fet leg.; ZMMU GoogleMaps • 5 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 20 Apr.–1 May 1980; V. Fet leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps • 1 ♂, 6 juvs; Kopetdag Mts , Firyuza Canyon ; 37°52′ N, 58°02′ E; 1200–1400 m a.s.l.; 7–16 Feb. 1979; G.T. Kuznetzov leg.; ZMMU GoogleMaps • 5 ♂♂, 1 ♀ subad.; Kopetdag Mts , Karanki Gorge ; 37°48′ N, 58°18′ E; 800–900 m a.s.l.; 8–15 Apr. 1980; G.T. Kuznetzov leg.; ZISP GoogleMaps • 3 ♂♂; Kopetdag Mts , Kurtusu Gorge ; 37°44′ N, 58°23′ E; 800–1000 m a.s.l.; 15–22 Mar. 1980; G.T. Kuznetzov leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps .

Additional material (7 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ subad.)

TURKMENISTAN • 1 ♂; Kopetdag Mts , Aidere Canyon ; 1–30 Jun. 1983; V. Fet leg.; SMNH • 2 ♀♀ subad.; Kopetdag Mts , Eldere Canyon ; 38°31′ N, 56°23′ E; 800–1000 m a.s.l.; 5–9 Jul. 1982; N.S. Ustinova leg.; ZMMU GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 16–25 Apr. 1983; S. Zabelin leg.; ZMMU GoogleMaps • 4 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 28 Nov.–18 Dec. 1984; T. Sorokina leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Kopetdag Mts, near summit of Mt Syunt ; 38°31′ N, 56°22′ E; 1560 m a.s.l.; 26 Mar. 1993; D.A. Milko leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps .

Description

Male (holotype)

HABITUS. See Fig. 21. View Figs 19–27

MEASUREMENTS. TBL 11.40, CL 4.51, CW 4.17, LL 0.40, LW 0.86, SL 2.34, SW 2.08.

COLOUR. Carapace, sternum, labium, maxillae and leg coxae light yellowish orange; chelicerae and radial grooves of carapace medium reddish orange; eye tubercle blackish brown; palps, legs and spinnerets pale brownish yellow; abdomen light greyish brown, dorsally with darker and weakly contrasting brown chevron-like pattern.

CEPHALOTHORAX. Carapace and chelicerae as shown in Fig. 103 View Figs 100–108 . Clypeus and eye group as in Fig. 158 View Figs 148–159 . Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.12(0.18), ALE 0.22, PLE 0.14, PME 0.13; AME–AME 0.15(0.09), ALE–AME 0.10(0.07), ALE–PLE 0.08, PLE–PME 0.04, PME–PME 0.37. Anterior cheliceral edge with unmodified setae; rastellum not developed. Each cheliceral furrow with 9 promarginal teeth and 3–4 mesobasal denticles. MIT indiscernible ( Fig. 200 View Figs 196–201 ). Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in Fig. 222 View Figs 220–228 . Maxillae with 9–10 cuspules each.

LEGS. Tibia and metatarsus I as in Figs 281 View Figs 274–281 , 305 View Figs 290–309 . Scopula: entire and distal on metatarsi I–II; entire on tarsus I; narrowly divided by setae on tarsus II; sparse and very widely divided on tarsi III–IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 8–9 each on tibiae, 13–15 on metatarsi, 12–13 on tarsi, 8 on cymbium. PTC I–IV with 7–9 teeth on each margin.

SPINATION. Palp: femur d3, pd1; patella p1; tibia d2, p3, r2, v6(7); cymbium d6. Leg I: femur d4, pd3, rd3; patella p1; tibia p2, pv3, r3(2), rv2+2M; metatarsus v5(3). Leg II: femur d4, pd3; patella p1; tibia p2(3), v7; metatarsus d1, p2, v5. Leg III: femur d4, pd3, rd2; patella p1, r1; tibia d3, p3, r3, v7; metatarsus d1, p3, r3, v7. Leg IV: femur d4, pd3, rd2; patella p1, r1; tibia d2, p3, r3, v7; metatarsus d3, p4, r4, v8. Tarsi I–IV aspinose.

PALP. Tibia, cymbium and copulatory bulb as shown in Fig. 372 View Figs 364–378 . Embolus long tapering and slightly curved subapically ( Figs 443–444 View Figs 439–447 ).

SPINNERETS. See Fig. 604 View Figs 602–610 . PMS: absent. PLS: maximal diameter 0.43; length of basal, medial and apical segments 0.76, 0.63, 0.58; total length 1.97; apical segment shortly digitiform.

	Femur	Patella	Tibia	Metatarsus	Tarsus	Total
Palp	2.73	1.22	2.18	–	0.74	6.87
Leg I	4.69	2.25	3.95	3.47	2.06	16.42
Leg II	4.37	2.04	3.48	3.15	2.05	15.09
Leg III	3.93	1.73	2.98	3.53	2.02	14.19
Leg IV	4.98	1.84	3.97	5.06	2.35	18.20

Female

Adult females are unknown. All the four examined female specimens (CL 4.0–4.2) lack developed spermathecae and thus they are recognised to represent subadult spiders. Although Fet (1984) used some female characters in the original description, he did not mention any feature related to the spermathecae. Until the description of conspecific adult females is published, the species should be considered as known only for males.

Variation

Carapace length in males (n= 12) varies from 4.21 to 4.87; a characteristic pale colouration, including a poorly developed chevron-like abdominal pattern, shows no significant variation throughout the specimens (as in Fig. 22 View Figs 19–27 ).

Ecology

The species inhabits mountain forest biotopes at 700–1560 m a.s.l.; its distribution is mainly confined to sparse forest formation dominated by Acer turkomanicum Pojark. and Juniperus turkomanica B. Fedtshenko. See Fig. 719 View Figs 715–722 , showing the type locality. Wandering males were collected from late November till June, with a certain peak in April. Since almost all specimens (with only one exception) were collected exclusively using pitfall traps, no detailed information regarding the spider retreats is known.

Distribution

Turkmenistan: southwestern and central parts of the Kopetdag Mts. See Fig. 757 View Figs 751–760 .

SMNH	Canada, Saskatchewan, Regina, Royal Saskatchewan Museum
ZISP	Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences
SMNH	Department of Paleozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History
ZMMU	Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University

Copyright notice

No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.

Taxonomy

Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Arthropoda
Class	Arachnida
Order	Araneae
Family	Nemesiidae
Genus	Raveniola