Paramaja kominatoensis Kubo, 1936

Ng, Peter K. L. & Forges, Bertrand Richer De, 2015, Revision of the spider crab genus Maja Lamarck, 1801 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Majoidea: Majidae), with descriptions of seven new genera and 17 new species from the Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific, Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 63, pp. 110-225 : 132-133

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.5384590
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:40BCDD62-D35E-46D1-95A3-2CC0DF219DEE
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A9654B-FF97-074F-54FB-FD4B7CA0F8F6
treatment provided by	Valdenar
scientific name	Paramaja kominatoensis Kubo, 1936
status

Treatment

Paramaja kominatoensis Kubo, 1936 View in CoL

( Figs. 2B View Fig , 8 View Fig , 9 View Fig , 13A–C View Fig , 14A–E View Fig , 15A–J View Fig , 36G, H View Fig , 39G, H View Fig , 41E View Fig , 43I–K View Fig , 48A–E View Fig , 53I, J View Fig , 55E, F View Fig , 68A View Fig )

Paramaja kominatoensis Kubo, 1936: 361 View in CoL , figs. 1, 2.

Maja kominatoensis View in CoL – Miyake, 1936: 418, pl. 28 figs. 1, 2. – T. Sakai, 1938: 300, pl. 38 fig. 3. – Serène, 1968: 57. – Serène & Lohavanijaya, 1973: 50 (key). – T. Sakai, 1976: 240, text fig. 128, pl. 84 fig. 2. – Matsuzawa, 1977: pl. 96 fig. 1. – Miyake, 1983: 47, pl. 16 fig. 2. – Ikeda, 1998: 117, pl. 41. – Muraoka, 1998: 27, pl. 5 fig. 1. – Ng et al., 2001: 12. – Maramura & Kosaka, 2003: 34. – Yang et al., 2008: 780. – Ng et al., 2008: 117 (list).

Maja gibba – T. Sakai, 1976: 239 (part), text fig. 127a, b, pl. 84 fig. 1. – Dai et al., 1986: 137, pl. 18(4). – Dai & Yang, 1991: 152, pl. 18(4). – Huang, 1994: 583. – Muraoka, 1998: 27. – Maramura & Kosaka, 2003: 34. – Yang et al., 2008: 780. (not Maja gibba Alcock, 1895 ).

Material examined. Neotype (here designated): male (56.6 × 40.4 mm) ( SMF 47808), None, west of Cape Muroto, Kochi Prefecture , 33°26.617’N 134°16.75’E, Japan , coll. K. Matsuzawa, 13 December 1999. Japan – 1 dried male (62.6 × 56.1 mm) ( KPM NH0104298 ), probably Mimase , Tosa Bay , T. Sakai Collection. — 1 dried male (60.4 × 52.5 mm), 1 dried female (61.0 × 54.6 mm) ( KPM NH124171), Minabe town , Wakayama Prefecture, Japan , T. Sakai Collection. — 2 males (41.0 × 34.6 mm, 53.1 × 46.8 mm), 1 female (63.5 × 58.5 mm) ( SMF 47728), Ashizuri , 200 fathoms, coll. RV Taisho Maru , 24 November 1958. — 2 males (50.5 × 44.6 mm, 76.9 × 69.6 mm) ( SMF 47738), Tosa Bay , Kochi Prefecture, T. Sakai collection (TS00320), coll. 1970s. — 1 female (62.0 × 58.0 mm) ( SMF 47810), None , Kochi Prefecture, 33°26.617’N 134°16.75’E, coll. K. Matsuzawa, 12 November 1988. — 1 female (52.7 × 47.5 mm) ( SMF 47736), Tosa Bay , Kochi Prefecture, 190 m, coll. RV Toyohata-Maru, 7 April 1989. — 1 female (25.7 × 21.0 mm) ( SMF 47744), Tosa Bay , Kochi Prefecture, 250–300 m, coll. K. Sakai, 3–14 November 1963. South Korea – 1 female (53.1 × 40.0 mm) ( SMF 47605), Cheju Island , 33°32.415’N 126°30.783’E, East China Sea , bottom, coll. M. Matsuo, 7 May 1991. Taiwan – 1 dried male (ca. 60 mm carapace length) ( PCM), Tashi, northern Taiwan , coll. K.-X. Li, 2000s. — 1 dried male (73.0 × 66.0 mm, 79.0 mm including pseudorostrum) ( PCM, one G 1 in ZRC 2013.1407 View Materials ), Tashi Port, northern Taiwan , coll. K.-X. Li, from deep-water trawlers, 2000s. GoogleMaps

Diagnosis. Adult carapace with branchial and gastric regions rounded; dorsal surface inflated to strongly inflated, covered by large rounded tubercles and/or wart-like or sharp granules, some which may merge basally; those on median row especially large, forming low rounded or sharp crest ( Figs. 8 View Fig , 9 View Fig , 13A–C View Fig , 14A–E View Fig ). Adult pseudorostral spines gently curved outwards to almost straight, strongly diverging; cross-section circular ( Figs. 8 View Fig , 9 View Fig , 13A–C View Fig , 36G, H View Fig ). Supraorbital eave relatively narrow, granulated; antorbital spine triangular, sharp; intercalated spine irregular, slightly shorter than supraorbital spine; postorbital spine relatively wide, gently curved anteriorly, triangular with some granules at base of anterior margin; hepatic area prominently inflated with several large sharp tubercles ( Figs. 8 View Fig , 9 View Fig , 36G, H View Fig ). Adult male anterior thoracic sternum relatively broad ( Fig. 48A–E View Fig ); lateral margins of anterior edge of male sternoabdominal cavity almost straight or gently curved ( Fig. 48A–E View Fig ). Distal part of G1 relatively long, tip gently bent laterally ( Fig. 15A–J View Fig ).

Remarks. Kubo (1936) described the species on the basis of a single large male 63.0 by 57.0 mm collected from a depth of 370 m from off Kominato in Chiba, Japan. The extant material of Kubo is in the Tokyo University of Fisheries, and a list of taxa present in this collection was published by Takeda & Ueshima (2006). A recent search there again failed to find his type specimen (T. Komai, pers. comm.). In view of the variation in carapace form observed in the Japanese material, and its close similarity with P. gibba ( Alcock, 1895) and P. turgida n. sp., we have decided to select a neotype for Paramaja kominatoensis Kubo, 1936 . The neotype selected is a male 56.6 × 40.4 mm in the SMF collected from None in Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Although it not the largest specimen we have examined, it is the most complete and is an adult male.

Kubo’s (1936: fig. 1) ( Fig. 8A View Fig ) figure of P. kominatoensis shows a specimen with a strongly inflated carapace but the granules on it do not appear to be as swollen, large or wartlike as those illustrated by T. Sakai (1976) or Ikeda (1998) (see present Figs. 8B, C View Fig , 68A View Fig ). The convexity and size of the granules on the carapace varies, as the excellent series of specimens in SMF demonstrate. Smaller specimens all have relatively less swollen carapaces, and the granules are proportionately smaller and sharper (e.g., Fig. 9D, E View Fig ). Larger specimens vary, with some having the sharper granules (e.g., Figs. 9A–C View Fig ), some with wart-like granules and having a more swollen carapace (e.g., Figs. 8B, C, E, F View Fig ), and a few with granules and tubercles intermediate in condition (e.g., Figs. 8D View Fig ) (like in Kubo’s type, Fig. 8A View Fig ). The lateral margins of anterior edge of the male sterno-abdominal cavity are usually straight or almost so in P. kominatoensis ( Fig. 48A, B View Fig ) but can also be gently curved ( Fig. 48C–E View Fig ). This variation in the sterno-abdominal cavity does not seem to be associated with size. The cross-section of the pseudorostral spines in all thes specimens, however, is circular ( Fig. 13A–C View Fig ), not dorsoventrally flattened like in P. turgida n. sp. ( Fig. 13D–F View Fig ). Females of P. kominatoensis are similar to males in nonsexual characters except that their pereipods are relatively shorter and more slender ( Figs. 8E, F View Fig , 9B View Fig versus Figs. 8A–C View Fig , 9A, C View Fig ).

Paramaja kominatoensis is close to P. gibba s. str. (and P. turgida n. sp.), and some authors (e.g., Griffin & Tranter, 1986) have suggested that they may be synonymous. The most distinctive feature of P. kominatoensis is the presence of large wart-like granules on the median part of the carapace, especially on the gastric, cardiac, intestinal and inner branchial regions ( Ikeda, 1998: pl. 41, fig. 1a–f; present Figs. 8B, C View Fig , 13A–C View Fig , 14A–C View Fig ); but as discussed above, these characters vary to some degree and cannot be relied on. In P. gibba s. str. and P. turgida n. sp., these granules are always relatively smaller, sharper and well separated from each other. Paramaja kominatoensis also almost always has a proportionately more strongly inflated carapace, especially when viewed frontally or laterally ( Ikeda, 1998: pl. 41, figs. 1e, 1f; present Figs. 13A–C View Fig , 14A–D View Fig ), compared to P. gibba s. str. or P. turgida n. sp. ( Figs. 13D–F View Fig , 14F–H View Fig ). This “inflatedness” is attenuated by the large wart-like granules that may be present on the carapace in P. kominatoensis ( Figs. 13A–C View Fig , 14A–C View Fig ). In addition, in adult Paramaja kominatoensis , the pseudorostral spines are circular in cross-section ( Figs. 13A–C View Fig , 36G, H View Fig ) (versus dorso-ventrally flattened in P. gibba and P. turgida , Figs. 13D–F View Fig , 36I–K View Fig ).

The G1 structure of P. kominatoensis closely resembles that of P. gibba , with the tips of the distal part gently bent laterally ( Fig. 15A–J View Fig ). However, the distal part of the G 1 in P. kominatoensis is proportionately longer ( Fig. 15A, D, H View Fig ) compared to that of P. gibba ( Fig. 15L View Fig ). Compared to the G1 of P. kominatoensis , that of P. turgida n. sp. is proportionately shorter with the tip in line with the rest of the structure ( Fig. 15N–U View Fig ) (versus longer with the tip gently bent laterally, Fig. 15A–J View Fig ).

The male specimen from Japan (KPM NH0104298) is one of the two males listed by T. Sakai (1976). Although the attached label does not carry any locality data, T. Sakai (1976: 240) noted he had only two males, both from Tosa Bay. Although generally regarded as a Japanese endemic, the two dried specimens in the Peikuan Crab Museum were supposedly collected from Tashi Fish Port just off northeastern Taiwan. There is also a record of this species from Taiwan ( Chou et al., 1999) but the specimen cannot be located so we cannot confirm its identity. The species has also been listed from East China Seas by Yang et al. (2008). It is recorded here for the first time from South Korea.

The color in life is cream with a band of longitudinal big granules bright red ( Fig. 68A View Fig ) (see also Ikeda, 1998: pl. 41).

SMF	Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg
KPM	Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History
T	Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics
RV	Collection of Leptospira Strains
PCM	Polish Collection of Microorganisms

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Taxonomy

Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Arthropoda
Class	Malacostraca
Order	Decapoda
Family	Majidae
Genus	Paramaja