Drepanoza canariensis Bastin, Burckhardt & Ouvrard, 2023

Bastin, Saskia, Burckhardt, Daniel, Reyes-Betancort, Alfredo, Hernández-Suárez, Estrella & Ouvrard, David, 2023, A review of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of the Canary Islands, with descriptions of two new genera and sixteen new species, Zootaxa 5313 (1), pp. 1-98 : 45-47

* Drepanoza canariensis Bastin, Burckhardt & Ouvrard sp. nov.

( Figs 67–69 , 167–172 , 202–205 , 259–263 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EDC2F64F-CDE1-4D15-9AE0-EA582ED8D692

Material examined. Holotype ♂, Tenerife: Tegueste, Pedro Álvarez, 28.5300 N, 16.3086 W, 620 m alt., 1.v.2017, Convolvulus canariensis (A. González) ( NHMB, dry mounted).

Paratypes. Tenerife: 23 ♂, 15 ♀, 17 immatures, same data as holotype (A. González) ( NHMB, 70% ethanol); 7 ♂, 6 ♀, same data but 10.vii.2018, Convolvulus canariensis (A. González and S. Bastin) ( SBPC, slide mounted, 70% ethanol); 1 ♂, same data but 3.xii.2018, C. canariensis (S. Bastin) ( SBPC, 70% ethanol); 1 ♀, same data but 8.i.2019, C. canariensis (S. Bastin) ( SBPC, 70% ethanol); 6 ♂, 3 ♀, same data but 22.ii.2019, C. canariensis (S. Bastin) ( MUSA, slide mounted, 70% ethanol); 28 ♂, 32 ♀, 23 immatures, same data but 1.iv.2020, C. canariensis (S. Bastin) ( ICIA, slide mounted, 70% ethanol); 10 ♂, 10 ♀, same data but ( ANSES, LSV, 70% ethanol); 1 ♂, 4 immatures, Güimar, Barranco Badajoz, 28.3044 N, 16.4306 W, 410 m alt., 20.v.2020 (S. Bastin) ( SBPC, 70% ethanol); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Afur, 28.5508 N, 16.2406 W, 420 m alt., 26.vi.2020, C. canariensis (S. Bastin) ( SBPC, 70% ethanol).

Description. Adult. Colouration of dry material. Head light brown. Compound eye dark red. Ocelli orange. Antennal segments 1, 2 and 3 yellow, segments 5 and 7 entirely yellow brown, segments 4 and 6 yellow brown with apices light brown, segment 8 yellow brown with apex dark and segments 9 and 10 all black. Thorax green with yellow spots on pronotum, mesoscutum, mesopraescutum and mesoscutellum. Legs light yellow. Wing membrane transparent and veins yellow. Abdominal sclerites light brown with more-or-less extensive yellow pattern. Male and female terminalia yellow or green. Paramere with apex black. Teneral specimens with generally green body.

Structure. Body length 2.4 – 2.9 mm. Head inclined at about 45º from longitudinal body axis, slightly narrower than thorax. Vertex ( Fig. 167 ) subpentagonal, 0.5 – 0.7 times as long as broad, covered in distinct microsculpture along margins and indistinct microsculpture on disc, with short setae and 2 long setae apically; coronal suture fully developed. Genal processes ( Fig. 167 ) 0.7 – 0.9 times as long as vertex, conical, slightly diverging, covered with long setae. Antenna ( Fig. 168 ) 2.1 – 2.7 times as long as head width; segment 3 1.9 – 2.4 times as long as segment 4; with a single rhinarium on each of segments 4, 6, 8 and 9; antennal segment 10 ( Fig. 169 ) with 1 terminal seta 1.1–1.3 times as long as segment and the other 2.4–2.8 times as long as segment. Meracanthus of metacoxa well developed, triangular with apex pointed. Metatibia 1.3 times as long as head width, with several genual spines of similar size, with 2+1, occasionally 3+1 apical spurs, and a row of moderately long, densely spaced bristles apically ( Fig. 170 ). Forewing ( Fig. 171 ) elongate oval, 4.0 – 4.7 times as long as head width, 2.4 – 2.8 times as long as wide; with a bluntly angled apex; vein Rs almost straight; bifurcation of vein M more-or-less on line joining apices of veins Rs and Cu 1a; occasionally with bifurcation of vein Rs; vein M curved; m 1 cell value 1.2 – 1.4; vein Cu 1a longer than Cu; vein Cu 1b short and straight; cu 1 cell value 1.0 – 1.2; surface spinules absent from cells c+sc and r 1, fine in the other cells, evenly spaced to form irregular squares, restricted to small areas along wing margin except in cell cu 2, where spinules cover most of the cell; radular areas elongate, triangular in cells m 1, m 2 and cu 1; with very short setae except for costal margin, which bears slightly longer but sparser setae. Male terminalia as in Figs 67, 68 , 172 . Proctiger 0.4 – 0.5 times as long as head width, 1.2 – 1.5 times as long as paramere, with anterior margin slightly rounded and posterior margin sinuate, covered with moderately long setae in apical two thirds, mainly in apical part and near posterior margin. Paramere lamellar, gradually tapering in apical third, with sclerotised apex, outer face with sparse moderately long setae near posterior margin, inner face covered with short setae in apical half, dense short setae in basal half, moderately long setae near anterior margin, and long setae along posterior margin, 2 – 3 times longer than the others; in posterior view, medial outline of parameres pear-shaped. Apical segment of aedeagus rounded postero-basally, bearing a long, slender forward-directed apical projection and an angled posterior bulge; sclerotised end tube of ductus ejaculatorius sinuate. Subgenital plate subtriangular, as long as high, covered with long setae dorsally and sparse short setae mainly in ventral part. Female terminalia oblong cuneate ( Fig. 69 ). Proctiger 0.9 – 1.0 times as long as head width, longer than subgenital plate, apex blunt, with dorsal margin weakly sinuate, densely covered with long and pointed setae in apical two thirds and moderately long and short setae close to apex; circumanal ring 0.2 times as long as proctiger, with 2 unequal rows of pores surrounded by short pointed setae. Subgenital plate moderately long, subtriangular and rounded, densely covered with short setae in apical part.

Measurements (in mm) (12 ♂, 7 ♀). Head width ♂ 0.46 – 0.49, ♀ 0.49 – 0.55; vertex length ♂ 0.15 – 0.19, ♀ 0.17 – 0.20; vertex width ♂ 0.26 – 0.28, ♀ 0.28 – 0.32; antenna length ♂ 1.05 – 1.25, ♀ 1.09 – 1.24; metatibia length ♂ 0.58 – 0.61, ♀ 0.58 – 0.68; forewing length ♂ 1.83 – 2.07, ♀ 2.22 – 2.51; forewing width ♂ 0.69 – 0.82, ♀ 0.85 – 1.04; male proctiger length 0.19 – 0.23; paramere length 0.15 – 0.17; distal segment of aedeagus length 0.11 – 0.13; female proctiger length 0.45 – 0.49; female anal ring length 0.10.

Fifth-instar immature. Colouration. Dorsum yellow, with apical part of forewing pads, hindwing pads and variable parts of the caudal plate dark maroon to black.

Structure. Body ( Fig. 202 ) 1.9–2.0 times as long as wide. Antenna 0.5 times as long as forewing pad. Caudal plate 0.9–1.0 times as long as wide. Marginal sectasetae ( Fig. 203 ) moderate in length, slender and pointed, present in following numbers: forewing pad 41–45, hindwing pad 5–6 and caudal plate 45–51 (one half only). Tarsal arolium ( Fig. 204 ) circular, without claws. Margin of caudal plate with 1–3 pointed lanceolate setae, longer than the sectasetae. Caudal plate dorsally bearing small lanceolate setae. Anus ventral; outer circumanal ring ( Fig. 205 ) circular, small, incomplete anteriorly.

Measurements (in mm) (3 individuals). Body length 1.9; length of forewing pad 0.69–0.78.

Etymology. Named after its host plant, Convolvulus canariensis .

Host plant CI. Convolvulus canariensis (Convolvulaceae) .

Distribution CI. Tenerife.

Biology. The immatures induce a closed, light-to-dark green gall ( Figs 281–286 ). The galls are globular ( Fig. 281 ) or conical ( Fig. 282 ) on the adaxial leaf side, and tubular with many white trichomes apically ( Fig. 283 ) on the abaxial leaf surface. All dissected galls were unilocular and each contained a single immature. After adult emergence, the galls undergo gradual desiccation while the leaf remains attached to the plant. Some immatures in the galls had been parasitized by an encyrtid wasp ( Hymenoptera : Encyrtidae ). One adult was parasitized by an ectoparasitic mite (Prostigmata: Trombidiidae ) ( Fig. 263 ), and a putatively predaceous bug ( Hemiptera : Miridae : Orthotylinae ) was observed.

Comments. Drepanoza canariensis is morphologically similar to D. fruticulosi , a species that also develops on Convolvulus , but differs in having longer and more slender genal processes, a more robust apical part of the paramere, and longer female terminalia ( D. canariensis > 0.45 mm, D. fruticulosi <0.40 mm). It is separated from the other congeners by having longer female terminalia and different host plants: Convolvulus canariensis versus Convolvulus fruticulosus (in D. fruticulosi ), Lycium species (in D. lienhardi ), Pittosporum coriaceum (in D. pittospori and D. fernandesi ) and Withania aristata (in D. molinai ). It differs from D. fernandezi , D. lienhardi and D. pittospori in having an apically more rounded forewing, and from D. molinai and D. montanetana in having longer antennae (> 2.0 mm versus <2.0 mm); also in having a more elongate male proctiger (rather than bulbous) and longer female terminalia.

Figures

FIGURES 67–75. (67–69) Drepanoza canariensis: (67) male terminalia, lateral view; (68) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (69) female terminalia, lateral view. (70–72) Drepanoza fruticulosi: (70) male terminalia, lateral view; (71) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (72) female terminalia, lateral view. (73–75) Drepanoza molinai: (73) male terminalia, lateral view; (74) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (75) female terminalia, lateral view.

FIGURES 167–185. (167–172) Drepanoza canariensis: (167) head, dorsal view; (168) antenna; (169) last antennal segments; (170) apical spurs; (171) forewing; (172) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view. (173–178) Drepanoza fruticulosi: (173) head, dorsal view; (174) antenna; (175) last antennal segments; (176) genual spines; (177) forewing; (178) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view. (179–185) Drepanoza molinai: (179) head, ventral view; (180) antenna; (181) last antennal segments; (182) metacoxa; (183) forewing; (184) forewing, showing surface spinule; (185) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view.

FIGURES 202–211. Fifth-instar immature; (202–205) Drepanoza canariensis: (202) habitus, right half; (203) marginal sectasetae on forewing pad; (204) tarsal arolium; (205) circumanal rings and anus. (206, 207) Drepanoza fruticulosi: (206) habitus, right half; (207) marginal sectasetae on forewing pad. (208–211) Drepanoza molinai: (208) habitus, right half; (209) marginal sectasetae on forewing pad; (210) tarsal arolium; (211) circumanal rings and anus.

FIGURES 259–268. (259–263) Drepanoza canariensis: (259, 260) adult, habitus; (259) dorsal view; (260) lateral view; (261, 262) immature; (263) adult with attached mite (Acari). (264, 265) Drepanoza fruticulosi: (264) adult, habitus, dorsal view; (265) immature. (266–268) Drepanoza molinai: (266) male, habitus, dorsal view; (267) female, habitus, lateral view; (268) immatures.

FIGURES 281–296. (281–286) Drepanoza canariensis galls. (287–292) Drepanoza fruticulosi galls. (293–296) Drepanoza molinai: (293) parasitized immature; (294–296) galls.