Cimmerosiro rhodiensis, Karaman & Mitov & Snegovaya, 2024

Karaman, Ivo M., Mitov, Plamen G. & Snegovaya, Nataly, 2024, Parasironidae fam. nov., a Cimmerian lineage of Mediterranean Cyphophthalmi (Opiliones), with the description of three new genera and four new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 921 (1), pp. 173-209 : 197-203

Cimmerosiro rhodiensis gen. et sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5B581EC5-9155-44F1-9A48-1477669D4F04

Figs 1D–E , 2F , 12C , 21–25

Diagnosis

Small species (1.10–1.18 mm) with narrow, elongated body; in females posteriorly with protrusion of duck-bill form. Integument granulation with densely distributed first rank granules of irregular form. Adenostyle elongated, with long filiform distal processus. Spermatopositor elongated. Claws I without denticles. Claws III with prolateral comb-like row of 4–5 denticles.

Etymology

The name of this species is the adjective ‘rhodiensis’, based on the island of Rhodes, where this species was found.

Material examined

Holotype

GREECE • ♂; Epta Piges , Rhodes; 36°15ʹ7.24ʺ N, 28°6ʹ42.69ʺ E; 120 m a.s.l.; 20 Apr. 2022; I. Karaman and M. Horvatović leg.; CIK 1542/1 .

Paratypes

GREECE • 2 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀, 6 juvs; same collection data as for holotype; CIK 1542/2 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CJM 9582 ( SMF) • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CPM • 3 ♀♀; Epta Piges , Rhodes; 9 Apr. 1977; C. Besuchet leg.; MHNG-ARTO-0034049 .

Description

Male

BODY. If not otherwise stated, measurements for the male holotype. Body length 1.15 mm (males: 1.10– 1.15 mm). Body uniformly light brown in color. Dorsum narrow ( Fig. 21A ), elongated (more than twice as long as wide), posteriorly conically pointed; anterior margin of prosoma short and slightly protruded, concave; anterolateral margins long, sinuate. Ozophores narrow, slightly longer than wide at their bases, laterally orientated (type 1). Integument densely granulated with first rank granules of irregular forms ( Fig. 22B–F ).

CHELICERAE ( Fig. 24A ). Slightly elongated, smooth; basal article 0.49 mm long; second article 0.45 mm long; transverse ridge rises more gradually than sharply from dorsal depression, ventral bulge emphasized. Second article almost 4 times as long as wide. Teeth on fiXed finger (6) and movable finger (7) tightly spaced.

PEDIPALPS ( Fig. 24B ). Of normal proportions, 0.77 mm long without coxa and apotele; trochanter elongated, longer than patella, as long as tibia; tarsus longer than tibia; apotele elongated. Sensilla closer to basal part of coxae. Ornamented astragalus and smooth calcaneus.

VENTRAL PROSOMAL COMPLEX ( Fig. 21B ). Coxal lobes II as wide anteriorly as at posterior end. Coxal lobes III more than twice as wide as long; slightly protruded medially at an obtuse angle. Coxal lobes IV slightly longer than wide at their narrowest part; posteriorly with almost parallel sides, widened with conical processes situated laterally on frontal margin of gonostome.

LEGS. Basitarsi I–II with ornamented astragalus occupying about a third of their length ( Fig. 23A–B ); basitarsi III–IV fully ornamented. Telotarsus I elongated, L/W ratio: 3; telotarsus II L/W ratio slightly more than 2.5. Telotarsus IV elongated, with adenostyle at end of basal half of its length ( Fig. 23C ); adenostyle with long filiform distal processus ( Fig. 23D ). Claws II without denticles; claws III with prolateral comb-like row of 4 elongated denticles and 2 small retrolateral denticles; claws IV with 2 small denticles. Measurements of legs (without coxae and claws, in mm): I 1.24; II 1.02; III 0.88; IV 1.10.

SPERMATOPOSITOR ( Fig. 25 ). Narrow, elongated (more than 2 times as long as wide) with short and wide terminal lobe. Medial pair of setae terminales (4) much longer than lateral pair; setae dorsales (4) long, length of medial pair exceeding terminal lobe. Three setae laterales on each side. Setae ventrales (3) short, medial one located lower; digiti mobiles mediales taper conically towards fimbriated tip; digiti mobiles laterales elongated, with wide serrated tip.

Female

Body length 1.10–1.18 mm. Dorsum narrow, elongated (twice as long as wide) ( Fig. 21D ); posteriorly with protrusion of duck-bill form which frames corona analis on ventral side ( Figs 21F , 22A ); coxal lobes II–III as in male ( Fig. 21E ). Ovipositor apical lobes short ( Fig. 12C ), two times as long as terminal article. Terminal article as long as wide at its base. Receptacles orifices located subterminally on apical lobes. Receptacles of saccate form, tapering towards bottom. Terminal setae shorter than apical lobes. Subterminal mediodistal setae two-thirds the length of terminal setae.

Measurements of legs, without coxae and claws (in mm) (female of 1.18 mm body length): I 1.21; II 1.01; III 0.82; IV 1.07.

Remarks

Cimmerosiro juberthiei gen. et sp. nov. and C. krivolutskyi gen. et sp. nov. are closely related and they represent the Cimmerosiro fauna of the Menderes Platform (MP) of the Anatolide-Tauride Block (ATB) ( Fig. 27C ). Cimmerosiro rhodiensis gen. et sp. nov. is significantly morphologically different from both these species and is probably phyletically significantly distant from them as well. It could represent the Cimmerosiro fauna of the Tauride Platform (TP) of the same Block.

Figures

Fig. 1. A–C. Cimmerosiro krivolutsky gen. et sp. nov. (CIK).A. Male leg I, astragalus (arrow). B. Female leg III, claw.C. Female leg IV, claw. —D–E. C. rhodiensis gen. et sp. nov. (CIK).D. Male leg III, claw.E. Female leg IV, claw. —F. Ebrosiro coiffaiti (Juberthie, 1956) gen. et comb. nov. (CIK), male III leg, claw.

Fig. 2. A–E. Prosessus sensitif on telotarsus of leg I. A–B. Ebrosiro coiffaiti (Juberthie, 1956) gen. et comb. nov., male (CIK). C. E. coifaitii, female (CIK). D. Cimmerosiro krivolutskyi gen. et sp. nov., female (CIK). E. C. krivolutskyi gen. et sp. nov., male (CIK). F. C. rhodiensis gen. et sp. nov., female, genital orifice (CIK).

Fig. 12. Distal portion of ovipositor, dorsal view. A. Cimmerosiro krivolutskyi gen. et sp. nov. (CIK). B. C. juberthiei gen. et sp. nov. (MHNG). C. C. rhodiensis gen. et sp. nov. (CIK). Scale bar = 100 μm.

Fig. 21. Cimmerosiro rhodiensis gen. et sp. nov. A–C. Male (CIK). D–F. Paratype, female (CIK). A, D. Dorsum. B, E. Ventral prosomal complex. C. Dorsum, frontal view. F. Opisthosoma, posterior part, lateral view.

Fig. 22. Cimmerosiro rhodiensis gen. et sp. nov., paratype, female (CIK). A. Anal region, ventral view. B. Dorsum granulation (sixth to eleventh tergite). C–D. Details of granulation of ninth tergite. E–F. Details of dorsum granulation.

Fig. 23. Cimmerosiro rhodiensis gen. et sp. nov. A–D. Male (CIK 1542/2). E–F. Paratype, female (CIK 1542/2). A. Basitarsus and telotarsus of leg I. B. Basitarsus and telotarsus of leg II. C. Basitarsus and telotarsus of leg IV. D. Adenostyle. E. Basitarsus and telotarsus of leg I. F. Basitarsus and telotarsus of leg IV. Scale bars: A–C, E–F = 100 μm; D = 50 μm.

Fig. 24. Cimmerosiro rhodiensis gen. et sp. nov., male (CIK). A. Chelicerae, lateral view. B. Pedipalp, medial view. Scale bar = 100 μm.

Fig. 25. Cimmerosiro rhodiensis gen. et sp. nov. (CIK). Spermatopositor. Scale bar = 50 μm.

Fig. 27. A. Early Triassic reconstruction of Pangaea showing Cimmerian superterrane and Neotethys opening. B. Late Triassic paleogeography of Corsica (C), Sardinia (S), Maures, Estérel (M-E), and the Ebro Block (E) in western Neotethys. C. Cretaceous Western Neotethys realm with Adria continental crust stretching from North Gondwana and inserting between westernmost parts of Cimmerian superterrane. (A, C from Dilek & Furnes 2019; B from Edel et al. 2015, modified). ADR = Adria; AT = Alpine Tethys; ATB = Anatolide-Tauride Block; B = Briançonnais; BSB = Black Sea Basin; ECS = Ebro–Corso–Sardinian Blocks; MP = Menderes Platform; NNT = Northern Neotethys; PL = Pelagonia; SAP = South Armenian Platform; TP = Tauride Platform; VO = Vardar Ocean.