Chrysopodes (Neosuarius) oswaldi Penny, 2002

Tauber, Catherine, 2010, Revision of Neosuarius, a subgenus of Chrysopodes (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae), ZooKeys 44 (44), pp. 1-104 : 52-57

Chrysopodes (Neosuarius) oswaldi Penny, 2002

Figs 11d, 12d, 36–39

Chrysopodes (Neosuarius) oswaldi Penny, 2002: 224 [CAS, Holotype (by original designation): “ 10 mi. S. Rincon de Osa / Puntarenas Proince [Sic!], Costa / Rica, 4–12. III.69 / J. K. Sheldon Field #/.”]. Oswald 2007 [catalog listing].

Diagnosis. Chrysopodes (Neosuarius) oswaldi adults most closely resemble those of C. (N.) collaris . They can be recognized by the distinctive head markings (Figs 11d, 12d). There is a deep red, Y-shaped mark on the vertex above the antennae, and on the face is a pair of red, concave marks below the toruli. The dorsal surface of the scapes has a broad, red, longitudinal stripe; the frons is white; and the entire gena is red. The wings are broader and more rounded distally than those of C. (N.) collaris ; the forewing venation is mostly green, but the costal veinlets, the bases of radial crossveins #1–8, and the icu crossveins are dark brown.

In the male, the arms and bridge of the gonarcus extend widely. The triangular arcessus is supported basally by a pair of dorsal rods that arise from the front of the gonarcal bridge, not from beneath it. The arcessus terminates in a setose, hook-shaped apical beak ( Fig. 38 ). The female terminalia are almost identical to those of C. (N.) collaris ; i.e., they are typified by a relatively wide, funnel-shaped spermatheca with a broad ventral invagination and an elongate, curved velum ( Fig. 39 ). The bursa is large and leathery; the spermathecal duct is long and coiled; and the bursal duct is very long and narrow.

Description. Head (Figs 11d, 12d): Width (frontal, including eyes) 1.4 - 1.7 mm; ratio, head: eye width = 2.2–2.5:1; distance (straight-line) between tentorial pits 0.49– 0.55 mm. Distance between antennae ̴ 0.11–0.14 mm; length of frons (mid-antenna – midway between tentorial pits) ̴ 0.40–0.49 mm; clypeus ̴ 0.24–0.29 mm long. Antenna ̴0.61× length of forewing (8.5 mm; n=1). Vertex slightly raised, flat, round- ed throughout, with very small, upward fold posteriorly; surface of vertex smooth, without setae. Frons relatively flat, unsculptured; surface smooth, shiny throughout. Clypeus unsculptured; surface smooth, mostly flat, very slightly raised in middle. Labrum flat; surface smooth; distal margin straight.

Head coloration: Head cream with deep red marks; vertex with single, V-shaped mark extending along posteromesal margin of toruli, part way around lateral edge of vertex; torulus cream colored, unmarked; posterolateral region unmarked. Genae red throughout; frons creamy white, with pair of deep red, scalloped marks below toruli; clypeus creamy white to amber distally. Scapes creamy white, with broad, longitudinal, red, mesal stripe on dorsum, unmarked frontally; pedicel cream, with brown

T7

with small red horizontal stipe laterally; flagellum creamy white throughout. Maxillary palp: segments 3–5 amber, with brown dorsal mark; basal two segments cream. Labial palp with terminal segment amber to brown, basal segments cream. Venter creamcolored, unmarked.

Thorax (Fig. 11d): Pronotum wider than long: ̴ 0.75–1.05 mm long; ̴ 1.16–1.40 mm wide; cream (probably green in life), unmarked; numerous thin, pale setae (longest ̴ 0.18–0.23 mm long). Meso-, metanota cream (probably green in life), probably with middorsal yellow stripe, unmarked; setae thin, pale. Pleural areas cream colored, without markings. Legs cream without markings, setae golden. Tarsal claws amber, long, narrow, with broad cleft, small base with dark mark.

Wings ( Fig. 36 ): Forewing 12.7–14.8 mm long, 4.1–4.8 mm wide; L:W (midpoint) ratio, 3.0–3.1; width greatest near midpoint, tapering at basal 1/4th and after distal 3/4th of wing; costal margin fairly straight, sloping gradually at base; apex broad, rounded. Media (before and after furcation of M1 and M2), ma, base of Cu1 (above icu1) crassate. Costal area slightly enlarged; height of tallest costal cell (#5–7) = 0.18–0.19× width of wing, 4.5–6.4× length of first costal vein. Subcosta, radius sinuate; most subcostal veinlets, radial crossveins straight. Twelve closed radial cells (between R and Rs), height of tallest radial cell 1.5–2.1× width; other than radial crossveins, only gradate veins in contact with PsM. Four b cells, four b’ cells; First intramedian cell ovate, 0.6–0.9× width of third medial cell; inner row of five to seven gradate veins; eight to ten outer gradate veins; both rows regularly stepped, parallel to each other distally. Second cell beneath Rs with i.g. at base = 1.5–1.6 mm tall, 2.6– 2.9× width; third cell = 1.4–1.5 mm tall, 2.6–2.9× width. Second gradate cell 1.4–1.5 mm tall, 3.1–3.2× width; third gradate cell 1.4–1.5 mm tall, 3.0–3.2× width. Length of second cell beneath Rs with i.g. at base = 1.1× length of second gradate cell. Three intracubital cells; distal one open, icu1, icu2 each shorter than icu3; icu1 slightly shorter than icu2. Vein 1A forked. Hindwing narrow, with tip angulate; 12.1–13.1 mm long, 3.7–4.0 mm wide. Eleven to twelve radial crossveins; four to five inner gradates; seven to eight outer gradate veins; three b cells, plus small t cell; four 4 b’ cells; two intracubital cells, distal one open.

Wing coloration: Hyaline; stigma tinged with brown. Longitudinal veins green, unmarked; costal veinlets #5–10 brownish; tip of im1 lower vein, rs-m crossvein brown or partially brown; gradates with tinge of brown; base of r crossveins #1–8, icu crossvein #1 dark brown.

Abdomen ( Fig. 37 ): Tergites 6, 7: roughly quadrate, with convex ventral margins, straight basal margins, rounded distal margins; length 2.4–2.7 times greater than height (lateral view); with sparse, long, thin setae. Pleural region P7 with very few, medium-length, thin, setae. Sternite 6 quadrate, with dorsal margin relatively straight; length 0.90–0.95× height; with long, slender setae. Spiracles oval, not enlarged (̴ 0. 07 mm diameter); atria not enlarged.

Male ( Figs 37 , 38 ): T8 rounded anteriorly, posteriorly (lateral view), with setose ventrolateral extension reaching below spiracle. Left, right T9+ectoproct fused dorsally; terminal edge straight vertically, bearing long, thin setae; with distinct apodeme along ventral margin, apodeme straight basally, with knob and ventral arm subapically, caudal arm bent downward, with arrow-like apical process; area around callus cerci weakly sclerotized. Callus cerci oblong (0.22–0.28 mm tall, 0.15–0.17 mm wide), with ̴30 short, thin trichobothria. S8+9 length ̴1.25× proximal height; dorsal margin sloping throughout; ventral margin slightly bent upward, without knob, invagination, or apodeme; terminus short, blunt, with distal margin bearing long, heavy setae on somewhat enlarged setal bases, heavy membrane covered with dense field of small gonocristae. Subanal plate distinct, with dense, robust setae. Gonarcus broadly arcuate, tightly attached to T9+ectoproct dorsally via short, folded subanal membrane; broadly V-shaped in frontal view, straight in lateral view; with apodemes attached distally on bridge; bridge smooth, rod-like; span of gonarcus near arch ̴ 0.60 mm, distance between gonarcal apodemes distally ̴1.0 mm. Gonarcal apodemes round, smooth. Mediuncus membranous basally, with pair of robust, sclerotized rods internally, extending from below distal margin of gonarcal bridge, curving upward, approaching each other, fading distally; apical section of mediuncus rounded, dome-like dorsally; terminus bent perpendicularly into blunt, ventrally projecting beak; dorsal surface with dense covering of microsetae; membrane below mediuncus rounded, gathered upward, apparently with large, dense field of robust gonocristae. Gonosaccus beneath mediuncus delicate, thin, without gonosetae or much structure. Hypandrium internum expanded in dorsal view, flat in lateral view, with arms rounded, meeting at apex in smooth, round surface, with narrow, hooklike combs, not extending beyond arms.

Female ( Fig. 39 ): Very similar to C. (N.) collaris (see Figs 18, 19). Callus cerci very slightly taller than broad (0.13 mm tall, 0.12 mm wide), with approximately 24 trichobothria. Gonapophyses laterales fairly tall, approximately 2× taller than wide, rounded dorsally, ventrally. Subgenitale broad, thick, fleshy, with short, broad neck, very small ventrally projecting process; base with thick, textured, folded membrane, attached to S7 via leathery, textured, invaginated membrane. Pair of large, bulbous bursal glands, with elongate ducts opening on dorsolateral margin of bursa, without accessory ducts. Bursa fairly large, extending laterally full width of segment, posteriorly beyond spermatheca; membrane leathery basally, with numerous, small, transverse folds, bursal section becoming thinner distally, folds becoming longitudinal. Bursal duct elongate, much longer than length of abdomen); section arising from bursa flat, fluted, becoming flat, ribbon-like, coiled, surface with small transverse folds (bursal section somewhat longer than 1/2 length of bursal duct); section arising from spermatheca tubular, with smooth surface, initially straight, becoming coiled, bent (spermathecal section slightly less than 1/2 length of bursal duct). Spermatheca funnel-shaped, with large mesal, invaginated velum that makes two full bends, tapers into bursal duct; ̴ 0.58 mm diameter, ̴ 0.53 mm in length to first bend; invagination elongate, tapered, extending through first two bends, perhaps into bursal duct, as internal duct (total length ̴ 2 mm). Spermathecal duct ̴ 4 mm long, narrow, arising from posterior surface of spermatheca slightly on left side, with full coil within subgenitale; basal 1/3rd sclerotized, brownish; distal 2/3rd lightly sclerotized, brushy, very pale (only visible under compound microscope), becoming enlarged distally. Colleterial gland relatively short, bulbous, probably not extending into seventh segment, with slightly grainy texture; no reservoir or accessory glands found. Transverse sclerotization well-formed, curved, ellipsoid plate, located ventrally within gonapophyses laterales, with longitudinal (to the body) rows of setae.

Larvae. Unknown.

Eggs. Unknown.

Biology. Unknown. The only known adults were collected in January, March, August and December.

Type material. Chrysopodes (Neosuarius) oswaldi Penny. The unique type (examined), the Holotype (by original designation), is in the CAS; its labels read: (1) “ 10mi. S. Rincon de Osa / Puntarenas Province, Costa / Rica, 4–12.III.69 / J. K. Sheldon Field #”; (2) “ HOLOTYPE / Chrysopodes / oswaldi / det. Penny, ’02” [red]. One pair of wings is attached to a tab below the labels.

Specimens examined (in addition to the type specimen above). BELIZE. Twin Cays, I/5/89, red mangrove (1M, USNM). COSTA RICA. Puntarenas: Rio Barranca, 11 km. E. Puntarenas, VIII/7/1964, G. C. Eickwort (1M, KU). PANAMA. XII/1935, No. 14,735 (1F, USNM).

Known distribution. Central America ( Belize, Costa Rica, Panama).

Figures

Figure 36. Chrysopodes (Neosuarius) oswaldi: Forewing, hindwing (Panama).

Figure 37. Chrysopodes (Neosuarius) oswaldi: Male terminus, lateral (membrane at tip of S8+9 expanded). c.a. caudal arm of apodeme on T9+ectoproct c.c. callus cerci ev.m. eversible membrane g.c. gonarcal complex s.p. setose subrectal plate S8+9 fused eighth and ninth sternites T7 seventh tergite T8 eighth tergite T9+ect fused ninth tergite and ectoproct v.a. ventral arm of apodeme on T9+ectoproct.

Figure 38. Chrysopodes (Neosuarius) oswaldi: Male genitalia. (a) gonarcus, dorsal (b) gonarcus, lateral (hypandrium internum, not shown). g.b. gonarcal bridge rod internal rod of mediuncus.

Figure 39. Chrysopodes (Neosuarius) oswaldi: Female genitalia, ventral. b.c. bursa copulatrix b.d. bursal duct b.g. bursal gland inv invagination sg subgenitale sp spermatheca sp.d. spermathecal duct.