Theridiosoma diwang Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009

Miller, Jeremy, Griswold, Charles & Yin, Chang, 2009, The symphytognathoid spiders of the Gaoligongshan, Yunnan, China (Araneae: Araneoidea): Systematics and diversity of micro-orbweavers, ZooKeys 11 (11), pp. 9-195 : 25-26

Theridiosoma diwang Miller, Griswold & Yin , sp. n.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:04A2A54B-80C1-4672-BEEA-4C9886BBF3FF

Figs 3 F-G, 7 C-D, 8 C-E, 9 , 94

Material Examined. Holotype: CHINA: Yunnan: Longling Co., Longjiang Township, Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve , 1.2 km SSE of Route S317 at km 23.5, 24.82888°N, 98.76001°E, 2020 m, 26 May 2005, good primary broadleaf forest, dusting webs in understory, C. Griswold, CGY126 (CASENT 9022370, HNU), 1 ♀.

Paratypes: [same data as holotype] (CASENT 9022369, HNU), 2 ♀ ; [same locality] 26 May 2005, good primary broadleaf forest, night collecting, C. Griswold, D. Kavanaugh, CGY127 (CASENT 9022395, CAS), 2 ♀ ; [same locality] 27-28 May 2005, good primary broadleaf forest, dusting webs in understory, C. Griswold, CGY128 (CASENT 9029347, CAS), 2 ♀ ; [same data] (CASENT 9022372, CAS), 1 ♀ ; [same locality] 28 May 2005, good primary broadleaf forest, night collecting, C. Griswold, D. Kavanaugh, CGY129 (CASENT 9022171, HNU), 2 ♀ ; Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve ( Gu Cheng Shan Mtn. ), 24.82886°N, 98.75917°E, 2010 m, 26 May 2005, in the forest, Yan Heng-mei, GKJ026 (CASENT 9022032, HNU), 1 ♀ .

Etymology. Formed from the Chinese words for ground (dì) and net (wăng

); the webs of these spiders are built just above the leaf litter ( Fig. 7 C-D).

Diagnosis. Distinguished from well known Asian Theridiosoma species by the details of the genitalia including the presence of a notch along the posterior margin (contrast with T. taiwanica Zhang, Zhu & Tso, 2006 : fig. 2) and the lack of paired processes (as in T. epeiroides Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 , see Brignoli 1981: fig. 9; T. shuangbi sp. n.: Fig. 3H ). Some species never illustrated or inadequately described are not considered in this diagnosis.

Description. Carapace brown with darker patches in thoracic and head regions ( Fig. 8 C-D). Sternum yellow with wide dark brown margin ( Fig. 8E ). Legs yellow to brown with distal part of metatarsi darker (especially leg IV). Abdomen tan with dark gray with silver patches ( Fig. 8 C-D).

Vulva: Epigynum a flat plate with median notch on posterior margin ( Figs 3F , 9A ); with pair of round lateral pits ( Fig. 9B ). Spermathecae subspherical, juxtaposed; copulatory ducts short, wide, ectal to spermathecae; fertilization ducts arise from posterolateral part of spermathecae, terminate in spiral tip just posterior to spermathecae ( Fig. 3G ).

Female (CASENT 9022395): Total length 1.60, carapace 0.75 long, 0.63 wide, clypeus 0.10, sternum 0.38 long, 0.35 wide, coxa IV separated by 1.30 times their width. Posterior median eyes juxtaposed. Macrosetae: Leg I: patella d1, tibia d2, p1; Leg II: patella d1, tibia d2, v2; Leg III: patella d1, tibia d1; Leg IV: patella d1, tibia d1. Metatarsal trichobothria: TmI: 0.14; TmII: 0.16; TmIII: 0.20. Leg measurements: see Appendix A. Spinnerets ( Fig. 9 C-F).

Male unknown.

Natural History. This species builds an orb web above leaf litter ( Fig. 7 C-D) with the orb pulled into a cone.

Figures

Figure 3. A, B, Epeirotypus dalong sp. n. from Fugong Co.; C, D, Ogulnius barbandrewsi sp. n.; C from Guocai He at Fucai; D from No. 12 Bridge Camp area; E, Baalzebub nemesis sp. n. from No. 12 Bridge Camp area; F, G, Theridiosoma diwang sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve; H, I, Theridiosoma shuangbi sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve. A, C, E, F, H, epigynum, ventral view; B, epigynum, posterior view; D, G, I, cleared vulva, dorsal view. CD: copulatory duct; S: spermatheca; arrow in A indicates transverse submarginal groove; in G and I indicate lateral pits, in H indicates base of one of two opposing lateral apophyses.

Figure 7. Webs of theridiosomatid spiders. A, Ogulnius barbandrewsi sp. n. from No. 12 Bridge Camp area, juvenile; B, Ogulnius barbandrewsi sp. n. from Guocai He at Fucai, juvenile, arrow to spider facing away from hub, tensing radial thread; C, D, Theridiosoma diwang sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve, female. Arrows indicate location of spider.

Figure 8. A, Baalzebub nemesis sp. n. from No. 12 Bridge Camp area; B, Coddingtonia euryopoides sp. n. from Zaotang He at Baihualing village; C-E, Theridiosoma diwang sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve, female. A, B, D, female, dorsal; C, female, lateral; E, female, ventral.

Figure 9. Theridiosoma diwang sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve, SEM of female. A, epigynum; B, epigynum, detail showing lateral pore; C, spinnerets; D, ALS; E, PMS; F, PLS. AC: aciniform gland spigot; AG: aggregate gland spigot; CY: cylindrical gland spigot; FL: flagelliform gland spigot; MAP: major ampullate gland spigot; mAP: minor ampullate gland spigot; n: nubbin; PI: piriform gland spigot, PLS: posterior lateral spinneret, PMS: posterior median spinneret, t: tartipore.

Figure 94. Distribution map, inset map shows study area. Blue: Epeirotypus dalong sp. n.; purple: Ogulnius barbandrewsi sp. n.; yellow: Theridiosoma diwang sp. n.; red: Zoma dibaiyin sp. n.; black: Coddingtonia euryopoides sp. n.; white: Mysmena shibali sp. n.; orange: Crassignatha yamu sp. n.