Crassignatha quanqu Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009

Miller, Jeremy, Griswold, Charles & Yin, Chang, 2009, The symphytognathoid spiders of the Gaoligongshan, Yunnan, China (Araneae: Araneoidea): Systematics and diversity of micro-orbweavers, ZooKeys 11 (11), pp. 9-195 : 72-73

Crassignatha quanqu Miller, Griswold & Yin , sp. n.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3745AD70-626C-4FFB-9B20-B60D83C8995C

Figs 76 E-G, 79 E-F, 83-85 , 96

Material Examined. Holotype: CHINA: Yunnan: Longling Co., Zhen’an Township, Bang Bie village at stream at km 6.8 on Route S 317, 24.81333°N, 98.83280°E, 1545- 1560 m, 24 May 2005, shaded embankments along stream, dusting webs in understory, C. Griswold, CGY119 (CASENT 9029323, HNU), 1 ♁.

Paratypes: [same data as holotype] (CASENT 9022387, CAS), 1 ♁, 1 ♀ ; [same data as holotype] (CASENT 9022388, HNU), 1 ♁, 1 ♀, 1 juv.

Etymology. Formed from the Chinese word for twisted (quán qū), referring to the shape of the embolus in the male palp.

Diagnosis. Male distinguished by the unique embolus shape, which is a rigid spiral ribbon making a single turn, not simply tapered but with a narrow waste near the midpoint ( Fig. 84A ).

Female distinguished from other Crassignatha species except C. yinzhi by the distal lobe of the scape, which is more narrow than and projects well beyond the basal lobe ( Figs 76G , 79 E-F); other Crassignatha species either have the lobes not well differentiated or they are the same width ( Fig. 79A ); distinguished from C. yinzhi by the orientation of the scape, projecting ventrally in C. quanqu ( Figs 76F , 79F ), posteroventrally in C. yinzhi ( Figs 79D , 80B ), and elements of somatic morphology including abdomen color and shape, and the more distinct division between the cephalic and thoracic regions in C. yinzhi (contrast Fig. 80B with Fig. 83B ).

Description. Carapace orange-brown with small tubercles and sulci. Sternum dark brown. Legs orange. Abdomen subspherical, pale orange, with numerous small sclerotized patches, some baring long setae, male with single orange scutum laterally and posteriorly, female without sclerite around spinnerets ( Fig. 83 ).

Male palp: Median apophysis with two tapered distal processes. Embolus a moderately long, rigid spiral ribbon making a single turn, shape complex, not simply tapered ( Fig. 84A ).

Vulva : Scape projects ventrally ( Figs 76F , 79F ), with narrow distal lobe on wider basal lobe ( Figs 76G , 79E ). Spermathecae separated by half their diameter. Ducts arise from posteromesal part of spermathecae, follow complex path before opening near scape apex ( Fig. 76G ).

Male (CASENT 9022387): Total length 0.73, carapace 0.35 long, 0.34 wide, clypeus 0.11, sternum 0.25 long, 0.24 wide, coxa IV separated by 2.00 times their width. Leg I: patella d1, tibia d2, p1, metatarsus unmodified; Leg II: patella d1, tibia d2, v2, metatarsus excavated proximoventrally; Leg III: patella d1, tibia d1; Leg IV: patella d1, tibia d1. Metatarsal trichobothria: TmI: 0.42; TmII: 0.42; TmIII: absent. Leg measurements: see Appendix A. Spinnerets ( Fig. 85F )

Female (CASENT 9022387): Total length 1.00, carapace 0.41 long, 0.38 wide, clypeus 0.09, sternum 0.25 long, 0.24 wide, coxa IV separated by 1.63 times their width. Leg I: patella d1, tibia d2, p1; Leg II: patella d1, tibia d2; Leg III: patella d1, tibia d1; Leg IV: patella d1, tibia d1. Metatarsal trichobothria: TmI: 0.41; TmII: 0.41; TmIII: absent. Leg measurements: see Appendix A. Spinnerets ( Fig. 85 A-D)

Figures

Figure 76. A, B, Crassignatha pianma sp. n. from Chang Yan He; C, D, Crassignatha yinzhi from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve; E-G, Crassignatha quanqu sp. n. from Bang Bie village; H, I, Crassignatha yamu sp. n. from Yamu He. A, F, epigynum, lateral view; B, D, G, I, cleared vulva, dorsal view; C, E, H, epigynum, ventral view. CD: copulatory duct; S: spermatheca.

Figure 79. SEM, epigynum. A, B, Crassignatha pianma sp. n. from Chang Yan He; C, D, Crassignatha yinzhi from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve; E, F, Crassignatha quanqu sp. n. from Bang Bie village. A, C, E, ventral; B, D, F, lateral, anterior to the right. BL: basal lobe of scape; DL: distal lobe of scape.

Figure 80. Crassignatha yinzhi from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve. A, male, lateral; B, female, lateral; C, female, dorsal; D, female, ventral; E, male leg II, prolateral.

Figure 83. Crassignatha quanqu sp. n. from Bang Bie village. A, male, lateral; B, female, lateral; C, female, dorsal; D, female, ventral; E, male leg II, prolateral.

Figure 84. Crassignatha quanqu sp. n. from Bang Bie village, male palp. A, prolateral; B, retrolateral. CB: cymbium; CT: cymbial tooth; E: embolus; EM: embolic membrane; MA: median apophysis; T: tegulum.

Figure 85. Crassignatha quanqu sp. n. from Bang Bie village, SEM of spinnerets. A-E, female; F, male. A, spinnerets; B, ALS; C, PMS; D, F, PLS; E, base of ALS showing lack of colulus. AC: aciniform gland spigot; AG: aggregate gland spigot; ALS: anterior lateral spinneret; CY: cylindrical gland spigot; FL:flagelliform gland spigot; MAP: major ampullate gland spigot; mAP: minor ampullate gland spigot; n: nubbin; PI: piriform gland spigot; PLS: posterior lateral spinneret; PMS: posterior median spinneret; t: tartipore.

Figure 96. Distribution map, inset map shows study area. Black: Wendilgarda muji sp. n.; yellow: Mysmena changouzi sp. n.; blue: Mysmena bizi sp. n.; red: Mosu huogou sp. n.; purple: Crassignatha quanqu sp. n.; white: Crassignatha gudu sp. n.