Trichoscypha mannii Hook.

Breteler, F. J., 2004, The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision, Adansonia (3) 26 (1), pp. 97-127 : 115-118

11. Trichoscypha mannii Hook. f.

In Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Pl. 1: 423 (1862); Keay

in Hutch. & Dalz., Fl. West Trop. Afr. ed. 2, 1: 736

(1958); Breteler, Adansonia, sér. 3, 23: 261 (2001). —

Type: Mann 941, Equatorial Guinea / Gabon, Gaboon

R., lat. 1°N., ♀ fl. July 1861 (holo-, K!) .

Trichoscypha turbinata Lecomte, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 658 (1906). — Type: Klaine 49, Gabon, near Libreville, juv. fr. July 1896 (holo-, P!).

Trichoscypha longipetala Baker f., in Rendle et al., Cat. Talbot Nig. Plants: 22 (1913); Keay in Hutch. & Dalz., Fl. West Trop. Afr. ed. 2, 1: 736 (1958). — Type: Talbot 1681, Nigeria, Oban, ♀ fl. 1912 (holo-, BM!; iso-, WAG!).

Trichoscypha soyauxii Engl. & Brehmer, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 319 (1917). — Type : Soyaux 379, Gabon, Sibange-Farm, ♀ fl. Sep. 1881 (holo-, B, delet.). Neotype (designated here): Breteler & Van Raalte 5652, Gabon, Gamba, fr. Sep. 1968 (WAG!; iso-, BR!, LBV!).

Trichoscypha subretusa Engl. & Brehmer, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 317 (1917). — Syntypes: Ledermann 629, Cameroun, Ilende, fl. Sep. 1908; Ledermann 908, Cameroun, Nkolebunde, fr. Oct. 1908 (B, delet.). Neotype (designated here): Binuyo & Daramola FHI 35596, Cameroun, Kumba, Ƌ fl. Mar. 1956 ( WAG!; iso-, BR!, K!, P!) .

Trichoscypha gambana Jongkind, Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 63: 224 (1994). — Type: Wieringa 1242, Gabon, Gamba, Ƌ fl. July 1992 (holo-, WAG!; iso-, BR!, LBV, MO!).

Shrub-treelet up to 6 m tall, or tree up to c. 15 m tall, trunk 15 cm dbh, or liana up to at least 25 m high. Leaves up to 17-jugate, up to c. 1 m long, with hispid to pubescent to tomentose petiole and rhachis, the lowest pair of leaflets sometimes close to the stem; leaflets usually papery, ovate-elliptic to oblong lanceolate, (8-)12-20(-27) × (1-)3- 8(12) cm, up to 13 times as long as wide, usually slender-tipped, mostly with long hairs, but sometimes pubescent to tomentose to glabrous or nearly so. Inflorescences (sub)terminal or axillary, shorter than the leaves, hispid or soft-hairy. Flowers (Mar.- Oct.), petals (2.5) 3-5 mm long, usually dark-red. Fruits (May-Dec.) subovoid-ellipsoid, usually beaked, (2-)3-3.5(-4) × 1-1.5 cm, dark-red at maturity, ± densely to sparsely hairy. — Figs 2A ; 9 ; 10.

HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest from Nigeria to Congo (Brazzaville). Alt. up to c. 300 m. Also known from Upper Guinea .

SELECTED SPECIMENS. — CAMEROUN: Binuyo & Daramola FHI 35596, Kumba, fl. Mar. (K!, P!, WAG!); Nemba & Thomas 7, Konye, fl. Apr. (MO!); Tchouto et al. 3050, Mobiogo on Dipikar I., fl. Sep. (WAG!); Tchouto et al. 3253, Massif des Mamelles, fl. Apr. (WAG!); Tchouto et al. ONOX 273, Onoyong, fl. Mar. (WAG!); Zenker 80, Bipindi, fl. Mar. (K!, P!). — CONGO (Brazzaville): Moutsambote & Dowsett- Lemaire 4521, Koubotchi, juv. fr. Sep. (BR!). — GABON: Breteler & Van Raalte 5652, Gamba, fr. Sep. (BR!, LBV!, WAG!); Breteler 5767, 50 km SE Lambaréné, fr. Oct.(WAG!); Breteler et al. 9746, Rabi, near Echira R., ster. Apr. (WAG!); Breteler & Jongkind 10340, Mondah, fr. Nov. (WAG!); Breteler c.s. 15548, Assok road, fl. b. Aug. (LBV!, WAG!); Chevalier 26975, Agonenzorck, fr. Oct. (P!); Klaine 49, Libreville, juv. fr. July (P!); Le Testu 1586 bis, Issala, fr. Oct. (P!); Louis et al. 1311, Waka, fr. Dec. (WAG!); Reitsma c.s. 1359, 40 km SW Doussala, juv. fr. Aug. (WAG!); Reitsma c.s. 2608, Lopé Res., fr. Nov. (LBV!, WAG!). — NIGERIA: Latilo & Oguntayo FHI 67725, Bendiga Ayuk, fr. Feb. (WAG!); Mann 2238, Old Calabar R., fl., fr. (K!, P!); Talbot 1681, Oban, fl. (BM!, WAG!). — CULTA (Netherlands): De Bruijn 1894, Wageningen, seedling (WAG!); Van Veldhuizen 1384, Wageningen, seedling (WAG!).

NOTES. — The variability in shape of the leaflets of Trichoscypha mannii is illustrated in Figure 9 . The type of the synonym T. gambana ( Fig. 9A ) represents one of the extreme leaflet shapes within the species, but its flowers are unmistakably of T. mannii . More or less the same holds for the other synonyms. Neotypes have been designated for two of the synonyms whose original type material was destroyed at Berlin. They were selected taking into account the original description and the origin of types.

12. Trichoscypha nyangensis Pellegr.

Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris 28: 316 (1922). — Type: Le Testu 2034, Gabon, Mobila-Mwirri, Ƌ, ♀ fl. Mar. 1915 (holo-, P!; iso-, BM! (Ƌ), BR! (♀), G! (Ƌ), WAG! (Ƌ, ♀ )) .

Tree c. 12 m tall. Branches, petioles, rhachis, and petiolules appressed-puberulous, more sparsely so on the leaflets beneath. Leaves 7-10- jugate; leaflets coriaceous, opposite to subopposite, oblong-lanceolate, 12-18(-20) × 3.5- 6(-7) cm, midrib impressed above, prominent beneath; margin of leaflets ± revolute; petiolules c. 8-10 mm long. Inflorescence axillary, up to c. 30 cm long. Flowers purplish; calyx, petals outside as well as anthers dark-brown appressedhairy; petals cucculate at apex; anthers of male flowers 3-3.5 mm long, longer than the filaments. Disc and ovary velutinous. Fruits unknown. — Figs 4 ; 11.

HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest in SW Gabon. Only known from the type locality. Alt. below 300 m.

NOTES. — The type specimen of T. nyangensis consists of a mixture of leaves and female as well as male flowers. The collector, LE TESTU, was not certain about the flowers, whether they were: “polygames? dioiques? Je crois plutôt polygames”. More collections with better field observations are needed to see whether T. nyangensis is dioecious like all other members of the genus or not (but see also Notes under T. rubicunda ).

Figures

FIG. 2. — Flowers of Trichoscypha species, one petal removed: A, T. mannii Hook.f.; B, T oddonii De Wild.; C, T. oliveri Engl.; D, T. patens (Oliv.) Engl.; E, T. pauciflora Van der Veken; F, T. reygaertii De Wild.; G, T. rubicunda Lecomte. A1, Versteegh & Den Outer 739; A2, Talbot 1278; B1, J.J. de Wilde 11197; B2, J.J. de Wilde 11196; C1, Tchouto et al. LIKOX 56; C2, Van Andel et al. 3890; D1, Leeuwenberg 5213; D2, Van Andel et al. 4262; E1, Michelson 895; E2, A. Léonard 5154; F1, Breteler et al. 14501; F2, Reygaert 94; G1, Klaine 1080; G2, Klaine 251. Drawing by H. DE VRIES.

FIG. 9. — Leaflet variation in Trichoscypha mannii Hook.f. (lower surfaces except A): A, Breteler et al. 9746; B, Van Bergen & Van den Houten 161; C, D, J.J. de Wilde et al. 9744; E, Breteler & Jongkind 10340; F, Tchouto & Elad BIFAX 66. Drawing by H. DE VRIES.

FIG. 10. — Distribution of Trichoscypha species 11, 13, 15, 18.

FIG. 4. — Distribution of Trichoscypha species 2, 4-9, 12.

FIG. 11. — Trichoscypha nyangensis Pellegr.; A, male flower, one petal removed; B, female flower, one petal removed; C, detail of petiole. Le Testu 2034. Drawing by H. DE VRIES.