Netelia (Bessobates) virgata (Geoffroy)

Konishi, Kazuhiko, 2014, A revision of the subgenus Bessobates of the genus Netelia from Japan (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Tryphoninae), Zootaxa 3755 (4), pp. 301-346 : 335-338

Netelia (Bessobates) virgata (Geoffroy)

( Figs 91–98 , 102–104 )

Ichneumon virgatus Geoffroy, 1785: 401 .

Paniscus virgatus: Gravenhorst, 1829: 625 .

Parabatus virgatus: Thomson, 1888: 1197 ; Uchida, 1928: 195. Paniscus (Parabatus) virgatus: Kokujev, 1899: 152 .

Parabatus amplus Morley, 1913: 131 .

Paniscus (Parabates) virgatus: Uchida, 1934: 112 ; Uchida, 1935: 122. Paniscus (Parabates) virgatus f. nipponensis Uchida, 1934: 113 . Netelia (Parabatus) virgata: Townes, 1938: 217 .

Netelia (Parabatus) ampla: Townes, 1938: 221 .

Netelia (Bessobates) ampla: Townes, Townes & Gupta, 1961: 93 . Netelia (Bessobates) nipponensis: Townes, Momoi & Townes, 1965: 98 (in part). Netelia (Bessobates) virgata: Townes, Momoi & Townes, 1965: 98 ; Delrio, 1975: 68.

♀♂. Head ( Figs 91–94 ) 1.7–1.9 times as wide as long; vertex in dorsal view evenly rounded; occiput and interocellar area polished and impunctate; vertex and gena weakly and finely punctate; geno-orbital index 2.4–2.7; frons impunctate and finely coriaceous, with a weak median longitudinal groove; inner margins of eyes almost parallel; face 1.3–1.5 times as wide as long, sparsely punctate; supraclypeal suture distinct; clypeus 1.9–2.6 times as wide as long, rather more sparsely punctate than face, with apical margin truncate; antenna with 42–47 flagellomeres, 1st flagellomere 1.3–1.4 times as long as 2nd, 2nd 2.5–2.9 times as long as wide.

Mesosoma ( Figs 95, 96 ): mesoscutum 1.1–1.3 times as long as wide; scutellum 1.3–1.5 times as long as distance between lateral carinae at its base, lateral carina fading out beyond middle of scutellum; propodeum transstriate on median portion, with sublateral crest absent and represented by swelling.

Fore tibial spur 0.5 times as long as 1st tarsomere, which is 7.7–9.1 times as long as wide; fore tarsal claw with 12 (♀) and 14–19 (♂) pectines; hind tarsal claw with 10–13 pectines.

Fore wing ( Fig. 97 ) with areolet petiolate or pointed above; cu-a distad Rs&M by 1/10 – 1/4 of cu-a length, slightly curved or almost straight, vertical or slightly reclivous; hind wing ( Fig. 98 ) with 6–9 distal hamuli; nervellar index 0.3–0.5.

Metasoma with 1st tergum 2.9–3.3 times as long as apical width and 1.5–1.6 times as long as 2nd; ovipositor as long as apical depth of metasoma; male subgenital plate ( Fig. 102 ) short with apical margin weakly convex; paramere ( Fig. 103 ) with subapical portions of dorsal and ventral margins emarginate; digitus rounded off on dorso-apical corner, ventro-apical corner with 2–3 teeth; subapical portion of membrane of median surface with long strip of minutely papillate cuticle in middle; pad small, situated at apical 1/5 of paramere near ventral margin; median subapical sclerotized plate produced anteriorly to form a broad overhang; penis valve ( Fig. 104 ) slender, tapered toward apex and weakly curved ventrally; basal apodeme of aedeagus strongly curved dorsally.

Head yellow; occiput brownish-yellow to brown; in some specimens, posterior half of interocellar area brown; in some specimens, lower face with a brown spot on median dorsal portion; antenna reddish-yellow. Mesosoma yellow; mesoscutum with blackish-brown stripes on each of median and lateral lobes and a blackish-brown spot behind median stripe, or mesoscutum entirely blackish-brown in some specimens; mesosternum brown to blackishbrown; in some specimens, scutellum, markings on mesopleuron and anterior portion of propodeum brown to blackish-brown. Legs yellow; in some specimens, hind coxa except tip and hind femur except base and tip brown; hind tarsus whitish-yellow. Wings hyaline and tinged with yellow; vein C and pterostigma of fore wing brownishyellow or brown; other veins brown to blackish-brown. Metasoma yellow to blackish-brown; 1st and 2nd sterna and 2nd epipleurum yellow to brownish-yellow.

Length of fore wing: 9.7–13.8 mm.

Specimens examined. [Hokkaido] 1♂, Mt. Rausudake, Shiretoko, 23. vi. 1967 (T. Naito), MNHA; 1♂, Shiretoko, Iwaubetsu, 22. vi. 1967 (T. Saigusa), MNHA; 1♂, Mt. Daisetsu, 4-10. viii. 1926 (Uchida & Kano), SEHU; 1♂, Aizankei, Taisetsuzan, Kamikawa, 18. vii. 1963 (A. Nakanishi), MNHA; 1♂, Taisetsuzan, Kamikawa, 20. vii. 1968 (M. Suwa), SEHU; 1♂, Kurodake, Taisetsuzan, Kamikawa, 8. viii. 1937 (K. Yasumatsu), KUEC; 1♂, Mt. Furanodake, 30. viii. 1971 (M. Suwa, at light), SEHU; 1♂, Torinoshita, Furano, 29. ix–3. x. 1993, (K. Suzuki et al., at light), NIAES; 1♂, Horoka, Kamishihoro, Tokachi, 2. vii. 1980 (H. Takemoto), NIAES; 1♂, Urimaku, Shikaoi, Tokachi, 24–26. viii. 1981 (Y. Syono), NIAES; 1♂, Jozankei, Sapporo, 27. ix. 1967 (K. Kusigemati), KUIC; 9♂, Soranuma, Sapporo, 19. viii. 1964 (S. Suzuki), KUIC; 4♂, Nissho-tôge, Hidaka, 1. viii. 1986 (S. Nomura, at light), NIAES. [Honshu] Aomori Pref.: 1♂, Tsuta, Towadako, 6. viii. 1992 (T. Ichita), NIAES. Iwate Pref.: 1♂, Chausudake (1200 m), Hachimantai, 11–12. viii. 1979 (I. Kanazawa), NIAES; 1♂, Mt. Hachimantai (summit), 11–12. viii. 1977 (I. Kanazawa, at light), NIAES; 3♂, Kawaranobo, Mt. Hayachine, 15–16. vii. 1985 (K. Konishi et al., at light), NIAES; 1♂, Geto-onsen, 30. ix. 1992 (M. Yoshida), NIAES. Miyagi Pref.: 2♂, Futakuchikeikoku, Akiu, 12. vii. 1985 (K. Konishi et al., at light), NIAES. Fukushima Pref.: 1♂, Kawairi, Iide Mts., Yamato, 24. x. 1992 (K. Konishi, at light), NIAES; 2♂, Mt. Aizukomagatake, 6–7. ix. 1986 (S. Saito, at light), NIAES; 2♂, Mt. Tashiroyama, Tateiwa, 29. viii. 1992 (M. Yoshida, at light), NIAES. Niigata Pref.: 1♂, Tsubame spa, 15. viii. 1981 (K. Baba), NIAES. Ishikawa Pref.: 1♂ (1300–1500 m, 12. vi. 1993) and 1♂ (1700– 1900 m, 23. vi. 1994), Mt. Hakusan, (I. Togashi), NIAES. Tochigi Pref.: 5♂, Tashiroyama-rindô, Kuriyama, 7. viii. 1993 (M. Yoshida, at light), NIAES; 1♂, Yunishigawa (1220 m), 20. viii. 1988 (M. Hayashi, at light), NIAES; 1♂ (28. viii. 1983) & 1♂ (21. vii. 1986, at light), Nikkozawa, Okukinu, (H. Makihara), NIAES; 1♂, Numahara, Okukinu, 23. viii. 1986 (S. Yoshimatsu, at light), NIAES; 1♂, Yumoto, Okunikko, 8. viii. 1980 (K. Konishi, at light), NIAES; 1♂, Nikko, 16. ix. 1986 (S. Yoshimatsu, at light), NIAES. Ibaraki Pref.: 4♂, Mt. Yamizosan, 22. viii. 1992 (K. Konishi, at light), NIAES. Gunma Pref.: 1♂, Mt. Tanikawadake, 9. viii. 1966 (J. Minamikawa), NIAES; 2♂, Hatomachi-tôge, 19. viii. 1967 (K. Ogura), NIAES; 1♂, Minamiakagi, 10. vii. 1989 (I. Hattori, at light), NIAES. Nagano Pref.: 1♂ (9. vii. 1963, T. Saigusa, MNHA), 1♂ (4. vii. 1964, T. Naito, MNHA) & 2♂ (26– 28. viii. 1967, H. Higuchi, KUIC), Karasawa; 1♂, Togakushi-kôgen (1500 m), 24. ix. 1978 (T. Gotô), MNHA. Yamanashi Pref.: 1♂, Masutomi, Kanaya, 4. vi. 1975 (J. Emoto), MNHA; 1♂, Kiyosato, 29–31. viii. 1970 (H. Inoue), KUIC. Shizuoka Pref.: 1♂, Mt. Fuji (1400m), Gotenba, 3. vii. 1970 (R. Nakano), NIAES. Gifu Pref.: 1♂, Hikagedaira, Takayama, 21. vii. 1981 (T. Tanabe), NIAES. Aichi Pref.: 1♂, Uradani, Kitashitara, 13. ix. 1974 (S. Ohkusa), ZLMU; 1♂, Mt. Rokushosan, 29. iv. 1976 (J. Emoto, at light), MNHA. Nara Pref.: 1♀ (holotype of nipponensis ), Odaigahara, 4–6. vii. 1932 (C. Teranishi), SEHU. Hiroshima Pref.: 1♂, Mt. Garyuzan, 27. vi. 1987 (S. Nomura), NIAES. [Shikoku] Tokushima Pref.: 1♂, Meotoike (1350 m), Mt. Tsurugisan, 17. ix. 1986 (M. T. Chûjô et al., at light), TKPM. Ehime Pref.: 2♂, Jyojusha (1300 m), Mt. Ishizuchisan, 4. viii. 1983 (K. Konishi, at light), NIAES. Kochi Pref.: 4♂, Nishikuma, Mononobe, 9. vii. 2000 (I. Yamashita, at light), NIAES; 4♂ (20. vii. 2000) & 3♂ (4. viii. 2000), Tengu-kôgen, Higashitsuno, (I. Yamashita, at light), NIAES; 1♂ (22. vii. 1989), 1♂ (29. vii. 1990), 1♂ (1. vii. 2000) & 1♂ (16. vii. 2000), Teragawa, Hongawa, (I. Yamashita, at light), NIAES. [Kyushu] Oita Pref.: 6♂ (7–10. viii. 1982, K. Hirano) & 1♂ (7–10. viii. 1982, R. Noda), Mt. Daisenzan, Mts. Kuju, NIAES; 1♂ (11. v. 1982, A. Tanakamaru) & 1♂ (17. viii. 1985, R. Noda et al., at light), Mt. Kurodake, Mts. Kuju, NIAES. Kumamoto Pref.: 3♂ (20–29. vi. 1978), 6♂ (1–9. vii. 1978), 4♂ (10. viii. 1978) & 1♂ (11–24. viii. 1978), Mt. Asosan, (K. Yamagishi, light trap), KUEC; 3♂, Kusasenri, Mt. Asosan, 10. vii. 1983 (S. Yoshimatsu et al., at light), NIAES; 1♂, Shiiya-tôge, 26. vii. 1985 (K. Konishi et al., at light), NIAES; 1♂, Mt. Shiragadake, 5. ix. 1992 (R. Noda, at light), NIAES; 2♂ (26–27. v. 1978, K. Ôhara, MNHA), 1♂ (9. vii. 1978, T. Saigusa, MNHA), 1♂ (9 – 10. vii. 1978, K. Maeto, MNHA), 1♂ (13. v. 1980, N. Kôda, NIAES), 10♂ (12. v. 1983, N. Kôda et al., at light, NIAES), 3♂ (12. v. 1983, K. Ôhara, at light, NIAES), 4♂ (13. v. 1983, N. Kôda et al., at light, NIAES), 4♂ (13. v. 1983, K. Ôhara, at light, NIAES), 2♂ (19. vii. 1983, N. Kôda et al., at light, NIAES), 1♂ (26. viii. 1983, K. Konishi et al., at light, NIAES) & 4♂ (19. ix. 1992, R. Noda, at light, NIAES), Mt. Shiratoriyama (1300 m).

Distribution. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Palaearctic region, India (?).

Remarks. This species was recorded and its male genitalia were figured from the western Palearctic region ( Delrio, 1975), Russia ( Tolkanitz, 1974), Ukraine (Tolkanitz, 1989), India ( Kaur and Jonathan, 1979) and Korea ( Cha and Lee, 1988). Among these publications, judging from the figures of the paramere, at least the specimens figured by Tolkanitz (1974, 1989), Kaur and Jonathan (1979) and Cha and Lee (1988) are thought not to be virgata but probably pallescens , because their pads are situated equidistant from the dorsal and ventral margins. Thus, virgata and its allied species in Russia, India and Korea are in needed of revision.

Although Tolkanitz (1981a) synonymized Paniscus (Parabates) virgatus f. odaiensis Uchida, 1934 and Paniscus (Parabates) virgatus f. nipponensis Uchida, 1934 with virgata , these synonyms are uncertain because her identification of virgata is unreliable. The female holotype of nipponensis possesses the blackish brown mesoscutum and mesosternum, the evenly rounded vertex in dorsal view and the relatively long gena (geno-orbital index 2.7). Thus, nipponensis can be a synonym of virgata as treated by Tolkanitz (1981a). However, the female holotype of odaiensis possesses the following characters: mesosternum brownish yellow; cu-a of fore wing vertical, nervellar index 0.4; propodeum without sublateral crest; length of fore wing 12.6 mm. These characters are shared with nodai , yakushimensis , pallescens and yamatoensis , and these species can be distinguished only by characters of the male genitalia. Consequently, odaiensis is left as a species incertae sedis.

Figures

FIGURES 91 – 96. Males of Netelia (Bessobates) virgata. 91, 93, Head in dorsal view; 92, 94, head in frontal view; 95, 96, mesosoma in dorsal view; 91, 92, 95, most strongly pigmented male; 93, 94, 96, most weakly pigmented male.

FIGURES 97 – 98. Wings of male of Netelia (Bessobates) virgata. 97, Fore wing; 98, hind wing.

FIGURES 99 – 104. Male subgenital plate and genitalia of Netelia (Bessobates) spp. 99 – 101, Netelia (Bessobates) pallescens; 102 – 104, N. (B.) virgata; 99, 102, subgenital plate; 100, 103, paramere in mesal view; 101, 104, aedeagus in lateral view.