Cameraria landryi De Prins, 2012

Prins, Jurate De & Kawahara, Akito Y., 2012, Systematics, revisionary taxonomy, and biodiversity of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), Zootaxa 3594 (1), pp. 1-283 : 44-46

7. Cameraria landryi De Prins , new species

( Figs 6 , 29, 30 , 124 , 154–156 , 299 , 361 , 443 , 447 )

Diagnosis. The forewing markings do not exhibit distinctive characters separating this species from Cameraria varii , but C. landryi is clearly defined by a unique combination of genitalia characters. The male genitalia are easily diagnosed by a well developed tubular juxta, broad, tapering densely setose valva, clifted vinculum, and sternum VIII with two lateral shallow emarginations. Based on the female genitalia, C. landryi can be distinguished from the remaining Afrotropical Cameraria species by the location of ostium bursae in depth of shallow emargination of segment VII. Short and narrow antrum easily separates this species from C. varii and C. fara .

Holotype: ♂, [1] ‘Congo Dem. Rep. [ Democratic Republic of the Congo] / Bas Congo 320 m / Nat[ure]. Res[erve]. Luki-Mayumbe / 05°37’S 013°05’E / 23.v.2007 / leg. J. & W. De Prins’; [2] ‘Gen. Prep. 3706♂ / De Prins’; [3] ‘MRAC/KMMA / 00417’; specimen ID: [4] ‘ RMCA ENT 000004448 ’; [5] ‘DNA leg voucher / AK-07- 087’, in UM-SI; [6] ‘ Holotype ♂ / Cameraria / landryi / De Prins, 2012 ’, in RMCA .

Paratypes: 4♂ and 2♀ (including 2♂ and 1♀ genitalia preparations). Democratic Republic of the Congo: 1♂, Bas Congo, 320 m, Nat[ure] Res[erve] Luki-Mayumbe, 05°37’S 013°05’E, 16.v.2007, leg. J. & W. De Prins, specimen IDs: RMCA ENT 000004450, in RMCA, 1♂, same locality data, 22.v.2007, in BMNH. 2♂, Bas-Congo, 250 m, Luki-Mayumbe Nat.[ure] Res.[erve], 5°27’S 13°5’E, 29.xi.2008, leg. J. & W. De Prins, gen. prep. De Prins 3755♂, 3756♂ (MRAC/KMMA 00488, 00489), descaled head prep. MRAC/KMMA 00529, specimen IDs: RMCA ENT 000005201–000005202, in RMCA. 2♀, Bas Congo, 320 m, Nat.[ure] Res.[erve] Luki-Mayumbe, 05°27’S 013°05’E, 22.iii.2007, leg. J. & W. De Prins, gen. prep. De Prins 3705♀ (MRAC/KMMA 00416), specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000003294, 000003296, in RMCA, DNA voucher CLV16107, CLV16307, in CCDB .

Description. Adult ( Figs 29, 30 , 124 ). Forewing length: 2.2–2.4 mm.

Head: Vertex slightly tufted projecting ventro-anteriorly with pale-ochreous shiny scales intermixed with darker ochreous; occiput with tufted pale ochreous scales without shine, with a suffusion of a few white scales; frons smooth, shiny white, lateral part consisting of very long white piliform scales reaching from base of antenna to palpus, with some rough scales on clypeus near palpus. Maxillary palpus white, very small. Labial palpus white, drooping, first palpomere with a few small shiny ochreous scales laterally, terminal palpore sharp caudally, directed downwards. Haustellum median, curved. Antenna as long as forewing, consisting of 39–40 flagellomeres, dorsally first basal flagellomere with dark brown elongate scales at apex forming a broad ring, each median flagellomere with dark fuscous apical 3/4 and light ochreous base, apical flagellomeres with 1–5 basal stout fuscous scales, last two terminal flagellomeres dirty white; ventrally flagellum pale ochreous; scape pale ochreous with 6–8 dirty white pecten of different length; pedicel pale beige.

Thorax: Shiny ochreous with overlapping shading of pale ochreous at median and posterior sectors; tegulae shiny ochreous with slightly darker anterior sector. Forewing ground colour ochreous with dirty white/black markings consisting of three transverse fasciae, one costal patch and one dorsal strigula and marked blackishfuscous at tornus; short irregular dorsal strigula close to base edged apically by 1–2 rows of black scales running slightly oblique to midline of forewing, first narrow oblique dirty white fascia at 1/4 of forewing, broadly apically edged by black irregularly distributed scales, second fascia at 1/2 of dorsum running towards apex, angled subcostally, width of second fascia is twice broader at costa than at dorsum, irroration of blackish fuscous scales round tip of subcostal angle of second fascia, forming dark ochreous fuscous patch at midline of forewing, brightly white triangular costal patch at 3/4 of forewing, apically edged by narrow row of black scales followed by fuscous patch situated between first costal patch and third fascia; third fascia runs along termen with brightly white and broad costal part, dirty white narrow median part and almost indistinct dorsal part (hardly visible in three specimens), apically edged by irregularly distributed black scales which overlap by transition to fuscous scales numerously present at apical part of forewing, termen area richly covered by dark fuscous scales, tornus ochreous with golden shine; indistinct dark fuscous fringeline runs along termen, but not at tornus, no fuscous-tipped scales present at tornus. Hindwings dirty white with golden shine along costal margin; fringe darker than hindwing long grey from base to middle of hindwing and 1/3 shorter pale grey at apical half, apex of hindwing surrounded by short dirty white fringe with silver shine. Fore femur dark fuscous at basal 1/2 with transition to ochreous at subapex, pure ochreous apical part, fore tibia ochreous, irrorated with numerous tiny dark fuscous scales at basal ⅔ and dark fuscous at apical ⅓, tarsomeres I–IV dark fuscous, terminal tarsomere dirty white with dark fuscous base; mid-femur pale ochreous, mid-tibia dirty white ventrally dirty white dorsally with three blackish patches, small at base, median medially and large one subapically, tibial spurs dirty white with dark fuscous tips and a small dark fuscous median spots, tarsus with three blackish rings: subbasal narrow, median and subapical broadly ringed, tarsomere I white with fuscous median patch and fusous apex, tarsomere II dark fuscous with white apex, tarsomere III white with fuscous apex, tarsomeres IV entirely fuscous, tarsomere V white with blackish base and apex; hind femur shiny pale ochreous, hind tibia shiny pale ochreous at basal ⅓ and blackish fuscous at apical ⅔ with tufted fuscous tipped long piliform scales, medial spurs long pale ochreous with fuscous clouds medially, apical spurs shiny pale ochreous white with blackish subapex; tarsus white with two blackish small spots basally and two blackish rings: narrow medially and broad subapically, tarsomere I white with blackish median spot and apex, tarsomere II white with blackish base and apex, tarsomere III blackish, tarsomeres IV white with blackish base, tarsomere V white with dark fuscous tip.

Abdomen: Dark fuscous dorsally, pale ochreous ventrally, genital segments whitish ochreous. Sternum VIII of male middle size broad, trapeziform, squamose, shallow emarginated lateral subbasally and with gently rounded apex bearing a few long setae.

Male genitalia ( Figs. 154–156 ). Tegumen moderately sclerotized, elongate subconical, ca. 330 µm in lnegth, slightly shorter than valva, tegumenal arms narrow, strongly sclerotized to ⅔, and extending parallel at subapex, apex blunt, squamose with spinulose subpapical area, crossed by narrow suture at apex, with a pair of apical setae of ca. 90 µm long. Valvae symmetrical, slightly longer than tegumen, ca. 375 µm long, rather broad, sinuating, basal 1 / 5 slightly enlarged, setae free, costal margin sinuates as broad parabol, ventral margin almost straight, cucullus bluntly narrowed, lateral surface except basal densely covered with tubercles bearing long (as long as width of valva) setae. Vinculum small narrow, cleft by juxta, composed of two short triangular parts facing each other medially, saccus short, as 90 µm long, cleft by juxta. Transtilla incomplete with bases of valval costae narrowly produced, but not connected with each other, anellus developed, tubular, strongly sclerotized with slender cylindrical basal part and broad terminal part. Aedoeagus rather long, slightly longer than valve, ca. 400 µm in length, with well dilated coecum part, sharply tapering apically with acute vesica; vesica with thick broad ridge invaginated into aedoeagus.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 299 ). Papillae anales flat, very short, not protruding caudally, ringed by basal bar, with abundant long setation as long ca. 160 µm along thickly sclerotized caudal surface and tuberculosae basal bar. Posterior apophyses rather short, ca. 190 µm long, slightly widened at subcaudal part, parallel to each other, reaching beyond ostium bursae, slightly into segment VII. Segment VIII short, weakly united with segment VII, without sclerotized connection ventrally bearing rectangular basal extensions of bases of anterior apophyses. Anterior apophyses slightly longer than posterior, ca. 240 µm long, slender, sharply narrowing towards pointed apex, parallel to each other and slightly broadend at bases, weaker sclerotized than posterior apohyses, reaching subanterior part of segment VII. Segment VII relatively short, more or less rectangular, posterior margin of segment VII squamose, shallow emarginated. Ostium bursae opening at depth of shallow emargination located at posterior margin of segment VII, sterigma small, simple shaped, lamella antevaginalis narrow small wrinkled fold; antrum short, melanized tube-shaped crossed by a small cuticle fold (plate) at anterior part of antrum. Ductus bursae of medium length and girth, almost as long as segment VII, unsclerotized, enlarged distally smoothly transiting to corpus bursae. Corpus bursae elongate-oval, ductus bursae + corpus bursae ca. 1.0 mm in lnegth, with gently rounded caudal part, bearing one strongly sclertotized oval signum area crossed by strongly sclerotized needle-like signum ca. 60 µm long, second signum area round, light squamose ot caudal sector of corpus bursae without conspicuous sclerotized signum. Ductus spermathecae almost as long as ductus bursae, membranous with more or less compact 27-28 convolutions, vesica small, rounded.

DNA sequences. Sequence data are available for COI (Molecular sample codes and GenBank numbers: Came: CAD [ JN125055 ], enolase [ JN125137 ], ACC [ JN125022 ]; COI: [ JX888171 ], Cland1 [ JX888172 ], Cland2 [ JX888173 ] Table S1 ).

Etymology. This species is named in honour of Bernard Landry, Lepidoptera specialist at the Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Genève, for his kind supervision and valuable advice extended to the first author over many years.

Habitat. C entral African primary rain forest ( Figs 443 , 447 ).

Host plant(s). Unknown.

Flight period. Adults have been collected from late March to late May.

Distribution. ( Fig. 361 ). Known only from the type locality in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Figures

FIGURES 5–10. Adult head morphology of the Afrotropical Lithocolletinae genera. 5, Neolithocolletis nsengai, descaled head prep. MRAC/KMMA 00537. 6, Cameraria landryi, descaled head prep. MRAC/KMMA 00529. 7, Phyllonorycter grewiaecola, descaled head prep. MRAC/KMMA 00532. 8, Phyllonorycter hibiscina, descaled head prep. MRAC/KMMA 00531. 9, Cremastobombycia solidaginis, descaled head prep. De Prins 3791. 10, Porphyrosela teramni, descaled head prep. MRAC/KMMA 00433.

FIGURES 27–32. Adults. Scale bar 1 mm. 27, Cameraria hexalobina, ♀, DRC, Bas-Congo, Luki-Mayumbe NR, 05.iv.2006, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000003295. 28, Cameraria fara, holotype ♀, Cameroon, Faro riverside, 27.xi.2003, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000003284. 29, Cameraria landryi, holotype ♂, DRC, Bas-Congo, Luki-Mayumbe NR, 23.v.2007, leg. J. & W. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000004448. 30, Cameraria landryi, paratype ♂, DRC, Bas- Congo, Luki-Mayumbe NR, 16.v.2007, leg. J. & W. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000004450. 31, Cameraria varii, holotype ♂, South Africa, Pretoria, 30.x.1968, leg. L. Vári, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000004276. 32, Cameraria varii, paratype ♀, South Africa, Pretoria, 07.xi.1968, leg. L. Vári, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000004277.

FIGURES 123–131. Diagnostic characters in hind legs between congeneric Afrotropical Lithocolletinae species. 123, Cameraria fara, hind tarsus white with a brownish spot subbasally and two blackish rings: narrow medially and broad subapically, tarsomere V white. 124, Cameraria landryi, hind tarsus white with two blackish small spots basally and two blackish rings: narrow medially and broad subapically, tarsomere V white with dark fuscous tip. 125, Cameraria varii, hind tarsus white with a blackish small spot basally and three blackish rings of median width, tarsomere V white. 126, Phyllonorycter encaeria, hind tarsomeres I–III with faint fuscous subapical patches. 127, Phyllonorycter lantanae, hind tarsomere I with subbasal and subapical dark fuscous patches, tarsomere II with dark fuscous apical half, tarsomere III with a dark fuscous basal half. 128, Phyllonorycter anchistea, hind tarsomere I dotted. 129, Phyllonorycter melanosparta, hind tarsomere I not dotted. 130, Phyllonorycter hibiscina, hind tarsomere I white with a dark fuscous apex. 131, Phyllonorycter pavoniae, hind tarsomere I with a faint subapical ochreous patch.

FIGURES 151–156. Male genitalia. Scale bar 100 µm. 151–153, Cameraria hexalobina, holotype, the drawing is made by Willy De Prins after the genitalia prep. Vári 6927, in TMSA. 151, ventral view. 152, sternum VIII. 153, aedoeagus. 154–156, Cameraria landryi, holotype, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00417, in RMCA. 154, ventral view. 155, sternum VIII. 156, aedoeagus.

FIGURES 298–299. Female genitalia. Scale bar 200 µm. 298, Cameraria fara, holotype, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00395, in RMCA. 299, Cameraria landryi, paratype, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00416, in RMCA.

FIGURES 356–366. Distribution of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae species. 356, Hyloconis luki. 357, Neolithocolletis mayumbe. 358, Neolithocolletis nsengai. 359, Cameraria hexalobina. 360, Cameraria fara. 361, Cameraria landryi. 362, Cameraria varii. 363, Cameraria perodeaui. 364, Cameraria sokoke. 365, Cameraria zaira. 366, Cameraria torridella.

FIGURES 441–445. Habitats of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae species. 441, Kakamega Forest, Kenya, April 2003. The habitat is the most eastern relict of the Guineo-Congolian rainforest. 442, Faro River area, Cameroon, May 2005. The habitat is a repeatedly burned savannah and bush land. 443, Mayumbe Forest, Democratic Republic of the Congo, May 2007. The habitat is an undisturbed primary rain forest. 444, Nyungwe Forest, Rwanda, August 2008. The habitat is a montane rain forest. 445, Morogoro are, Tanzania, July 2009. The habitat is variable: transitional dry lowland /submontane woodland.

FIGURES 446–447. Contributors to this study. 446, from left: Lajos Vári, Jurate De Prins and Willy De Prins in the Lepidoptera collection of the Ditsong National Museum of Natural History (formerly Transvaal Museum), Pretoria, South Africa, 20 November, 2004. 447, from left: Akito Kawahara, Jurate De Prins, Willy De Prins and local forest guide in Mayumbe Forest, Democratic Republic of the Congo after 8 hours of tracking, 23 May 2007.