Phyllonorycter rhynchosiae (Vari, 1961)

Prins, Jurate De & Kawahara, Akito Y., 2012, Systematics, revisionary taxonomy, and biodiversity of Afrotropical Lithocolletinae (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), Zootaxa 3594 (1), pp. 1-283 : 137-138

Key to the species of rhynchosiae group based on external characters

1. Fascia at 1/2 of forewing broad, basally angulated............................................................ 3

– Fascia at 1/2 of forewing narrow, crossing forewing either almost straight or sinuating towards apex of forewing.......... 3

2. Median fascia strongly angulated basally and apically......................................................... 5

– Median fascia angulated only basally and running almost straight apically ( Figs 101, 102, 103 , 107, 108 ).................................................................................. 51. fletcheri *, 52. gozmanyi *, 56. pavoniae *

3. Apex of forewing with narrow horizontal white streak initiating at termen of forewing and reaching the tips of basal and costal strigulae situated opposite each other at 3/4 of forewing ( Figs 99, 100 )...................................50. farensis

– Apex of forewing with white apical spot located at a distance from other white markings of forewing................... 4

4. Narrow median fascia crosses forewing almost straight, apical part of forewing densely irrorated with black scales ( Fig. 106 )........................................................................................... 55. ocimellus

– Narrow median fascia with a turn towards apex, apical part of forewing without black area ( Fig. 104 ).......... 53. maererei

5. Median fascia and subapical strigulae finely edged with one row of black scales, fringe line absent ( Figs 109, 110 )..57. rhynchosiae

– Median fascia and subapical strigulae strongly edged with double row of black scales, fringe line present ( Fig. 105 )..... 54. mwatawalai

* for species identification please refer to the characters of male and female genitalia.

Key to males of the rhynchosiae group based on genitalia*

1. Horizontal part of transtilla very broad, half crescent-shaped, saccus ca. 3× longer than valva, aedoaegus ca. 4× longer than valva ( Figs 257–258 )...........................................................................50. farensis

– Transtilla highly sclerotized but H-shaped with long proximal arms, saccus and aedoeagus are not longer than 2× of valval length............................................................................................... 2

2. Valval projection stretches along entire ventral valval surface ( Figs 262–264 )............................ 52. gozmanyi

– Valval projection attached to ventral margin of valva is not longer than 1/2 of ventral margin of valva................... 3

3. Valval projection attached to sacculus area.................................................................. 4

– Valval projection attached to subapical part of ventral surface of valva............................................ 5

4. Valval projection narrow, long digitate, straight; saccus ca. as long as valva; aedoeagus bent, slightly longer than valva, shorter than 1.5× valval length ( Figs 271–272 )...........................................................56. pavoniae

– Valval projection hooked, hockey stick-shaped, saccus slightly longer than valva, aedoaegus straight, ca. 2× longer than valva ( Figs 265–267 ).............................................................................. 53. maererei

5. Valva broad with sharply acuminating apex, ventral valval projection with sharp apex, proximal arms of transtilla longer than horizontal bar ( Figs 268–270 ).................................................................. 55. ocimellus

– Valva of medium width or narrow, with acuminating but gently rounded apex, ventral valval projection harp or trapezoid shaped with rounded angles, horizontal bar of transtilla longer than proximal arms.................................. 6

6. Valva 4.7× longer than broad, valval ventral projection harp-shaped, saccus ca. 1.4× longer than valva, the ratio aedoeagus / saccus 1.4 ( Figs 273–274 )................................................................... 57. rhynchosiae

– Valva 2.7× longer than broad, valval ventral projection trapezoid shaped, saccus ca. 1.1–1.2 longer than valva, the ratio aedoeagus / saccus 1.7 ( Figs 259–261 )................................................................ 51. fletcheri

* male genitalia of P. mwatawalai are unknown.

Key to females of the rhynchosiae group based on genitalia*

1. Posterior apophyses longer than anterior apophyses........................................................... 2

– Posterior apophyses ca. as long as anterior apophyses......................................................... 3

2. Corpus bursae consisting of two sectors, signum membranous, semirounded area set with short spines, larger corpus bursae itself, stellate signum set with 5 fine spines in middle and with 14 broad marginal dentate rays ( Fig. 345 )...... 55. ocimellus

– Corpus bursae consisting of one part, oval membranous area, set with short and fine spines smaller than corpus bursae, stellate signum with 11 small spines in middle and 11 fine dentate rays ( Figs 347, 348 )......................... 57. rhynchosiae

3. Stellate signum on corpus bursae with more than 20 marginal dentate rays ( Figs 342 , 343 )...... 50. farensis ; 52. gozmanyi **

– Stellate signum on corpus bursae with less than 20 marginal dentate rays.......................................... 4

4. Stellate signum on corpus bursae with ca. 16 marginal dentate rays ( Fig. 346 ).............................56. pavoniae

– Stellate signum on corpus bursae with ca. 9–10 marginal dentate rays ( Fig. 344 )....................... 54. mwatawalai

* female genitalia of P. fletcheri and P. maererei unknown

** female genitalia of P. farensis and P. gozmanyi are indistinguishable. Please refer to the male genitalia for identification.

Figures

FIGURES 99–104. Adults. Scale bar 1 mm. 99, Phyllonorycter farensis, holotype ♂, Cameroon, North Province, Faro riverside, 24.xi.2003, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: 000002948. 100, Phyllonorycter farensis, paratype ♂, Cameroon, North Province, Faro riverside, 25.xi.2003, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: 000002962. 101, Phyllonorycter fletcheri, holotype ♂, Uganda, Rwenzori Mountains, Ibanda, 12.ix.1952, leg. D.S. Fletcher, in BMNH. 102, Phyllonorycter gozmanyi, holotype ♂, Cameroon, North Province, Faro riverside, 29.xi.2003, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: 000002959. 103, Phyllonorycter gozmanyi, holotype ♂, Cameroon, North Province, Faro riverside, 01.xii.2003, leg. J. De Prins, specimen ID: 000002960. 104, Phyllonorycter maererei, holotype ♂, Tanzania, Morogoro, 13.vii.2009, leg. J. & W. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005330.

FIGURES 105–110. Adults. Scale bar 1 mm. 105, Phyllonorycter mwatawalai, holotype ♀, Tanzania, Morogoro, 14.vii.2009, leg. J. & W. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005331. 106, Phyllonorycter ocimellus, holotype ♂, Kenya, Taita Hills, mine 09.iv.2001, leg. J. & W. De Prins, specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000003353. 107, Phyllonorycter pavoniae, holotype 6391♂, South Africa, Chipise, 28.v.1953, leg. L. Vári, in TMSA. 108, Phyllonorycter pavoniae, ♂, South Africa, Kruger National Park, Punda Milia, 18–30.v.1975, in TMSA. 109, Phyllonorycter rhynchosiae, holotype 6379♂, South Africa, Pretoria, 14.iii.1949, leg. L. Vári, in TMSA. 110, Phyllonorycter rhynchosiae, paratype 6390♂, South Africa, Hartebeestpoort, 11.ii.1955, leg. L. Vári, in TMSA.

FIGURES 257–258. Male genitalia. Scale bar 100 µm. Phyllonorycter farensis, holotype, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00279, in RMCA. 257, ventral view. 258, aedoeagus.

FIGURES 259–264. Male genitalia. Scale bar 100 µm. 259–261, Phyllonorycter fletcheri, holotype, genitalia prep. De Prins 3653, in BMNH. 259, ventral view. 260, sternum VIII. 261, aedoeagus. 262–264, Phyllonorycter gozmanyi, holotype, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00278, in RMCA. 262, ventral view. 263, aedoeagus. 264, sternum VIII.

FIGURES 271–274. Male genitalia. Scale bar 100 µm. 271–272, Phyllonorycter pavoniae, holotype, the drawing is made by Willy De Prins after the genitalia prep. Vári 7140, in TMSA. 271, lateral view. 272, aedoeagus.273–274, Phyllonorycter rhynchosiae, paratype, the drawing is made by Willy De Prins after the genitalia prep. Vári 7498, in TMSA. 273, lateral view. 274, aedoeagus.

FIGURES 265–270. Male genitalia. Scale bar 100 µm. 265–267, Phyllonorycter maererei, paratype, genitalia prep. De Prins 3718, in ZMUC. 265, ventral view. 266, sternum VIII. 267, aedoeagus. 268–270, Phyllonorycter ocimellus, paratype, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00349, in RMCA. 268, ventral view. 269, sternum VIII. 270, aedoeagus.

FIGURES 345–346. Female genitalia. Scale bar 200 µm. 345, Phyllonorycter ocimellus, paratype, genitalia prep. MRAC/ KMMA 00353, in RMCA. 346, Phyllonorycter pavoniae, paratype, the drawing is made by Willy De Prins after the genitalia prep. Vári 7497, in TMSA.

FIGURES 347–349. Female genitalia. Scale bar 200 µm. 347–348, Phyllonorycter rhynchosiae, paratype, the drawing is made by Willy De Prins after the genitalia prep. Vári 7123, in TMSA. 347, segments VII–X, lateral view. 348, corpus bursae. 349, Phyllonorycter ruwenzori, paratype, genitalia prep. 32534, in BMNH.

FIGURES 340–342. Female genitalia. Scale bar 200 µm. 340–341, Phyllonorycter obandai, genitalia prep. De Prins 3503, in BMNH. 340, segments VII–X, ventral view. 341, corpus bursae. 342, Phyllonorycter farensis, paratype, genitalia prep. MRAC/ KMMA 00282, in RMCA.

FIGURES 343–344. Female genitalia. Scale bar 200 µm. 343, Phyllonorycter gozmanyi, paratype, genitalia prep. MRAC/ KMMA 00281, in RMCA. 344, Phyllonorycter mwatawalai, holotype, genitalia prep. MRAC/KMMA 00525, in RMCA.