Eumorpha anchemolus ( Cramer, 1779 )

Lima, Tauanny Maria Almeida, Sena, Jasmine Déa Nogueira, Câmara, Joseleide Teixeira & Teston, José Augusto, 2023, Complexes of species of Eumorpha Hübner [1807] (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from the Maranhão State, Brazil, Zootaxa 5249 (4), pp. 425-445 : 432-433

Eumorpha anchemolus ( Cramer, 1779)

Sphinx anchemolus Cramer, 1779

Philampelus satellitia major Burmeister, 1878

Type locality: Suriname

( Figs. 6a–f , 7a–l )

Characterization. Wingspan ranges from 11.36 to 15.03 cm, forewing length ranges from 5.33 to 6.95 cm, hindwing length ranges from 2.96 to 4.17 cm, and body length ranges from 5.33 to 7.55 cm.

Head: brownish, with a dark brown median band, and brown palpi with a white distal region.

Thorax: brownish, tegulae in dark brown triangular shape, dark brown median band. Forewing: dorsal view with coloration ranging from light brown to dark brown; several striations in shades of dark brown to black, dark brown discal bar, smoky on the upper edge, extends from the base to the middle of the wing, with lighter coloring in the basal part and in the darker distal part, brown discal band with wavy edges, arranged from the outer margin to encounter the discal spot; dark brown "Y" spot, appearing on the costal margin, diagonally to the outer margin, with a whitish outline in the area facing the basal region, separating the darker apical margin; semi-lunar subapical patch without contour, presence of two dark spots in the post-discal area and close to the “Y” spot; triangular spot passing through the CuA 1 vein; submarginal band with four undulations, the two in the middle are larger than those at the tips, with dark color and light border facing the post-discal area; ventral view predominantly reddish, nonuniform light brown spot, which runs from the apex to the end of the outer margin against the inner margin, having a triangular projection towards the submarginal area in the middle of the outer margin, and a striation that goes from the inner margin to the costal margin dividing the post-discal area from the submarginal area.

Hindwing: predominantly brown coloration divided by a greenish band that appears at the base of the wing and goes until the middle of the post-discal area where it passes the discal spot, the external margin is colored in shades of beige and salmon and with three dark points near the anal angle; ventral view: predominantly reddish, with a greenish spot that goes from the base, passing through the internal margin ending at the anal angle, two striations that go from the internal margin to the costal margin, one separating the discal area from the post-discal area and the other separating the post-discal area from the submarginal area.

Abdomen: in the dorsal view, covered predominantly with brown scales, the first segment with dark brown scales, and other segments with pairs of brown spots; in the ventral view, it is covered predominantly with pink scales.

Male genitalia: Uncus single sickle-shaped. Valva equal in width, the inner margin almost straight, apex rounded. Sacculus is wider at the base and longer than half the length of the valva. The saccular process is more than half the length of the valva, a constriction is present at the base of the saccular process which is narrowing toward the apex. The saccular process shows variability in morphological structure. Sac projected anteriorly, longer than wide, with a rounded anterior end, and with posterior projection forming a lobe with a rounded end at the base of the sac. The aedeagus tubular shape, shorter than the length of the valva, has a weakly sclerotized and pointed apical projection.

Diagnosis.

Habitus. similar to Eumorpha obliquus ( Rothschild & Jordan, 1903) but differs from it by the greenish area that is larger and wider on the costal margin of the hindwing, surpassing the discal area ( Figs 6a, c, e ) and reddish ventral view ( Figs 6b, d, f ). Genitalia in E. anchemolus are with a saccular process longer than half the length of the valva ( Figs 7c, g, k ).

Material examined: Brazil: Maranhão: 1m #, Cândido Mendes, 01°26'34"S, 45°43'19"W, 10-15.x.2018, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira; 4m # and 4f #, Centro Novo Maranh„o, Gurupi Biological Reserve ( REBIO), 03°14'05"S, 46°41'83"W, 07-15.i.2011, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, M.M. Abreu & J.A. Silva; same locality: 7m # and 8f #, 01- 06.iii.2011, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira; 3m #, 03-07.v.2011, M.M. Abreu & J.A. Silva; 3m # and 6f #, 28.ii-06.iii.2011, J.T. Câmara ; 1f #, Araguan „, Awaguajá Indian Reserve , 3°23'43.8"S, 46°28'52.6"W, 17-20.iii.2002, F. Limeira-deOliveira & J.T. Câmara; 9m # and 7f #, Bom Jardim, Gurupi Biological Reserve (REBIO), 04°05'22"S, 46°50'30"W, 01-05.2011, M.M. Abreu, E.A.S. Barbosa & A.A. Santos; same locality: 13m # and 1f #, 17-27.i.2010, A.A.T. Sousa; 1m #, Caxias , rest village, 4°55'55.5"S, 43°09'42.3"W, incidental, 05.iii.2006, J.C. Silva; same locality: 2m #, incidental, 25.i.2007, R.O. Souza; 1f #, Caxias, Inhamum Environmental Protection Area , 04°54'43"S, 43°25'30W, 27-28.xii.2011, M.K.A. Santos, same locality: 1f #, 29-31.i.2006, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira; 1m #, Mirador , 06°37'25"S, 45°52'08"W, 17-21.ii.2007, J.C. Silva, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira; same locality: 1m #, 22.ii-01.iii.2009, F. Limeirade-Oliveira: 1f #, 10-16.i.2013, J.T. Câmara; 1m #, 06°48'29"S, 45°06'34"W, 26.xi-03.xii.2011, T.M.A. Lima; 1f # Nogueiras Fortress , 6°55'43.8"S, 46°13'19.4"W, incidental, 19.i.2007, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira; 2m #, Carolina , 07°22'48,8"S, 47°14'32"W, 17-22.x.2009, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira; same locality: 1m #, 23-26.xii.2009, F. Limeirade-Oliveira.

General geographical distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Mexico, Paraguay, and Uruguay.

Distribution records in Brazil: Alagoas, Amazonas, Maranh„o, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Roraima, Santa Catarina, and S„o Paulo.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Morphology of the habitus of Eumorpha anchemolus (Cramer, 1779). (a, c, e) dorsal view of the habitus; (b, d, f) ventral view of the habitus. scale 10mm

FIGURE 7. Morphology of the genitalia of Eumorpha anchemolus (Cramer, 1779). (a) sac, (b) valva, (c) saccular process, (d) aedeagus, (e–l) variation in morphology.