Caviphantes catomidius, Irfan & Zhang & Peng, 2022

Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng & Peng, Xian-Jin, 2022, Survey of Linyphiidae (Arachnida: Araneae) spiders from Yunnan, China, Megataxa 8 (1), pp. 1-292 : 54-57

Caviphantes catomidius sp. nov. (ƌḦgƮƦ)

Figures 51–54 , 57

Types. Holotype ♂, CHINA, Yunnan, Fugong County, 10 road km from Nujiang, on Shibali Rd on N fork, Yamu river , 27.13441°E, alt. 98.82622°E, alt. 1799m, 25 April 2004, Charles Griswold and D. H. Kavanaugh leg. (CGY10) . Paratypes: 3♂ 5♀, same data as holotype male ( CGY10 ) ; 4♀, Fugong County, Lumadeng Township , 500 m radius of guesthouse at Shibali, 27.16519°N, 98.77891°E, alt. 2525m, 1–7 May 2004, Charles Griswold and D. H. Kavanaugh leg. ( CGY24 ) ; 1♀, 1.52 Km , 150° SW of Yamu river fork, S. fork of Yamu river, 27.11581°E, alt. 98.83143°E, alt. 1842m, 26 April 2004, Charles Griswold and D. H. Kavanaugh leg. ( CGY15 ) ; 1♂, Lushui County, Luzhang Township, Yaojiaping Forest Station, 25.97526°N, 98.71000°E, alt. 2515m, night collecting along the road, 20 May 2005, Ke-ji Guo leg. ( GKJ013 ) ; 1♀, Gongshan County, Binzhongluo Township , Shijitong Village, 28.04650°N, 98.59151°E, alt. 1575m, 10–11 November 2004, Guo Tang leg. (Tang –04–10); 3♂ 9♀, Gongshan County, Gongdang , Shenshan mountain, 28.00930°N, 98.61505°E, alt. 2480–2500m, 9 October 2002, Heng-mei Yan leg. (Yan 021009) ; 1♀, Lushui County, Luomumuo Township , 27.16784°N, 98.71782°E, alt. 2682m, 3 May 2004, Guang-xu Peng (20040503–2) ; 1♀, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Township, Xianjiudang Village, 27.92247°N, 98.33213°E, alt. 1634m, 4, 5 November 2004, Guo Tang leg. (Tang –04–07); Shilajia on N fork, Jamu river, 27.13440°N, 98.82625°E, alt. 1792m, 24 April 2004, Charles Griswold and D. H. Kavanaugh leg. ( CGY09 ) ; 1♀, Gongshan County, Bingzhongluo Township , Niwaluo, 28.03287°N, 98.56995°E, alt. 1862m, 15 August 2006, Peng Hu leg. (Hu 060815) .

Etymology. This epithet derives from the Latin adjective “ catomidio ”, meaning “whip” and refers to the whip-like embolus in the male palp.

Diagnosis. This new species can be distinguished from all other congeners by the male cephalothorax bearing cephalic lobe ( Fig. 54B ), palpal tibia dorsally with broad projection and a horn-shaped highly sclerotized tooth ( Figs 51B, D , 52A ), convector long with pointed tip and proximal end with a hook-shaped projection ( Figs 51A–C , 52C, D ). Epigyne, ventral plate outline rectangular, posterior margin with a notch-like opening ( Fig. 53A, B ).

Description. Male (holotype, Fig. 54A–C ): Total length: 1.53. Carapace 0.67 long, 0.57 wide, with cephalic lobe 0.29 high, brown, dual-lobed with one on top of the other and both lobes possessing eyes; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct. Clypeus 0.21 high. Sternum longer than wide, yellowish, sparsely covered with microsetae. Labium wider than long. Maxillae long, distal end broad with scopulae. Chelicerae with four promarginal and five retromarginal teeth. Eye region narrow, AER recurved, PME present on most dorsal cephalic lobe. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.05, PME 0.05, PLE 0.05, AME–AME 0.02, PME–PME 0.09, AME–ALE, 0.01, PME–PLE 0.03, AME–PME 0.09, ALE–ALE 0.18, PLE–PLE 0.22, ALE–PLE contiguous. Length of legs: I 2.38 (0.68, 0.76, 0.56, 0.38), II2.39 (0.66, 0.77, 0.59, 0.37), III 2.27 (0.52, 058, 0.49, 0.28), IV 2.27 (0.63, 0.71, 0.59, 0.34). Leg formula II-I-IV-III. Tm I and Tm IV present. Tibial spine formula: 2-2-1-1. Abdomen 0.86 long, 0.59 wide, oval, brown, dorsally with distinct patterns, cardiac pattern bar-shaped, followed by two transverse chevrons, base of spinnerets brown, ventral side brown.

Palp ( Figs 51A–D , 52A–E ): Patella as long as tibia, tibia with three thick spine-like hairs, distal end wider, dorsally with a broad projection pointed towards the cymbium and also with a highly sclerotized horn-shaped tooth. Paracymbium simple, small, distal arm with a blunt end; embolic division: median membrane completely covering the subtegulum and tegulum in unexpanded palp; convector sclerotized, proximal end with a hookshaped projection, long, tip with pointed end, touches the apex of cymbium; embolus whip-like, distal part covered by the convector.

Female (paratype, Fig. 54D–F ): Total length: 1.71. Carapace 0.66 long, 0.63 wide; cephalic region slightly elevated, brown; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct. Clypeus 0.15 high. Sternum longer than wide, yellowish, sparsely covered with microsetae. Labium wider than long. Maxillae long, distal end broad with scapulae. Chelicerae with five promarginal and six retromarginal teeth. Eye region narrow, AER recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.05, PME 0.06, PLE 0.06, AME–AME 0.02, PME–PME 0.05, AME–ALE, 0.01, PME–PLE 0.03, AME–PME 0.04, ALE–ALE 0.21, PLE–PLE 0.26, ALE–PLE contiguous. Length of legs: I 2.39 (0.65, 0.78, 0.58, 0.38), II 2.93 (0.69, 0.77, 0.56, 0.37), III 1.99 (0.58, 0.63, 0.49, 0.29), IV 2.52 (0.76, 0.77, 0.62, 0.37). Leg formula II-IV-I-III. Tm I and Tm IV present. Tibial spine formula: 2-2-1-1. Abdomen 1.05 long, 0.75 wide, oval, pale, cardiac pattern greenish-grey, followed by two transverse chevrons, base of spinnerets black, ventral side pale.

Epigyne ( Fig. 53A–C ): Ventral plate outline rectangular, posterior margin with a notch-like opening, copulatory openings posteriorly located; copulatory ducts form coiled spirals in the atrium before joining to the spermathecae; spermathecae globular, present on lateral sides of dorsal plate, separated by 2/3 distance of their diameter; fertilization ducts small, extending mesally.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality ( Fig. 57 ).

Caviphantes pseudosaxetorum Wunderlich, 1979 (Ña gƮƦ)

Figures 55–57

Caviphantes pseudosaxetorum Wunderlich, 1979 b: 87 , figs 1–7 (Dmf); Lee et al. 2018: 139, fig. 1A–G (m). For full list of publications and synonyms concerning this species see World Spider Catalog (2022).

Material examined. 1♀, CHINA, Yunnan, Forest along the shelf above Yamu river , 0.4 km SE Shibali, 27.16337°N, 98.78208°E, alt. 2475m, 8 May 2004, Charles Griswold and D. H. Kavanaugh and Heng-mei Yan leg. ( CGY37 ) .

Distribution. China, Japan, Korea, Lebanon to India, Nepal, Russia (Kuril Is.).

Genus Ceratinella Emerton, 1882 (ssẮƦø)

Figures

FIGURE 51. Caviphantes catomidius sp. nov., male palp of holotype. A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view.

FIGURE 52. Caviphantes catomidius sp. nov., male (one of paratypes). A Cymbium, paracymbiun and tibia B Subtegulum and tegulum, ventral view C Embolic division, prolateral view D Embolic division, retrolateral view E Embolic division, dorsal view.

FIGURE 53. Caviphantes catomidius sp. nov., female (one of paratypes). A, B Epigyne, ventral view C Vulva, dorsal view.

FIGURE 54. Caviphantes catomidius sp. nov., male (holotype, A–C) and female (one of paratypes, D–F). A, D Habitus, dorsal view B, E Habitus, lateral view C, F Habitus, ventral view.

FIGURE 55. Caviphantes pseudosaxetorum Wunderlich, 1979. A, B Epigyne, ventral view C Vulva, dorsal view.

FIGURE 56. Caviphantes pseudosaxetorum Wunderlich, 1979. A Habitus, dorsal view B Habitus, ventral view.

FIGURE 57. Distribution of Caviphantes species.