Caluromys Node

Chemisquy, Maria Amelia, Prevosti, Francisco J., Martin, Gabriel & Flores, David A., 2015, Evolution of molar shape in didelphid marsupials (Marsupialia: Didelphidae): analysis of the influence of ecological factors and phylogenetic legacy, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 173 (1), pp. 217-235 : 229-230

Caluromys Node 1 Node 3

Thylatheridium Monodelphis

Marmosops Thylamys Philander

Didelphis

Thylophorops

Lutreolina

Hyperdidelphys

Lestodelphys Metachirus Node 12

Thylophorops Lutreolina Hyperdidelphys

twinned, the paraconid was distolingually displaced and the anterior cingulum was larger ( Fig. 9 ). Within tribe Thylamyini , the main changes are on the terminal taxa, while the basal node showed only a distolabial displacement of the protoconid, and a labial displacement of the metaconid (node 5, Fig. S9 ). Marmosops showed a distally displaced hypoconid, a labially dis- placed paraconid, metaconid and entoconid and a mesially displaced hypoconulid ( Fig. 9 ). Thylamys showed a smaller trigonid with a distally displaced paraconid and protoconid, and a larger anterior cingulum ( Fig. 9 ). Lestodelphys showed a distally displaced entoconid ( Fig. 9 ), while Gracilinanus Gardner & Creighton showed a mesiolingual displacement of the protoconid %, percentage of variance explained by each analysis; P, probability for each analysis (bold numbers are significant at P <0.05); partial var, partial variance explained by one factor (e.g. diet) but not by the others (i.e. size, phylogeny).

and metaconid, a mesial displacement of the paraconid, a lingual displacement of the entoconid, a distal displacement of the hypoconulid, a labial displacement of the hypoconid and a smaller anterior cingulum ( Fig. S9 ). The anterior cingulum became larger in Metachirus , the metaconid and hypoconulid were mesially displaced, the hypoconid was distolingually displaced and the paraconid was distally displaced ( Fig. 9 ). The basal node of Didelphini showed only a mesial displacement of the hypoconid (node 10, Fig. S9 ). Chironectes showed a longer talonid with a labially displaced hypoconid, and a shorter trigonid with a lingually displaced protoconid, paraconid and metaconid, the displacement being much larger on the protoconid, and a larger anterior cingulum ( Fig. S9 ). The node that groups Philander and Didelphis showed a mesiolingual displacement of the protoconid (node 13, Fig. S9 ). The node that groups Lutreolina , Thylophorops † and Hyperdidelphys † showed a labial displacement of the metaconid, a mesiolabial displacement of the paraconid, a distolabial displacement of the protoconid, a distolingual displacement of the hypoconid and a smaller anterior cingulum (node 12, Fig. 9 ). In Thylophorops † the protoconid was lingually displaced, the paraconid distolabially displaced, the hypoconid distolingually displaced and the anterior cinugulum was larger ( Fig. 9 ). Lutreolina showed a labially displaced hypoconid, a mesiolingually displaced hypoconulid and a distally displaced metaconid ( Fig. 9 ). Hyperdidelphys † showed a labial displacement of the metaconid and protoconid, a mesiolabial displacement of the paraconid, a distolingual displacement of the hypoconulid, and a distolabial displacement of the entoconid ( Fig. 9 ). The optimization of m1 showed similar changes (Fig. S10).

Figures

Figure 9. Phylogeny showing a summary of the optimization for the third lower molar (m3). Numbers on the branches indicate node number. Taxon names and nodes in bold indicate the optimizations being shown. Deformation grids show the changes with respect to the previous node.