Bothriomiris dissimulans (Walker)

Wolski, Andrzej & Gorczyca, Jacek, 2012, Plant bugs of the tribe Bothriomirini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) from the Oriental Region: descriptions of eight new species and keys to Oriental genera and species of Bothriomiris Kirkaldy, Dashymenia Poppius, and Dashymeniella Poppius, Zootaxa 3412, pp. 1-41 : 9-14

Bothriomiris dissimulans (Walker)

( Figures 1–2 , 19–38 , 42 )

Capsus simulans Walker 1873: 125 [sp. nov.] (junior primary homonym of Capsus

simulans Walker, 1873:89 )

Capsus dissimulans Walker 1873: 199 [n. name]

Capsus simulans: Atkinson 1890: 110 [catalog]

Bothriomiris marmoratus Kirkaldy 1902: 244 , 271, tab. 5, Fig. 9 , tab. 6, Fig. 16 [sp. nov.] (synonymized by Distant 1904b: 112)

Bothriomiris marmoratus: Kirkaldy, 1906: 145 [list]

Bothriomiris simulans: Bergroth 1910: 237 [list], 1920: 70 [list]; Distant 1904a: 469 [redescription]

Bothriomiris dissimulans: Carvalho 1957: 26 [catalog], 1980: 649 [diag., type specimen], 1981: 2 [diag., type specimen]; Schuh 1995: 20 [catalog]; Gorczyca 2006: 10, Fig. 1 [catalog].

Diagnosis. Bothriomiris dissimulans is recognized by the following set of characters: body larger than 6.00 mm; dorsum dark brown with large, yellow and reddish stripes and patches ( Figs. 1–2 ); antennal segment I as long or nearly as long as width of vertex ( Figs. 1–2 ); anterior lobe of pronotum inpunctate ( Fig. 22 ), yellowish, sometimes tinged with red laterally; posterior lobe usually with distinct, yellowish, longitudinal stripe medially ( Figs. 1–2 ); scutellum mostly reddish brown with yellowish, longitudinal stripe medially, originating from base and terminating apically ( Figs. 1–2 ); corium with characteristic Y-shaped, more or less developed, yellow pattern apically ( Figs. 1–2 ); pretarsal claw toothed subapically ( Fig. 34 ); endosoma membranous with DSS thin, relatively short, nearly parallel-sided with ductus seminis; AES relatively long, thin, somewhat embracing DSS; MES fine, sharpened toward apex ( Fig. 36 ); left paramere somewhat rounded, with a sensory lobe only moderately convex ( Fig. 37 ); right paramere with apical half narrowing towards apex, basal process broad, triangular ( Fig. 38 ).

Most similar to B. lugubris in having the antennal segment I shorter than width of the vertex, and lacking of the strongly elevated tubercles on vertex. However, it can be easily distinguished by the coloration of the dorsal surface, the inpunctate pronotal calli, and the shape of the parameres.

Redescription. Female. COLORATION ( Figs. 1–2 ). Dorsum varying from pale brown with reddish and yellowish, irregularly distributed areas to dark brown or blackish with yellowish stripes and patches. Head. Yellow, with broad, reddish to almost blackish, longitudinal stripe medially from occipital carina till apex of clypeus; mandibular plate varying from dark reddish to dark brown; maxillary plate yellow, with brownish patch anteriorly and red tinge posteriorly; buccula entirely brown to dark brown; antennal segment I varying from reddish yellow to fuscous black, always with more or less developed pale annulation basally; segment II varying from dirty yellowish or brownish, always blackish for apical two thirds to entirely blackish; segments III and IV dirty yellowish; labium varying from dark brown to blackish; segment II usually with yellowish annulation basally. Thorax. Pronotum. Anterior lobe yellow, usually tinged with red, often with two distinct, blackish patches, each situated laterally, near anterior margin, anterior lobe sometimes also with broad, blackish, longitudinal stripe medially, often fused with the two patches situated laterally near anterior margin; posterior lobe usually entirely dark brown to blackish, rarely brownish, tinged with red or/and yellow, usually with a distinct yellow longitudinal swelling from anterior lobe till posterior margin. Scutellum. Usually dark reddish with longitudinal yellow medial stripe from basal margin till apex, sometimes also with two distinct yellow patches, each situated on internal angle, rarely scutellum dark red to dark brown with pale, yellow or dull yellowish patch apically. Thoracic pleura. Proepimeron with anterior one third yellowish, sometimes with brownish patch ventrally, remainder of proepimeron varying from dark brown to blackish; mesepisternum dark brown to blackish with contrastingly yellow stripe along anterior and dorsal margins; mesepimeron yellow, sometimes tinged with red or brown anteriorly; metepisternum dark brown, with contrastingly yellow broad stripe along anterior and dorsal margins; evaporative areas dull yellowish anteriorly, fuscous to blackish posteriorly, rarely evaporative areas entirely fuscous or blackish; peritreme usually dull yellowish. Hemelytron. Usually dark brown to blackish with characteristic Y-shaped, more or less distinctly developed yellow pattern apically, rarely hemelytron brownish, with irregular yellowish and reddish tinges; membrane dark gray with contrastingly yellowish venation and with dull yellowish patches. Legs. Coxae dull yellowish with reddish or brownish patch apically; femora usually fuscous or brownish at basal half, with broad, yellowish annulation near medial portion, subapically reddish and with narrow annulation at extreme apex, rarely femora entirely yellow with irregular brown or fuscous patches, or entirely dark brown or fuscous with dull yellowish areas; tibiae dark brown with narrow yellow annulation apically; tarsi yellowish to brownish. Abdomen. Yellow reddish to almost entirely dark brown. STRUCTURE AND VESTITURE ( Figs. 1–2 , 20–35 , 42 ). Elongate oval, dorsum with mixed dense, semirecumbent yellow and black setae. Head. Rugose; vertex with two indistinct elevations, each contiguous with occipital carina and inner margin of eye; antennal segment I narrowed basally, remainder of segment I weakly thickened apically, with moderately dense setae; segment II thin, also weakly thickened towards apex, with moderately dense setae, being somewhat sparser along basal length; segments III and IV thin, with long, protruding, bristlelike setae; labium reaching apex of metacoxae. Thorax. Pronotum. Calli broad, occupying entire anterior lobe, inpunctate; posterior lobe with longitudinal medial swelling running from anterior lobe till posterior margin. Scutellum. Moderately arched. Thoracic pleura. Covered with dense vestiture; proepimeron inpunctate anteriorly, punctate as pronotum posteriorly; mesepisternum and metepisternum deeply and densely punctate; mesepimeron convex, inpunctate, and shining, peritreme obtuse, covered with microtrichae. Legs. Short, covered with dense, semirecumbent vestiture; tarsomere II divided medially; pretarsal claw toothed subapically.

Male. Similar to female in coloration, structure, and vestiture.

Male genitalia. Endosoma ( Fig. 36 ). Membranous with DSS thin, relatively short; AES relatively long, thin, somewhat embracing DSS; MES thin, sharpened toward apex. Left paramere ( Fig. 37 ). Somewhat rounded; sensory lobe weakly convex; apical process obtuse. Right paramere ( Fig. 38 ). Apical half narrowed toward apex, basal process broad and nearly triangular.

Measurements. Ƥ/3 (n=3; holotype measurements in parentheses): body length 6.60/6.32 (6.60), width 2.70–3.0/2.48 (3.0). Head. Length 0.40–0.44/0.40 (0.44), width 1.72–1.75/1.40 (1.72), diameter of eye in dorsal view 0.40–0.45/0.34 (0.45). Antenna. Length of segment I 1.0/1.08 (1.0), II 2.0/2.18 (2.0), III 1.0 /1.0 (1.0), IV (broken in the examined specimens). Length of labium (immeasurable in the examined specimens). Pronotum. Length 1.68–1.80/1.44 (1.68), width of anterior margin 1.40–1.50/1.24 (1.40), length of lateral margin 1.32–1.40/ 1.10 (1.32), width of posterior margin 2.50–2.56/2.20 (2.56).

Distribution ( Fig. 19 ). China (Hainan), Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi), Malaysia (Pahang, Perak, Borneo, Singapore), Myanmar, Thailand.

Remarks. Longitudinal pale swelling on posterior lobe of pronotum is lacking in the specimens from Java (see Gorczyca 2006, Fig. 1 ).

Type material. Holotype Ƥ: 295. Capsus simulans ; Saunders [coll.], 65–13.; Type [round label]; Type [round label] ( BMNH).

Additional examined material. 1 3 Carin Cheba, 900–1100 m, L. Fea V XII - 88; Simulans Walk. [handwritten]; Distant Coll. 1911- 383; 1 Ƥ: N. Borneo, Bettotan, nr Sandakan, Aug. 24,1937, Ex. F. M. S. Museum, B.M. 1953 - 354, BM; 1 Ƥ: Hainan Is., S. China, Tai-pin-ts ucn, Lan-ka-heung, Lai-mo-ling (Mt. Bange), Klung-shan District, May 17 -18,1935, H. K. To; 1 Ƥ: INDONESIA: SULAWESI UTARA, Dumoga-Bone N.P., June 1985; R. Ent. Soc. Lond. PROJECT WALLACE, B. M. 1985-10; 1 Ƥ: “Edwards” 680 m, 26.IV-7.VI.1985 Taraut. J.H. Martin; Malaise trap on tree ( BMNH); 2 Ƥ Ƥ: Blavan, Bondowoso, Java or. H. Lucht, IV-V. 936 ( ZISP); 1 Ƥ: Thailand, Doi Suthep-Pui, natn. Park, Konthathan, waterfall area, 600 m, 20-27. X. 1979. Zool. Mus. Copenhagen Exped. ( ZMUC); 1 Ƥ: Museum Paris, Perak, Coll. Noualhier 1898; MUSEUM PARIS, COLL. GENERALE ( MNHN); 4 Ƥ Ƥ, 2 33: Malacca, Perak (4 Ƥ Ƥ and 1 3 coll. NHRS, 13 coll. HMNH).

Figures

FIGURE 19. Distribution map of the genus Bothriomiris.

FIGURES 20 – 27. Scanning electron micrographs of Bothriomiris dissimulans: 20, 22 — left lateral view; 21 — structure and vestiture of eye; 23 — structure and vestiture of cuneus and apical portion of corium; 24 — structure and vestiture of membrane; 25, 26 — thoracic pleura; 27 — scent gland efferent system.

FIGURES 28 – 35. Scanning electron micrographs of Bothriomiris dissimulans (continued): 28 — structure and vestiture of antennal segment I and basal portion of antennal segment II; 29 — structure and vestiture of antennal segment II; 30 — structure and vestiture of hemelytron; 31 — structure and vestiture of pronotum; 32 — structure and distribution of mesofemoral trichobothria; 33 — single mesofemoral trichobothrium; 34 – 35 — pretarsal structure.

FIGURES 36 – 41. Male genitalia of Bothriomiris dissimulans (36 – 38) and Dashymenia conspersa (39 – 41). B. dissimulans: 36 — endosoma, dorsal view; 37 — left paramere, right lateral view; 38 right paramere, dorsal view. D. conspersa: 39 — endosoma, dorsal view; 40 — left paramere, right lateral view; 41 — right paramere, dorsal view. AES = anterior endosomal sclerite; DSS = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; MES = mesial endosomal sclerite; PES = posterior endosomal sclerite. Scale bars 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 1 – 18. Dorsal habitus color photographs of the Oriental species of the tribe Bothriomirini: 1, 2 — Bothriomiris dissimulans, Ƥ and 3: Malacca, Perak; 3 — Bothriomiris lugubris (lectotype); 4 — Bothriomiris sulawesicus, 3: Indonesia: Sulawesi Utara, Dumoga-Bone N. P; 5 — D. cognata (holotype); 6 — D. colubrina (holotype); 7 — D. conspersa; 8 — D. kerzhneri (paratype, 3); 9 — D. kotejai (paratype); 10 – 11 — D. tenmalai: 10 — paratype, Ƥ, 11 — holotype, 3; 12 — D. webbi (holotype); 13 – 14 — D. spatulatiformis: 13 — paratype, 14 — holotype; 15 — D. tibialis (3: Malacca, Perak); 16 — D. ulu (holotype); 17 — D. viklundi (holotype); 18 — L. scutellaris, Ƥ: Sarawak: Gunong Mulu Nat. Park; Long Pala base camp, ii – vii 1978.

FIGURES 42 – 47. Head, frontal view: 42 — Bothriomiris dissimulans; 43 — Bothriomiris sulawesicus; 44 — Dashymenia kotejai; 45 — Dashymenia cognata; 46 — Dashymeniella viklundi; 47 — Leprocapsus scutellaris.