Bothriomiris Kirkaldy

Wolski, Andrzej & Gorczyca, Jacek, 2012, Plant bugs of the tribe Bothriomirini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae) from the Oriental Region: descriptions of eight new species and keys to Oriental genera and species of Bothriomiris Kirkaldy, Dashymenia Poppius, and Dashymeniella Poppius, Zootaxa 3412, pp. 1-41 : 8

Bothriomiris Kirkaldy

( Figures 1–4 , 19–38 , 42–43 , 48, 49)

Bothriomiris Kirkaldy 1902: 270 , type species by monotypy: Capsus dissimulans Walker, 1873 = Bothriomiris marmoratus Kirkaldy, 1902 (synonymized by Distant 1904b)

Bothriomiris: Distant 1904a: 469 [redescription], 1904b: 112 [list]; Kirkaldy 1906: 145 [list]; Reuter 1910: 154 [list and taxonomy], 1912: 43 [taxonomy]; Bergroth 1910: 235 [diagnosis], 1920: 70; Carvalho 1955: 18 [key to genera], 1957: 26 [catalog]; Carvalho & Lorenzato 1978: 121 [diagnosis]; Schuh 1995: 20 [catalog]; Kerzhner & Josifov 1999: 10 [catalog]; Gorczyca 2000: 47 [list]; Yasunaga 2000: 185, 203 [diagnosis, key to Japanese species]; Gorczyca 2006: 9 [catalog]; Yasunaga & Miyamoto 2006: 721 –722 [diagnosis, key to Japanese species].

Bothriomiridius Poppius 1915: 44 (synonymized by Carvalho 1952: 49), type species: Bothriomiridius lugubris Poppius, 1915 (original designation).

Bothriomiridius: Bergroth 1920: 70; Carvalho 1957: 26 [catalog]; Schuh 1995: 20 [catalog]; Kerzhner & Josifov 1999: 10 [catalog].

Diagnosis. Bothriomiris is recognized by the following combination of characters: dorsum covered with dense, semierect or erect setae ( Figs. 23 , 30–31 , 48); head rugose ( Figs. 42–43 ); pronotal calli convex, sometimes occupying most of anterior lobe ( Figs. 1–4 ); metepisternum covered with more or less densely distributed punctures ( Figs. 25–26 ); peritreme usually obtuse, covered with microtrichae; scutellum nearly flattened or weakly arched ( Figs. 1–4 , 48–49); cuneus longer than its width ( Figs. 1–4 , 48); endosoma usually missing at least one endosomal sclerite; DSS usually thin, nearly parallel-sided along entire length relative to the ductus seminis ( Fig. 36 ).

Remarks. The genus Bothriomiris is most similar to Dashymeniella and Leprocapsus in having the dense punctation on metepisternum ( Figs. 25–26 , 52–53 ), the antennal segment I narrowed at basal one fourth ( Figs. 28 , 94 ), and the relatively thin antennal segment II, covered with moderately dense setae ( Figs. 29 , 48, 95). However, Bothriomiris can be separated from the latter two genera by the structure of the head, with the frons flattened at apex in Bothriomiris ( Figs. 42–43 ), while in Dashymeniella and Leprocapsus the frons is characteristically rounded and convex apically ( Figs. 46–47 ). Further, the clypeus in Bothriomiris is basally concave and nearly parallel-sided along whole its distal length whereas it is rounded, swollen, and broadened at basal one third in Dashymeniella and Leprocapsus . The scutellum in Bothriomiris is nearly flat or weakly arched ( Figs. 1–4 , 48–49), while in Dashymeniella and Leprocapsus the scutellum possesses distinct medial longitudinal swelling ( Dashymeniella , Figs. 13–17 , 52 ) or is strongly convex ( Leprocapsus , Figs. 18 , 54 ). The endosoma in most species of Bothriomiris , -including the type species Bothriomiris dissimulans - is simple with a thin DSS and the other sclerites absent (see Yasunaga 2000: Fig. 85 ; Gorczyca 2005: Fig. 4 ; Yasunaga & Miyamoto 2006: Fig. 3 F) or weakly developed ( Fig. 36 ) while in Dashymeniella ( Figs. 96, 99, 102, 105 ) and Leprocapsus (Wolski, submitted) the endosoma has the DSS broadened and the other sclerites well developed.

Figures

FIGURE 19. Distribution map of the genus Bothriomiris.

FIGURES 20 – 27. Scanning electron micrographs of Bothriomiris dissimulans: 20, 22 — left lateral view; 21 — structure and vestiture of eye; 23 — structure and vestiture of cuneus and apical portion of corium; 24 — structure and vestiture of membrane; 25, 26 — thoracic pleura; 27 — scent gland efferent system.

FIGURES 28 – 35. Scanning electron micrographs of Bothriomiris dissimulans (continued): 28 — structure and vestiture of antennal segment I and basal portion of antennal segment II; 29 — structure and vestiture of antennal segment II; 30 — structure and vestiture of hemelytron; 31 — structure and vestiture of pronotum; 32 — structure and distribution of mesofemoral trichobothria; 33 — single mesofemoral trichobothrium; 34 – 35 — pretarsal structure.

FIGURES 36 – 41. Male genitalia of Bothriomiris dissimulans (36 – 38) and Dashymenia conspersa (39 – 41). B. dissimulans: 36 — endosoma, dorsal view; 37 — left paramere, right lateral view; 38 right paramere, dorsal view. D. conspersa: 39 — endosoma, dorsal view; 40 — left paramere, right lateral view; 41 — right paramere, dorsal view. AES = anterior endosomal sclerite; DSS = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; MES = mesial endosomal sclerite; PES = posterior endosomal sclerite. Scale bars 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 1 – 18. Dorsal habitus color photographs of the Oriental species of the tribe Bothriomirini: 1, 2 — Bothriomiris dissimulans, Ƥ and 3: Malacca, Perak; 3 — Bothriomiris lugubris (lectotype); 4 — Bothriomiris sulawesicus, 3: Indonesia: Sulawesi Utara, Dumoga-Bone N. P; 5 — D. cognata (holotype); 6 — D. colubrina (holotype); 7 — D. conspersa; 8 — D. kerzhneri (paratype, 3); 9 — D. kotejai (paratype); 10 – 11 — D. tenmalai: 10 — paratype, Ƥ, 11 — holotype, 3; 12 — D. webbi (holotype); 13 – 14 — D. spatulatiformis: 13 — paratype, 14 — holotype; 15 — D. tibialis (3: Malacca, Perak); 16 — D. ulu (holotype); 17 — D. viklundi (holotype); 18 — L. scutellaris, Ƥ: Sarawak: Gunong Mulu Nat. Park; Long Pala base camp, ii – vii 1978.

FIGURES 42 – 47. Head, frontal view: 42 — Bothriomiris dissimulans; 43 — Bothriomiris sulawesicus; 44 — Dashymenia kotejai; 45 — Dashymenia cognata; 46 — Dashymeniella viklundi; 47 — Leprocapsus scutellaris.

FIGURES 49 – 54. Left lateral view: 49 — Bothriomiris sulawesicus; 50 — Dashymenia kerzhneri; 51 — D. cognata; 52 — Dashymeniella spatulatiformis; 53 — Dashymeniella ulu; 54 — Leprocapsus scutellaris.

FIGURES 88 – 95. Scanning electron micrographs of Dashymeniella ulu (88 – 93) and Dashymeniella spatulatiformis (94 – 95): 88 – 89 — structure and vestiture of hemelytron; 90 — metafemoral trichobothria; 91 — single metafemoral trichobothrium; 92 – 93 — pretarsal structure; 94 — structure and vestiture of antennal segment I; 95 — structure and vestiture of antennal segment II.

FIGURES 80 – 86. Male genitalia of Dashymenia tenmalai (80 – 82) and Dashymenia webbi (83 – 86). D. tenmalai: 80 — endosoma, dorsal view; 81 — left paramere, right lateral view; 82 — right paramere, dorsal view. D. webbi: 83 — pygophore, dorsal view; 84 — endosoma, dorsal view; 85 — left paramere, right lateral view; 86 — right paramere, dorsal view. AES = anterior endosomal sclerite; AP = aperture of pygophore; DSS = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; MES = mesial endosomal sclerite; PES = posterior endosomal sclerite. Scale bars 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 96 – 107. Male genitalia of Dashymeniella spatulatiformis (96 – 98), Dashymeniella tibialis (99 – 101), Dashymeniella viklundi (102 – 104), and Dashymeniella ulu (105 – 107). D. spatulatiformis: 96 — endosoma, dorsal view; 97 — left paramere, right lateral view; 98 — right paramere, dorsal view. D. tibialis: 99 — endosoma, dorsal view; 100 — left paramere, right lateral view; 101 — right paramere, dorsal view. D. viklundi: 102 — endosoma, dorsal view; 103 — left paramere, right lateral view; 104 — right paramere, dorsal view. D. ulu. 105 — endosoma, dorsal view; 106 — left paramere, right lateral view; 107 — right paramere, dorsal view. AES = anterior endosomal sclerite; DSS = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; MES = mesial endosomal sclerite; PES = posterior endosomal sclerite. Scale bars 0.1 mm.