Chrysosarus Mitchell, 1944

Durante, Silvana & Cabrera, Nora, 2009, Cladistic analysis of Megachile (Chrysosarus) Mitchell and revalidation of Megachile (Dactylomegachile) Mitchell (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), Zootaxa 2284 (1), pp. 48-62 : 50

Subgenus Chrysosarus Mitchell

( Figs. 1, 3, 5 , 7, 9, 11 , 13, 15, 17, 19 )

Megachile (Chrysosarus) Mitchell, 1943: 664 . Type species Megachile guaranitica Schrottky, 1908 . Original designation.

Chrysosarus (Chrysosarus) Mitchell, 1980: 72 .

Megachile (Chrysosarus) ; Michener 2000: 553; Michener 2007: 586; Raw 2007: 30; Moure et al. 2007: 954.

Diagnosis. Chrysosarus is distinguished from other subgenera in Michener’s (2000) Group 1 by the following combination of characters: veins and legs ferruginous; female mandibles 4-dentate without cutting edges, 4 th mandibular tooth truncate or blunt, and T6 rounded dorsally. Male with mandibles 3-dentate, without submedial angle in the inferior margin ( Fig. 5 ); front coxae finely pubescent; front tarsi ferruginous; distal margin of the carina of T6 not denticulate; pilosity of T7 generally absent; carina of T7 absent; S5 ( Fig. 15 ) with gradulus of narrow, deeply curved basally, postgradular area raised basally and covering the gradulus; S6 ( Fig. 17 ) with two concavities on the distal margin of pregradular area.

Redescription. Antenna and tegula ferruginous (in M. congruata the antenna is brownish ferruginous and the tegula bronze hyaline), as well as veins, and legs. Eye subparallel (in M. guaranitica and M. congruata , slightly convergent below). Posterior margin of vertex generally concave, almost straight in M. trucis .

Female. Mandible ( Fig. 1 ) Four-dentate without cutting edge, 4 th mandibular tooth truncate or blunt. Antenna with pedicel subequal to F1, F1 shorter than F2 (longer than F 2 in M. guaranitica ). T6 straight in profile, apically rounded. Scopa generally yellow (S 1–4) and black (S5–S6); S6 homogeneously covered by scopal hairs.

Male. Mandible ( Figs. 3, 5 ) 3-dentate, without submedial angle on inferior margin. Hypostomal area without projection. Interantennal distance subequal to antennocular distance. Front coxa ( Fig. 7 ) finely pubescent, without bristles, spine generally short; front tarsus ferruginous (except yellow-ferruginous in M. trucis ), generally without a black inner spot and unmodified, flattened or slightly swollen in some species, not excavate anteriorly. Middle tibia with ferruginous apical spur. Preapical carina of T6 ( Fig. 13 ) with distal margin not denticulate, with deep median emargination. T7 ( Fig. 9 ) generally with short hairs, sparse or densely distributed, median tooth pronounced, preapical carina absent (except in M. bella ). S1–S4 exposed.

S5 ( Fig. 15 ) with gradulus narrow, deeply curved, postgradular area raised basally, covering the gradulus, with simple hairs. S6 ( Fig. 17 ) with mid apical margin of pregradular area, with two concavities; pilosity of postgradular area short and sparse; apical rim with small lateral denticles. S7 absent. Distal margin of S8 ( Fig. 18 ) truncate or slightly truncate, lateral margin without hairs. Gonoforceps ( Fig. 11 ) with inner face not medially widened, distal portion straight; penis valve subcylindrical (except in M. ctenophora ), upper margin of its bridge straight, lower margin medially protruding (straight in M. trucis ).

Figures

FIGURES 1–6. Mandible of female, frontal views, (1) M. (Chrysosarus) guaranitica. (2) M. (Dactylomegachile) parsonsiae. Mandibles of male, frontal views, (3) M. (Chrysosarus) guaranitica, (4) M. (Dactylomegachile) jenseni. Mandibles of males, lateral views (5) M. (Chrysosarus) guaranitica. (6) M. (Dactylomegachile) jenseni. Abbreviations: cl, clypeus; sma, submedian angle; th1, tooth 1; th2, tooth 2; th3, tooth 3; th4, tooth 4.

FIGURES 7–12. Front coxa of male, (7) M. (Chrysosarus) guaranitica, showing detail of spine; (8) M. (Dactylomegachile) leucographa. T7 of male, frontal views, (9) M. (Chrysosarus) guaranitica, (10) M. (Dactylomegachile) parsonsiae. Genitalia male, dorsal views, (11) M. (Chrysosarus) guaranitica, (12) M. (Dactylomegachile) ctenophora. Abbreviations: br, bridge; ca, carina; pbr, patch of bristles; sp, spine; th, tooth.

FIGURES 13–20. T6 of male, (13) M. (Chrysosarus) guaranitica. (14) M. (Dactylomegachile) leucographa. S5 of male. (15) M. (Chrysosarus) guaranitica. (16) M. (Dactylomegachile) parsonsiae. S6 of male. (17) M. (Chrysosarus) guaranitica. (18) M. (Dactylomegachile) parsonsiae. S8 of male. (19) M. (Chrysosarus) guaranitica. (20) M. (Dactylomegachile) parsonsiae. Scale bar = 0.50mm.