Wadicosa manubriata (Simon, 1898) Kronestedt, 2023

Kronestedt, Torbjörn, 2023, Species of Wadicosa (Araneae, Lycosidae): transfer of four species from Africa currently placed in Pardosa, Zootaxa 5227 (5), pp. 531-548 : 540-542

Wadicosa manubriata (Simon, 1898) comb. nov.

Figs 1A–C, G–I , 2G–I , 3C, F , 4C, F, I , 5D , 6E–F , 7C, F, I , 10 ; Table 1

Pardosa manubriata Simon, 1898a: 31 (♁).— Simon 1898b: 358, fig. 356 (♁); Lawrence 1928: 256, pl. 22 fig. 36 (♀); Roewer 1959: 125, fig. 63a–d (♁ ♀).

Type material. Holotype ♁ from SOUTH AFRICA, Cape of Good Hope , in MNHN ( AR-AR15782 ), examination of the palps on digital photographs ( Fig. 1 B–C ).

Other material examined. ANGOLA. Moxico: Luau (labelled ‘ Teresa Sousa’, here interpreted as the old colonial name of Luau : Vila Teixeira de Sousa ), [10°42′S, 22°14′E], 21–23 Dec. 1931, F. Haas, 3♀ ( SMF 2275 ) .— BOTSWANA. Eastern Kalahari , 1♀, RII/10744/504 ( SMF 9910744 ) .— DR CONGO. Haut-Lomami: Upemba National Park, Mabwe , rive est du lac Upemba , [8°39′S, 26°31′E], 585 m, 22 Nov. 1948, Mission De Witte , 1♀ ( MRAC 139862 ) . Lualaba: Dilolo Gare , 10°42′S, 22°18′E, 15–16 Dec. 1931, F. Haas, 2♀ ( SMF 2279 ) .— NAMIBIA. Erongo: Arandis, Rossing mine, Panner Gorge , Piet se Gat , 22°27′S, 14°59′E, salt water source, 28 Oct. 1987, E. Griffin & R. Jocqué, 1♁ 1♀ ( MRAC 168610 ) . ‖ Karas: Brukkaros Crater , [25°52′S, 17°47′E], 22 Feb. 1991, V.D. & B. Roth, 2♁ 1♀ ( CAS-ENT 9046055 ) . Khomas: Windhoek , [22°33′S, 17°05′E], 4♁ 9♀, RII/4914/252 ( SMF 9904914 ) . Kunene: Kunene River, 17°30′S, 14°24′E, Mar. 1923, R. F. Lawrence, 1♁ (SAM-ENW-B006109). Otjozonjupa: Okahandja , [21°59′S, 16°55′E], 1♀, RII/10988/648 ( SMF 9910988 ) (together with 1♁ of W. mabweana ) .— SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Dunbrody , 33°30′S, 25°36′E, 1898, J.A. O’Neil, 3♀ of which 2 with epigynes not fully developed (SAM-ENW-X008385) (together with 3♀ of W. enucleata ) ; Graaff-Reinet , [32°19′S, 24°32′E], Mrs Leppan, 1♁ 2♀ ( CARS) . KwaZulu-Natal: Klip river 10 km W of Ladysmith, 28°33′S, 29º47′E, 1200 m, Sep.1980, H. D. Shaw-Copeland, 1♀ ( MRAC 166511 ) ; Near Mzimba-Hill , 19–25 Dec. 1931, F. Haas, 2♀ ( SMF 2274 ) . Limpopo: Dendron , [23°22′S, 29°19′E], 13 Jun. 1967, N. Genis, 1♁ ( NCA AcAT 76/380) . Mpumalanga: Lower Sabie river, Sabie camp, bank, 25°06′S, 30°48′E, 18–22 Aug. 1931, F. Haas, 4♀ ( SMF 2278 ) ; Kruger National Park, between Sabie River and Olifants River , Satara camp, 24°24′S, 31°48′E, 27 Aug. 1931, F. Haas, 1♀ ( SMF 2276 ) . Northern Cape: Blaauwkrantz , S of Calvinia, 31°42′S, 19°42′E, Jan. 1903, G. French, 2♀ (SAM-ENW-X012699) ; Garies , [30°33′S, 17°59′E], 14 Nov. 1949, B. Malkin, 1♀ ( CAS-ENT 9046047 ) . Western Cape: Laingsburg , 33°12′S, 20°54′E, Sep. 1896, F. Purcell, 2♁ 2♀ (SAM-ENW-X003955) ; Paarl , [33°44′S, 18°58′E], 16 Oct. 1949, B. Malkin, 3♀ ( CAS-ENT 9046032 ) ; Kruis River, S of Verlorenvlei at Elands Bay , [32°36′S, 18°43′E], pit traps, Oct. 1996, M. Wishart, 1♁ 4♀ ( NCA AcAT 96/395) .— ZAMBIA. Northern Province: Nsombo at Lake Bangweolo , 10°54′S, 30°E, 24–31 Oct. 1931, F. Haas, 4♀ ( SMF 2280 ) .— ZIMBABWE. Mashonaland East: Mutoko , 17°24′S, 32°12′E, 30 Sep. 1931, F. Haas, 1♀ ( SMF 2277 ) . Matabeleland North: Umguza River , [20.05ºS, 28.37ºE], 22 Jul. 1997, W.J. Pulawski, 1♀ ( CAS-ENT 9046052 ) .

Diagnosis. The male differs from other Wadicosa species, except W. enucleata and W. mabweana , by an exceptionally long and looped embolus. It differs from the male of the latter two species by the long thin distal part of the embolus ( Figs 3F , 4F ), by the tegular apophysis having an anteriorly directed membraneous portion ( Fig. 3C, F , 4C, F ) and by the anterior tegular retrolateral process resembling a bird’s head ( Fig. 4F, I ). The female differs from those in the two other species by the configuration of the epigyne, e. g., the epigynal cavity raised posteriorly (in ventral view) to a distinct transverse ridge bent forwards at each side ( Fig. 5D , 6E–F ).

Description. Male ( Namibia, Windhoek). Total length 7.0. Carapace 3.60 long, 2.80 wide.

Cephalothorax ( Fig. 2G–H ). Carapace light to dark brown with yellowish median field with jagged edge. Lateral bands, sometimes hardly traceable, broken into yellowish small patches with whitish hairs. Thoracic sides with short recumbent dark hairs, median field with pubescence of long white hairs continuing forwards to AME (often rubbed off). Clypeus and chelicerae brownish, latter medially yellowish. Sternum light brownish.

Eyes. Width of row I 58 (slightly procurved as seen from front), row II 73, row III 94, row II–III 72. Diameter of AME 16, ALE 12, PME 27, PLE 22. Distance between AME 8, between AME and ALE 2.

Abdomen ( Fig. 2G–H ). Dorsally greyish brown with pattern of light yellowish spots. Long spot sometimes broken at each side of greyish brown lanceolate stripe. Paired spots with median dark dot at rear end of lanceolate stripe. Light yellowish bars medially in posterior slope of dorsum. Venter light yellow with recumbent white pubescence and scattered short dark hairs.

Legs (Table I). Brownish to yellowish with faint darker annulation.

Palp ( Figs 3C, F , 4C, F, I ). Pt 0.65, Ti 0.50, Cy 1.85. All segments brownish to yellowish. Tegular apophysis in ventral view ( Fig. 3C ) with sclerotized portion somewhat triangular, lower distal “corner” with hook-like process. Sclerotized portion connected to unsclerotized portion protruding anteriorly. Anterior retrolateral tegular process in retrolateral view rounded, pointed ventrad (resembling a bird’s head: Fig. 4F, I ). Conductor not discernable. Embolus ( Figs 3C, F , 4C, F ) extremely long, looped, proximally wide, gradually narrowing to thin distal portion.

Female ( Zimbabwe: Umguza River). Total length 9.5. Carapace 4.65 long, 3.55 wide.

Cephalothorax and abdomen ( Fig. 2I ). Similar to male but lateral yellowish patches on carapace distinct.

Eyes. Width of row I 73 (slightly procurved as seen from front), row II 95, row III 126, row II–III 93. Diameter of AME 18, ALE 13, PME 34, PLE 30. Distance between AME 12, between AME and ALE 3.

Legs ( Table 1). Brownish with yellowish annulation.

Female genitalia ( Figs 5D , 6E–F , 7C, F, I ). Epigyne with median cavity wider than long, anteriorly covered by rounded cuticular protrusion, directed backward, of the same width as the cavity. Anterior to the protrusion two foveolae which may be separate or more or less confluent. Median cavity posteriorly raised into a distinct, partly corrugated transverse ridge bent forwards at each side. Internally: Spermathecae bifurcated with sausage-shaped accessory rugose structures ( Fig. 7F ).

Size variation. Carapace lengths of material measured: males 2.75–3.95 (N=10), females 3.25–4.65 (N=15). The span in size is noteworthy: the carapace of a male from Brukkaros Crater measured 2.75 in length while that of a male from Dendron ( Fig. 2H ) measured 3.95.

Remark. The species was mentioned as Wadicosa manubriata in Dippenaar-Schoeman & Jocqué (1997), but the combination has not formally been accepted ( World Spider Catalog 2022).

Distribution ( Fig. 10 ). Angola, Botswana, DR Congo, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Figures

FIGURE 1. A–C. Wadicosa manubriata (Simon), male. A. Right palp in retrolateral view, from Simon (1898: fig. 356). B–C. Holotype, right palp in retrolateral view (B), and left palp in antero-ventral view (C). Photographs by C. Hervé, MNHN. D–E. W. sordidecolorata (Strand), epigynes, from Strand (1908): D pl. 8, fig. 16 (“Lycosa sordide-colorata”) and E pl. 8, fig.9 (“Lycosa darolii”). F. W. enucleata (Roewer), epigyne, from Roewer (1959, fig. 62b). G–I. W. manubriata (Simon), from Roewer 1959, fig. 63a–c), G. Right palp in retrolateral view. H. Left palp in ventral view. I. Epigyne. (G and H obviously drawn from microslide SMF 13616 (RII 4914/252) in which the embolus in ventral view is distorted similarly to that shown in H.) K. W. mabweana (Roewer), epigyne, from Roewer (1959, fig. 54a). L–M. W. sordidecolorata (Strand), from Roewer (1959, fig. 30a–c). L. Right male palp. M. “Lamella characteristica”= tegular apophysis. N. Epigyne. O. Pardosa darolii (Strand). from Roewer (1959, fig. 20).

FIGURE 2. Habitus, dorsal view.A–C. Wadicosa enucleata (Roewer).A ♁ from Tanzania: Mkomazi, B ♁ from Nigeria: Ilorin. C ♀ from Tanzania: Kyela. D–F. W. mabweana (Roewer). D ♁ and F ♀ from DR Congo: Mikembo, E ♁ from Namibia:Andara. G–I. W. manubriata (Simon). G ♁ from Namibia: Brukkaros Crater. H ♁ from South Africa: Dendron. I ♀ from Zimbabwe: Umguza River. Scale bar: 2 mm (A–I).

FIGURE 3. Right male palp, ventral view (A–C) and retrolateral view (D–F). A, D. Wadicosa enucleata (Roewer) from Tanzania: Kyela. B, E. W. mabweana (Roewer) from DR Congo: Mikembo. C, F. W. manubriata (Simon) from Namibia: Brukkaros Crater. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A–F).

FIGURE 4. Bulbus of left male palp in ventral (A–C) and retrolateral (D–F, detail enlarged in G–I), view. A, D, G. Wadicosa enucleata (Roewer) from Tanzania: Kyela. B, E, H. W. mabweana (Roewer) from DR Congo: Mikembo. C, F, I. W. manubriata (Simon) from Namibia: Windhoek. Arrows point at posterior retrolateral tegular process. Scale bars: 300 µm (A–F), 200 µm (G–I).

FIGURE 5. Epigyne, ventral view. A. Wadicosa enucleata (Roewer) from Tanzania: Kyela. B, C. W. mabweana (Roewer), from DR Congo: Mikembo. D. W. manubriata (Simon), from Zimbabwe: Umguza River. E. W. sordidecolorata (Strand), from Cameroon: Koum. Scale bar: 0.2 mm (A–E).

FIGURE 6. Epigyne, ventral view.A–B. Wadicosa enucleata (Roewer), A holotype, B from Zimbabwe: Batoka Gorge. C–D. W. mabweana (Roewer), C lectotype, D from Namibia:Andara. E–F. W. manubriata (Simon), E from Namibia: Windhoek, F from Namibia: Brukkaros Crater. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 7. Epigyne in ventral (A, B, C) and female genitalia in dorsal (D–F, details in G–I) view.A, D, G. Wadicosa enucleata (Roewer) from Zimbabwe: Batoka Gorge. B, E, H. W. mabweana (Roewer) from DR Congo: Mikembo. C, F, I. W. manubriata (Simon), C from Namibia: Windhoek, F from South Africa: Paarl (F). Scale bars: 300 µm (A–F), 50 µm (G–I).

FIGURE 10. Collection localities for Wadicosa enucleata (Roewer), W. mabweana (Roewer), W. manubriata (Simon) and W. sordidecolorata (Strand).