Rewafulvius Carvalho, 1972

Wolski, Andrzej & Gorczyca, Jacek, 2014, Notes on the genera Peritropisca Carvalho & Lorenzato and Rewafulvius Carvalho (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae), with the description of a new species of Peritropisca from Indonesia, Zootaxa 3753 (2), pp. 155-166 : 163-164

Rewafulvius Carvalho, 1972

(Figures 5–10, 31, 31–34)

Rewafulvius Carvalho 1972: 53 (gen. nov.); Carvalho & Froeschner 1987: 134 (list); Schuh 1995: 35 (catalog); Gorczyca 2000: 49 (list), 2006: 66 (catalog), 2002–2013 online (online catalog) (catalog). Type species: Rewafulvius brachypterus Carvalho, 1972 (original designation).

Euchilofulviella Gorczyca 1999: 3 , 9 (gen. nov.); Gorczyca 2000: 49 (list), 2006: 30 (catalog); Schuh 2002-2013 (online catalog). Type species: Euchilofulviella ernsti Gorczyca, 1999 (original designation) syn. nov.

Diagnosis. Recognized by the following set of features: strong brachyptery in both sexes (Figs. 5–8); macropterous forms with hemelytron somewhat narrowed at basal one fourth (Figs. 7–8); endosoma membranous, with large, bifurcated, medial sclerite ( Fig. 31 ); left paramere with apical process strongly protruding from paramere body, with distinct tooth situated on medial portion of dorsal surface; sensory lobe somewhat convex, covered with few long, protruding, bristlelike setae ( Figs. 32–33 );

Redescription. Brachypterous male. STRUCTURE, TEXTURE, AND VESTITURE (Figs. 5, 9). Dorsum covered with relatively dense, fine, scalelike, almost reclining setae weakly broadened toward apex. Head. Elongated horizontally, conical, weakly rugose (Fig. 5); eye small, reaching gula (Fig. 9); vertex and frons just slightly convex; vertex without occipital carina; antennal segment I cylindrical, mixed with moderately distributed, reclining setae and with few, protruding setae; segment II slightly thickened toward apex, covered with moderately dense, semirecumbent setae; segments III and IV thin, covered with relatively sparse, almost protruding setae; labium thin, with apex somewhat reaching beyond metacoxae; segment I divided medially. Thorax. Pronotum. Subquadrate, weakly rugose, except for relatively strongly wrinkled posterior portion of pronotal calli, humeral angles and their surrounding area; collar well developed and separated from remainder of pronotum; calli convex, occupying almost entirely surface of pronotum sloping to posterior margin, except humeral angles and small area contiguous with humeral angles (Fig. 5). Mesoscutum and scutellum. Scutellum somewhat rugose, mostly flattened with just slightly convex, longitudinal, medial elevation originating from base to apex (Fig. 5). Thoracic pleura. Almost without setae; proepisternum and proepimeron shiny; remaining pleura weakly rugose; scent gland efferent system weakly developed, reduced to posterior margin of metepisternum. Hemelytron. Rounded laterally; dorsal surface with sculpturation based on very small tubercles forming very small, numerous rounded structures (as on Fig. 31 ); cuneus not separated from remainder of hemelytron by costal fracture; membrane just slightly developed, inner margin weakly overlapping other membrane (Fig. 5). Legs. Relatively long; tarsus bisegmented; tarsomere II not subdivided; pretarsal claw toothed subapically.

Macropterous male. STRUCTURE, TEXTURE, AND VESTITURE (Figs. 7, 10, 31). Dorsum, thoracic pleura, legs as in brachypterous male. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapezoidal. Hemelytron. Lateral margin somewhat constricted at basal one fourth, remainder of lateral margin very weakly rounded; costal fracture present; membrane well developed; major cell relatively small, almost rectangular; minor cell small (Fig. 7).

Male genitalia. Aedeagus ( Fig. 31 ). Endosoma membranous with large, bifurcated medial sclerite, which left branch is sharp and long, reaching subapically of endosoma and right branch broadened apically, about two times shorter than left branch; DSS short and indistinct, broadened basally, and nearly cylindrical at apical half. Left paramere ( Figs. 32–33 ). Apical process strongly protruding from paramere body, with distinct tooth situated on medial portion of dorsal surface; sensory lobe somewhat convex, covered with few long, protruding, bristlelike setae. Right paramere ( Fig. 34 ). Apical process relatively long, thin perpendicular to paramere body; paramere body ovoid, relatively broad, with bundle of rather short setae dorsally.

Brachypterous female. STRUCTURE, TEXTURE, AND VESTITURE (Fig. 6). As in brachypterous male.

Macropterous female. STRUCTURE, TEXTURE, AND VESTITURE (Fig. 8). As in macropterous male.

Measurements. Brachypterous form ♀ (n=2)/♂ (n=1) (holotype measurements second): Body. Length 2.6– 3.9/2.6 (2.6), width 1.15–1.5/0.9 (0.9). Head. Length 0.63–0.73/0.6 (0.6), width 0.58/0.5 (0.5), interocular distance 0.3/0.2 (0.2). Antenna. Length of segment I 0.38/0.4 (0.4), ♂: II 0.6 (0.6), III, IV—missing in examined specimens. Labium ♀: Length of segment I 0.43–0.63, II 0.62, III 0.66, IV 0.44. Pronotum. Length 0.6/0.5 (0.5), width of anterior margin ♀: 0.43–0.5, length of lateral margin ♀: 0.65–0.66, width of posterior margin 0.78/0.6 (0.6).

Macropterous form ♀ (n=1)/♂ (n=1). Body. Length 3.12/3.3, width 1.3/1.1. Head. Length 0.54/0.65, width 0.49/0.56, interocular distance 0.13/0.28. Antenna ♀: Length of segment I 0.39, II 0.94, III 0.47, IV 0.65. Labium ♂: Length of segment I 0.5, II 1.02, III 0.61, IV 0.33. Pronotum. Length 0.57/0.59, width of anterior margin 0.46/ 0.47, length of lateral margin 0.65/0.69, width of posterior margin 1.0/1.0.

Discussion. The wing polymorphism in the subfamily Cylapinae although rare, is present in four out of five currently recognized tribes. Only in the tribe Bothriomirini all known species are macropterous ( Wolski & Gorczyca 2012). The wing modification present in the genus Rewafulvius , with clavus and corium separated and only the inner portion of the membrane overlapping, can be classified as brachyptery sensu Schuh & Slater (1995, according to Slater 1975). Within the Cylapinae similar modification of the hemelytron can be found in the genera Fulvius (F. s l a t er i Wheeler) ( Henry et al. 2011: Fig. 4), Hemiophthalmocoris Poppius (e.g. H. asthenops Gorczyca (Gorczyca 2000 : Fig. 30 A), and in Rhinocylapoides brachypterus Wolski & Gorczyca (Wolski & Gorczyca 2011 : Fig. 1). The wing modification most commonly occurring in Cylapinae is staphylinoidy. It is found in many species from Australian Region belonging to the genera Carvalhoma Slater & Gross (Slater & Gross 1977 : Figs. 6–7), Fulvioaustrus Carvalho (Carvalho 1991 : Fig. 14 ), Austrovannius Cassis, Schwartz & Moulds , and Vanniopsis Cassis, Schwartz & Moulds (Cassis et al. 2003 : Figs. 3D, 6, 8, 13) and also in Afrotropical Rhinofulvius albifrons (Reuter) ( Gorczyca 2000: 44A). Coleoptery sensu Schuh & Slater (1995) is present in the genera Howefulvius Schmitz & Štys (Schmitz & Štys 1978: Fig. 1), Schizopteromiris Schuh (Schuh 1986 : Fig. 7, 6) (both from the Australian Region), Brachyfulvius Carvalho (Carvalho 1955 : Fig. 72) from Jamaica, Corcovadocola Carvalho (Carvalho 1948: 2) from Brazil, and Afrofulvius Gorczyca (Gorczyca 2000 : Fig. 20 ) from the Afrotropics. Microptery sensu Schuh & Slater (1995) has so far been documented only once, in Mangalocoris miniatus Murphy & Polhemus from the Oriental Region ( Murphy & Polhemus 2012: Figs. 1A–D). The wing modification in Cylapinae is found in both sexes (e.g. Austrovannius , Rewafulvius , Schizopteromiris ) or occurs only in females (e.g. Corcovodocola, Fulvius slateri ).

Figures

FIGURES 23 – 33. Structure and vestiture of head (23 – 26), pronotum (27 - 28), hemelytron (29 – 31), and metepisternum (32 – 33): 23, 27, 30. Peritropisca bituberculata; 24, 28. P. laticostata; 25, 29, 32. Euchilofulvius tibialis; 26. E. lepidopterus; 31. Rewafulvius brachypterus. HT = hemelytral tubercles.

FIGURES 34 – 37. Male genitalia of Rewafulvius brachypterus: 34. Endosoma (dorsolateral view); 35 – 36. Left paramere (35: right lateral view; 36: dorsal view); 37. Right paramere (left lateral view).

FIGURES 11 – 22. Male genitalia of Peritropisca bituberculata (11 – 16) and P. laticostata (17 – 22): 11, 17. Endosoma (dorsolateral view); 12, 18. Right lateral view of left paramere; 13, 19. Dorsal view of apical process of left paramere; 14, 20. Left lateral view of left paramere; 15, 21. Dorsolateral view of left paramere body; 16, 22. Left lateral view of right paramere. AL = apical lobe; APR = apical process; BPR = basal process; DSS = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; ML = medial lobe; PB = paramere body.