Pinodytes haidagwaii Peck & Cook, 2011

Peck, Stewart B. & Cook, Joyce, 2011, Systematics, distributions and bionomics of the Catopocerini (eyeless soil fungivore beetles) of North America (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Catopocerinae) 3077, Zootaxa 3077 (1), pp. 1-118 : 45-46

Pinodytes haidagwaii Peck & Cook , new species

( Figs. 38 , 265B , 343–350 )

Type material. Holotype: male ( CNCI). CANADA. British Columbia: Queen Charlotte Is.: Kiusta, Graham Is., J.M. Campbell, 17.VIII.1983, 83-90, sifting squirrel midden . Paratypes (5). CANADA. British Columbia: same data as holotype, 1 ( CNCI); Massett, Graham Is., III.46, Mrs. Clark, sifting moss, etc., 1 ( MCZC); Queen Charlotte

Is., Graham Is., 1miNW Tlell, 9.VII.84, R.S. Anderson, Sitka spruce/hemlock forest, 1 ( SBPC) ; Queen Charlotte Is., Lyall Is., Gate Ck., 10.VIII.1983, J.M. Campbell, 83-71, sifting alder litter, 1 ( CNCI) ; Queen Charlotte Is., Moresby Is., Cumshewa , 14.VIII.1983, J.M. Campbell, 83-82, sifting squirrel midden beside totem pole, 1 ( CNCI) .

Material examined. We have examined 6 specimens.

Distribution. Specimens ( Fig. 265B ) are known only from Graham, Lyall, and Moresby Islands of the Haida Gwaii (formerly Queen Charlotte) Islands, British Columbia. The species is endemic to these islands, and its restriction to this island group argues that it survived Pleistocene glaciation on the islands. Therefore the islands (and their enlarged areas with lower sea levels) were not entirely ice covered, and they served as a glacial refugium. Other plants and animals are also known to occur only on these islands, and they are additional evidence for their being at least partly ice free and acting as a refugium ( Scudder and Gessler 1989).

This is the only species that has been found in sympatry (co-occurrence) with another species of Pinodytes ( P. cryptophagoides ). We interpret the case to be one in which P. haidagwaii originated on the Haida Gwaii Islands, and P. cryptophagoides dispersed to the islands in a later, possibly postglacial, time. There are three collection events in which the two species were found together.

Diagnostic description. Total length 2.30–3.04 mm; greatest width 1.05–1.24 mm. Reddish brown; elongate in shape ( Fig. 38 ). Head. Finely punctate, punctures separated by 2–5 diameters; with a mixture of reticulate and substriate microsculpture. Eyes absent. Antenna ( Fig. 343 ) with antennomeres 2 and 3 subequal in length; antennomere 5 larger than 4 and 6; antennomere 7 clearly larger than 8; antennomeres 9 and 10 lack visible sensory vesicles. Pronotum. Finely punctate, punctures separated by 2–4 diameters, with a few larger punctures, usually paired; with reticulate microsculpture. Sides weakly rounded, widest near middle; apical margin weakly emarginate, basal margin straight; apical angles rounded, basal angles weakly obtuse. Elytra. Strial punctures moderately coarse; striae irregularly impressed; interstrial punctures fine; imbricate microsculpture near base. Joined elytra slightly wider than pronotum; sides subparallel in basal one-half, narrowing apically. Legs. Protibia ( Fig. 344 ) broad at apex in male; two curved spines at apex of outer margin; apical one-half of inner margin with fine, dense spines. Mesotibia ( Fig. 345 ) weakly curved in male, with strong spines on outer margin and apically. Metatibia ( Fig. 346 ) slender, widened apically. Metafemur ( Fig. 346 ) slender. Male protarsomeres ( Fig. 344 ) weakly expanded; protarsomere 1 as long as 2–4 combined; bearing elongate setae laterally and thin, broad, colorless phanerae ventrally. Mesotarsomeres without phanerae. Venter. Mesoventrite ( Fig. 350 ) carinate; longitudinal carina with a median tooth; depressed anterior to median tooth; excavation behind transverse carina. Male genitalia. Median lobe of aedeagus ( Figs. 347, 348 ) elongate, broad, evenly curved at basal one-third; sharply angulate before elongate, flattened apex. Inverted internal sac ( Fig. 348 ) with a cluster of short, broad spines apically, elongate spines medially, and large spines basally. Parameres ( Figs. 347, 348 ) slender, less than two-thirds length of median lobe; each paramere bearing one apical and one subapical seta. Spermatheca. Elongate ( Fig. 349 ), tubular, sigmoid in shape.

Etymology. The name haidagwaii , a noun in apposition, refers to the distribution of this species on the Haida Gwaii Islands, British Columbia.

Figures

FIGURES 37–43. Pinodytes habitus photos. 37. P.garibaldi, total length 2.80 mm. 38. P. haidagwaii, total length 3.04 mm. 39. P. isabella, total length 2.18 mm. 40. P.orca, total length 4.20 mm. 41. P.setosus, total length 1.96 mm. 42. P. shoshone, total length 2.18 mm. 43. P. sinuatus, total length 2.28 mm.

FIGURE265. Distributions of species in the Pinodytes cryptophagoides species group in northwestern North America. Map A. P. cryptophagoides, dots, extending from southeastern Washington State, through coastal mainland and insular British Columbia, to Sitka, Alaska. The distribution may have been achieved by coastal currents and dispersal on slide rafts. Map B. P. haidagwaii, dots, restricted to the Haida Gwaii (Formerly Queen Charlotte) Islands. This distribution argues for Pleistocene survival on the islands, which served as a Pleistocene refugium, and possibly for a pre-Pleistocene speciation event on the islands.

FIGURES 343–350. Pinodytes haidagwaii. 343. Male right antenna, dorsal. 344. Male right protibia and protarsus. 345. Male right mesotibia. 346. Male right metafemur and metatibia. 347. Aedeagus, lateral. 348. Aedeagus, dorsal. 349. Spermatheca. 350. Mesoventrite, lateral. Scale bar = 0.2 mm (Fig. 349), 0.45 mm (Fig. 348), 0.5 mm (Figs. 343–347, 350).