Closterocerus trimaculatus, Hansson, 2022

Hansson, Christer, 2022, Eulophidae Of Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), 4 The Genus Closterocerus Westwood S. Str., Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) 1 (1), pp. 1-137 : 78-79

Closterocerus trimaculatus sp.nov.

( Figs 5 , 171–173 , 206 , 228 )

Diagnosis. Frontofacial suture straight, vertex flat and in same plane as thoracic dorsum (both characters difficult to see in many specimens since head is collapsed); scape almost rectangular, with ±parallel ventral and dorsal margins, all flagellomeres distinctly separated ( Figs 172, 173 , 228 ); pronotal collar without a carina along anterior margin ( Figs 171 ); midlobe of mesoscutum with two pairs of setae, anterior pair only one-half as long as posterior pair ( Fig. 171 ); thoracic dorsum smooth and shiny ( Figs 171 ); fore wing ( Figs 5 , 171 , 206 ) hyaline with three infuscate spots, one at medio-apical margin, one just below stigmal vein, and one at ventral margin below stigmal vein, infuscate spots with flattened setae on dorsal surface of membrane, cubital vein strongly curved upwards, marginal fringe long, longest setae 0.43× maximum width of wing; length of body both sexes 0.6–1.0mm.

Female holotype: length of body 0.8mm.

Antenna completely dark brown. Frons golden-red. Vertex metallic bluish-green. Mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and dorsellum metallic bluish-purple. Propodeum golden-purple. Legs with fore coxa infuscate, mid and hind coxae dark brown; fore femur and tibia white with ventral margin dark brown, mid and hind femora dark brown; mid tibia white with ventral margin dark brown, hind tibia dark brown; tarsi whitish. Fore wing hyaline with three infuscate spots, one at medio-apical margin, one just below stigmal vein, and one at ventral margin below stigmal vein; hind wing hyaline. Petiole dark brown. Gastral tergites dark brown with metallic purple and green tinges.

Antenna flattened, scape with ±parallel dorsal and ventral margins. Frons and vertex smooth and shiny. Frontofacial suture straight. Subtorular sutures present but very short. Occipital margin rounded.

Pronotal collar without a carina along anterior margin. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum smooth and shiny; notauli distinct in anterior one-half; midlobe of mesoscutum with two pairs of setae, anterior pair one-half as long as posterior pair. Dorsellum flat and smooth. Propodeum smooth and shiny; callus with two setae. Fore wing with speculum closed; with a stigmal hairline and with radial cell bare.

Petiole short and smooth. Gaster circular.

Relative measurements: head length dorsal 12; head length frontal 16; head width 24; POL 4; OOL 2; lateral ocellus maximum width 2; eye length 12.5; malar space 3.5; mouth width 9; mesosoma length 25; mesosoma width 20; mesoscutellum length 10; mesoscutellum width 12; fore wing length 44; fore wing width 23; marginal vein length 23; postmarginal vein length 2; stigmal vein length 4; fore wing marginal fringe length 10; gaster length 26; gaster width 23.

Variation in paratype material. Length of body: 0.6–1.0mm. Antennal flagellum with F5 dark brown to white. Vertex metallic bluish-green, bluish-purple, or golden-purple. Mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and dorsellum metallic bluish-purple, bluish-green, or golden-purple.

Male ( Figs 170 , 173 ). Length of body 0.6–1.0mm. Very similar to the female except for shape and colour of gaster that is elongate with a pale non-metallic spot.

Hosts. Unknown.

Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador.

Material examined.

Type material. Holotype ♀ “ COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, Golfo Dulce , 3km SW Rincon, 10m, xi.1991, P. Hanson ” ( NHMUK) . Paratypes (73♀ 149♂, CNC, MZLU, MZUCR, NHMUK) : 2♀ “ COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, Golfo Dulce , 24km W Piedras Blancas, 200m, 8˚46’N, 83˚24’W, i-iii.1991, P. Hanson ” ; 2♀ “ COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, Golfo Dulce , 10km W Piedras Blancas, 100m, iii-v.1989, P. Hanson ” ; 1♂ “ COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, R.P. Karen Mogensen , 9º52′N 85º03′W, 305m, 11-21.ii.2005, C. Hansson ”; following from same locality as previous but collected 14-15.ii.2005 (2♀ 3♂), 17-18.ii.2011 (1♀ 1♂), 23-24.ii.2013 (1♀ 2♂) ; 16♀ 106♂ “ COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, P.N. Corcovado, Sirena , 5m, 8˚29’N, 83˚35’W, 19-20.ii.2004, J.S. Noyes ” ; 2♀ COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, Golfito, P.N. Corcovado, Send. a Sirena , 100m, 25.xii.2000 - 13.ii.2001, J. Azofeifa, LS 514200_276500, #61322”; following from same locality as previous but collected 25.xii.2000 - 13.ii.2001 (1♀), 13.ii-18.iii.2001 (4♀), 18.iii-5.v.2001 (5♀), 20.ii.2002 (3♀ 14♂) ; 1♀ 1♂ “ COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, Est Agujas, Cerro Quebraditos 782m, 15.iii-28.iv.2001. J. Azofeifa, MT, LS 521400/274300, #62408” ; 1♂ “ COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, Los Charcos de Osa , 8º40′N, 83º30′W, 50m, 18-19.ii.2008, J.S. Noyes ” ; 1♂ “ COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, P.N. Piedras Blancas, Estación El Bonito , 100m, 8˚43’N, 83˚13’W, 13-14.ii.2012, J.S. Noyes, NHM (Ent) 2012-91” ; 2♀ “ COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, P.N. Carara , 9º46′N, 84º57′W, 41m, 1-7. iii.2005, C. Hansson ” ; 2♀ “ COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, San Vito, Las Cruces , 8º47’N, 82º58’W, 1000-1300m, 7-19.ii.2007, C. Hansson ” ; 2♀ from same locality as previous but collected 15-16.ii.2006 ; 1♀ “ COSTA RICA: Alajuela, P.N. Arenal, Send. Pilón , 10º27’N, 84º43’W, 26.ii.2003, J.S. Noyes ” ; 1♀ “ COSTA RICA: Alajuela, R.F. Rincon, Estación Caribe , 10º53’N, 83º18’W, 19-20.ii.2003, J.S. Noyes ” ; 1♂ “ COSTA RICA: Alajuela, 7km N Boca Tapada, Laguna Lagarto Lodge , 55m, 10˚41’N, 84˚11’W, 18-19.ii.2018, J.S. Noyes, NHM (Ent) 2018-87” ; 1♀ “ COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Santa Rosa N.P., 27.ix-18.x.1986, D. Janzen, & I.D. Gauld ” ; 1♀ “ COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Bagaces, P.N. Palo Verde , 0.150km NE de Est., 0-50m, 13.ix-12. x1999, I. Jiménez, MT, LN 260952 /385020#53503” ; 1♀ “ COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, A.C.T, Bagaces, P.N. Palo Verde, Sct Catalina. 0-50m, 8-12.ix.1999, I. Jiménez, de Luz, LN 260952/385020, #53252” ; 5♀ “ COSTA RICA: Heredia, La Selva , 50m, ii.1991, J.S. Noyes ”; following from same locality as previous but collected iv.1991 (1♀), xi.1992 (1♀), xii.1992 (1♀), 30-31.iii.2002 (1♂), 27-28.ii.2003 (1♂), 28-29.ii.2008 (6♂), 22-24. ii.2012 (1♂) ; 1♀ “ COSTA RICA: Limón, 4km NE Bribri , 50m, xii.1989 - iii-1990, P. Hanson ” ; 1♀ “ COSTA RICA: Limón, Valle de la Estrella, R.B. Hitoy Cerere, Send. Toma de Agua , 140m, 8.v.1999, F. Umaña, MT, LN 184300/643500, #54234”; following from same locality as previous but collected 17.ix-10.x.1999 (2♀), 11.x-11.xi.1999 (1♀), 22-23.ii.2010 (1♀) ; 1♀ “ COSTA RICA: Limón, R.B. Hitoy-Cerere , 100m, 9˚40’N, 83˚02’W, 24-25.ii.2004, J.S. Noyes ”; following from same locality as previous but collected 21-22.ii.2006 (1♂), 24-26.ii.2008 (1♂) ; 4♀ 4♂ from same locality as previous but collected 20-22.ii.2006 ; 1♀ “ COSTA RICA: Limón, P.N. Tortuguero, Estación Agua Fria, Sendero Real , 20-50m, 16.viii.2004, M. Moraga, LN 266825/ 582339, #77975” ; 1♀ “ COSTA RICA: Turrialba, CATIE, Reventazon , 4.ix.1986, L. Masner ” . 2♀ “ BRAZIL: Bahia Itabuna , viii.1983, F. Benton ” . 1♀ “ COLOMBIA: Amazonas, PNN Amacayacu, San Martin , 03º23’N, 70º06’W, 150m, 19-26.iii.2000, B.Amado ” ; 1♀ “ ECUADOR: Napo, P. Misahualli , 350m, ii.1983, M. Sharkey ” .

Etymology. From the Latin tri = three, and macula = spot, referring to the three infuscate spots in the fore wing.

Figures

Fig. 5. Closterocerus trimaculatus, habitus dorsal view, ♀ paratype. Length of specimen 0.9mm.

Figs 171–177. Closterocerus spp. C. trimaculatus – (171) habitus dorsal view, paratype ♀; (172) habitus lateral view, paratype ♀; (173) habitus lateral view, paratype ♂. C. tischeriae, holotype ♀ – (174) habitus lateral view. C. triquetrus – (175) habitus dorsal view, holotype ♀; (176) habitus lateral view, holotype ♀; (177) head frontal view, paratype ♂.

Figs 205–213. Closterocerus spp., fore wing ♀ – (205) C. alpestris; (206) C. trimaculatus; (207) C. cinctipennis; (208) C. coffeellae; (209) C. complanatus; (210) C. deltoides; (211) C. mirandus; (212) C. nitidulus; (213) C. petiolatus.

Figs 224–232. Closterocerus spp. ♀ – 224–229. Antenna lateral view – (224) C. petiolatus; (225) C. platycerus; (226) C. triquetrus; (227) C. scitulus; (228) C. trimaculatus; (229) C. stigmalis. – 230. C. woolleyi ♀, head+antenna lateral view. – 231–232. Head frontal view – (231) C. woolleyi; (232) C. nitidulus.

Figs 164–170. Closterocerus spp. C. tapantibius, ♀ – (164) habitus dorsal view, holotype; (165) habitus lateral view, paratype; (166) vertex, holotype. C. tischeriae – (167) habitus lateral view, paratype ♂; (168) habitus dorsal view, paratype ♀; (169) habitus dorsal view, paratype ♂. C. triquetrus, paratype ♂ – (170) habitus dorsal view.