Polybia filiformis (de Saussure, 1954)

Borges, Rafael Cabral & Silveira, Orlando Tobias, 2019, Revision of the species-group of Mischocyttarus (Omega) filiformis (de Saussure 1854), with description of three new species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae), Zootaxa 4657 (3), pp. 545-564 : 548

Key to species of the M. filiformis species-group

1- First metasomal segment exceptionally long, longer than mesosoma, and almost linear in dorsal view ( Fig. 4 ); pronotal carina in dorsal view smoothly curved medially, projecting at sides as relatively low and round humeral lobes ( Fig. 22 ); sculpture of mesosoma stronger ( Fig. 22 )....................................................... M. filiformis (de Saussure)

1’- First metasomal segment shorter than mesosoma; pronotal carina often with a straight sector medially ( Figs 23–27 ), humeral lobes a little larger and more salient, rather quadrate......................................................... 2

2- First metasomal segment roughly linear in dorsal view, about as long as [mesoscutum + scutellum + metanotum] ( Figs 13 , 31); claws of hind tarsus symmetrical (Fig. 33a)................................................................ 3

2’- First metasomal segment shorter than [mesoscutum + scutellum + metanotum]; claws of hind tarsus asymmetrical (Fig. 33b) ................................................................................................... 4

3- Ground color black with a few yellow marks ( Figs 27 , 29, 31).................................... M. nazgul sp. nov.

3’- Ground color yellow with black to brown marks ( Figs 13 , 19 , 25 )................................. M. asahi sp. nov.

4- Size large, fore wing length ca. 12mm; first metasomal segment linear basally, with sides diverging only after spiracles ( Fig. 8 ); propodeal furrow narrow, propodeal valve high and narrow, with round margin; color yellow with black to brown marks ( Fig. 8 , 15, 17 )........................................................................... M. omicron Richards

4- Size small; first metasomal segment with sides diverging from a point anterior to spiracles; propodeal furrow wider, propodeal valve wider below, more triangular in shape................................................................ 5

5- Ground color black with few yellow marks ( Figs 9 , 20 , 23 , 28)................................. M. buyssoni (Ducke)

5’- Color yellow with black to brown marks.................................................................. 6

6- Gena wide; humeral lobes less prominent; hind tibia and tarsus black; disks of metasomal terga light testaceous above ( Figs 10, 11 ).............................................................................. M. napoensis Richards

6’- Gena very narrow, poorly visible in lateral view; humeral lobes more prominent; hind tibia light brown with yellow marks; hind tarsus light brown to black apically; metasomal terga 1–6 dark brown to black above ( Figs 12 ).. M. kallindusfloren sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURES 1–5. Body measurements. 1 (head): clypeus height (HCLP) and width (WCLP), head width between eyes at ocular sinus (INTOW), and height (FHH); 2 (mesosoma part.): width of pronotal carina (WCAR), and mesoscutum length (LMS) and width (WMS); 3: mesopleuron height (HMP); 4: first metasomal tergum length (LSI), and apical width (WSI); 5: fore wing discal cell length (LDIS).

FIGURES 22–27. Anterior dorsal view of mesosoma (females, except 27; all from Brazil). 22: M. filiformis (Pará, Belém, Utinga; MPEG); 23: M. buyssoni (R. de Janeiro; MPEG); 24: M. omicron (Pará, Carajás; MPEG); 25: holotype of M. asahi sp. nov. (Pará, Carajás; MPEG); 26: holotype of M. kallindusfloren sp. nov. (Pará, Carajás; MPEG); 27: holotype of M. nazgul sp. nov. (Pará, Carajás; MPEG); all scales = 0.50 mm.

FIGURES 6–13. General dorsal or lateral body views (females; all from Brazil, except 10 and 11). 6 a-b: holotype of M. filiformis (NHM); 7: same species (Pará, Belém, Utinga; MPEG); 8: holotype of M. omicron (NHM); 9: M. buyssoni (R. de Janeiro; MPEG); 10–11: holotype of M. napoensis (Ecuador; NHM); 12: holotype of M. kallindusfloren sp. nov. (Pará, Carajás; MPEG); 13: holotype of M. asahi sp. nov. (Pará, Carajás; MPEG). all scales = 1.00 mm.

FIGURES 14–20. Head in frontal view (except 17, posterior view) (females; all from Brazil, except 14 and 16) 14: M. filiformis (Bolivia, Beni; NHM); 15 and 17: M. omicron (Pará, Carajás; MPEG); 16: holotype of M. napoensis (Ecuador; NHM); 18: holotype of M. kallindusfloren sp. nov. (Pará, Carajás; MPEG); 19: holotype of M. asahi sp. nov. (Pará, Carajás; MPEG); 20: M. buyssoni (R. de Janeiro; MPEG); all scales = 0.50 mm. Figure 21: colony and nest of M. filiformis (Pará, Belém; campus of MPEG)—nest size 1,5 × 1,2 cm.