Ptosoproctus baishishanicus Shen, Yin, Lee & He, 2021

Shen, Zi-Hao, Yin, Zi-Xu, Lee, Michael, Liu, Yi-Jiao, He, Zhu-Qing, Wang, Zi-Fan & Wang, Tong-Xin, 2021, Ptosoproctus gen. nov., a new genus with two new species of Shield-back Katydid with the first record of genus Eulithoxenus Bey-Bienko, 1951 from China (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Drymadusini), Zootaxa 5067 (4), pp. 548-568 : 555-559

Ptosoproctus baishishanicus Shen, Yin, Lee & He sp. nov. 白石山折尾ỡ

Figs. 1 , 6–9 , 14–15

Description. General. Body small. Head frons flat. Fastigium of vertex distinctly wider than scape of antenna ( Fig. 6 AB). Head dorsally with an obscure and continuous median carina. Eyes broadly round and projecting outward. Disc of pronotum both sides with a broadly obtuse concavity on middle part, anterior margin of pronotum slightly concaved and posterior margin nearly straight, median carina continuous and distinctly indicated, central transvers sulcus distinctly Chinese characters “八”-shaped, lateral carina faintly indicated; lateral lobes longer than high, with weakly humeral sinus ( Fig. 6 BC). Prosternum unarmed ( Fig. 6D ). Mesosternum with a pair of obtuse triangular lobe-shaped processes, wider than long ( Fig. 6D ). Metasternum with a pair of obtuse triangular lobe-shaped processes, extremely wider than long ( Fig. 6D ). Dorsal surface of fore coxae with 1 long spine; fore femora 1.15–1.2 times longer than pronotum, dorsally unarmed, ventrally with 0–2 internal spinules and externally unarmed, genicular lobes with 1–2 internal spinules and 1 external spinule; fore tibiae both sides with a crack-shape tympana, ventrally with 6 pair of spines, a pair at the apical. Middle femora dorsally unarmed, ventrally both sides with 0–1 spinules, genicular lobes with 1 internal spinules and 1–3 external spinules; middle tibiae ventrally with 6 pair of spines, a pair at the apical. Hind femora dorsally unarmed, ventrally with 0–4 spinules on both sides, genicular lobes with 0–1 spinules on both sides; hind tibiae dorsally with 18–27 spines on both sides and 1 pair of apical spurs, ventrally with 9–10 spines on both sides and 2 pair of apical spurs.

Male. Tegmina brachypterous, slightly longer than pronotum, extending to 2 th abdominal tergite posterior margin. Left tegmina ventrally with stridulatory file about 36 teeth ( Fig. 6G ). Right tegmina ventrally with vestigial stridulatory file about 28 teeth ( Fig. 6H ). Mirror on right tegmina slightly longer than wide ( Fig. 6 FH). Hind wings rudimentary ( Fig. 6I ). Fore tibiae dorsally armed 2–3 external spines and internally unarmed. Middle tibiae dorsally with 2 external spines and 1–2 internal spines (one at apical). 10 th abdominal tergite fused with epiproct, posterior margin of 10th abdominal tergite with a broadly triangle notch at the joint, form a down-folded membranous projection on tergite posterior margin, projection with a gourd-shaped median longitudinal furrow, apex broadly rounded. Cercus conical, pileous, short and stout, external margin straight; apex short and obtusely conical; inner tooth near cercus apex, robust, recurved and slightly incurve, apical part suddenly narrowly, apex acutely ( Fig. 7 AB). Subgenital plate length as long as wide, with lateral carinae, middle part of posterior margin with a triangular excision, styli slender and short ( Fig. 7C ). Titillators with short apical arms, dorsally bearing one row of denticles; basal arms broad, with a right-angle curve on middle part ( Fig. 7E ).

Female. Tegmina slightly shorter than half pronotum, extending to 1 th abdominal tergite anterior margin, clearly visible and discontiguous in dorsal view ( Fig. 6 CJ). Fore tibiae dorsally armed 3 external spines and internally unarmed. Middle tibiae dorsally with 4 internal spines (one at apical) and 2 external spines. Cercus conical and hirsute ( Fig. 7F ). 10th abdominal tergite partly fused with epiproct, posterior margin of 10th abdominal tergite with a broadly round notch at the joint ( Fig. 7F ). Subgenital plate wider than length, middle of posterior margin with a deep angle concave ( Fig. 7G ). Ovipositor shorter than hind femora, distinctly upcurved ( Fig. 7H ).

Coloration. Body laterally and dorsally generally dark brown, with whitish gray and dark green marmoration, ventrally mint green. Lower and hind margin of pronotum lateral lobes whitish gray with dark brown spots. Tegmina orange. Spines of each leg black. Male cercus inner tooth black. Ovipositor apical part black.

Measurements(mm). Body (from head to tip of abdomen): ♂ 17.47, ♀ 20.60; pronotum: ♂ 5.04, ♀ 5.66; tegmina: ♂ 5.17, ♀ 2.73; mirror of right tegmina (from fore to hind): ♂ 2.66; fore femora: ♂ 6.00, ♀ 6.57; middle femora: ♂ 6.56, ♀ 7.45; hind femora: ♂ 17.60, ♀ 20.54; fore tibiae: ♂ 6.90, ♀ 7.66; middle tibiae: ♂ 7.62, ♀ 8.20; hind tibiae: ♂ 17.60, ♀ 20.54; male titillators (straight-line distance from base to end): 2.24; ovipositor: 12.67.

Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Inside crevices on rock cliff of Baishi Mountain , Baishishan town , Laiyuan country, Baoding city, Hebei Province, China (114°41’41.56”E, 39°12‘16.94”N, alt. 1600m), 11-viii-2019, leg. Michael Lee. Paratype: 1♀, same data as in holotype .

Remarks. The new species differ from Ptosoproctus lanzhouensis sp. nov. by: stridulatory file on male tegmina with less teeth; male 10th abdominal tergite posterior membranous projection strongly down-folded, with a gourdshaped median longitudinal furrow; male cercus inner tooth recurved and slightly incurve, apical part suddenly narrowly; male subgenital plate with a deeper triangular excision; titillators with longer apical arms, basal arms nearly right-angle curve; female ovipositor short and slightly curved, upper edge of apical part without wrinkles.

Songs. The adults make calling songs at night. The song consists of echemes with syllables. Each echeme consist three syllables, echeme duration for 110–190 ms, echeme interval for 420–470 ms. Each syllable duration for 10–20 ms. Short syllables interval last for 10–15 ms.

Etymology. The specific epithet is named after Baishi Mountain, the type locality.

Distribution. China (Hebei). Known only from the type locality.

Biology. This species inhabits Mt. Baishi’s steep marble cliff-face at around 1600m altitude. Type materials are collected from crevices on the cliff face, of which their body color well camouflaged against. A final-instar female nymph was also found ( Fig. 9F ). The collector returned to Mt. Baishi in mid-September 2021 to collect more material but returned in no avail, suggesting adult of the species may be short-lived due to Mt. Baishi’s low temperature.

Figures

FIGURE 1. The phylogenetic relationship among Drymadusini species from China inferred from the COI-ND2 concatenated fragments. Rooted by Gampsocleis sinensis, the tree was constructed by Maximum likelihood (ML) with GTR+G4+F model. Topology supports of all major nodes are indicated above branches in this order: the SH-aLRT value, and the bootstrap value.

FIGURE 6. Head, thorax and wings of Ptosoproctus baishishanicus sp. nov. A, B, D, E–H. male; C, I, J. female. A. face; B. head and pronotum in dorsal view; C. pronotum and tegmen in lateral view; D. thorax in ventral view; E. left tegmen in dorsal view; F, right tegmen in dorsal view; G. left tegmen in ventral view; H. right tegmen in ventral view; I. hind wings; J. tegmina. Scales: 1 mm.

FIGURE 7. Abdominal apex of Ptosoproctus baishishanicus sp. nov. A–E. male; F–H. female. A, F. dorsal view; B. lateral view; C, G. ventral view; D. rear view; E. titillators; H. ovipositor. Scales: 1 mm.

FIGURE 8. Body of Ptosoproctus baishishanicus sp. nov. A, B. male; C, D. female. A, C. dorsal view; B, D. lateral view. Scales: 1 cm.

FIGURE 9. Living Ptosoproctus species. A, B. P. lanzhouensis sp. nov.; C–F. P. baishishanicus sp. nov. G. habitat of P. baishishanicus at Baishi mountain; H. Michael Lee collecting P. baishishanicus.

FIGURE 14. Time signal oscillograms. A–C. Ptosoproctus lanzhouensis sp. nov.; D–F. Ptosoproctus baishishanicus sp. nov.; G–I. Eulithoxenus emeljanovi. Dashed lines: above which are the fragment expanded in the next picture.

FIGURE 15. Distribution map of Eulithoxenus emeljanovi and the species of genus Ptosoproctus gen. nov. The symbols with a point inside are previous records.