Lonchodryinus flavus Olmi

Olmi, Massimo & Guglielmino, Adalgisa, 2010, Revision of Nearctic species of Lonchodryinus Kieffer 1905, with description of a new species from New Mexico (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae), Zootaxa 2654, pp. 30-40 : 36-37

Lonchodryinus flavus Olmi

( Figs. 3, 4 , 7 )

Lonchodryinus flavus Olmi, 1984: 274 .

Lonchodryinus flavus Olmi : Halstead & Haines, 1987: 392. Lonchodryinus flavus Olmi: Guglielmino & Olmi, 2006 : 54.

Redescription. Female: fully winged; length 2.68–3.25 mm. Completely testaceous. Occasionally scutum brown and propodeum dark, or propodeum and gaster black or darkened; occasionally metanotum dark. Antennae filiform; antennal segments in the following proportions: 8:5:7:8:8:7:6:5:5:7. Head shiny, smooth, finely punctate, without sculpture among punctures; face without lateral keels; frontal line absent; occipital carina complete; POL = 5; OL = 3; OOL = 7; OPL = 4; TL = 4. Pronotum shiny, smooth, very short. Scutum, scutellum and metanotum shiny, smooth, finely punctate, without sculpture among punctures. Notauli incomplete, reaching approximately 0.5 length of scutum. Propodeum reticulate rugose, without a transverse keel between dorsal and posterior surface; posterior surface with two longitudinal keels and median area as rugose as lateral areas. Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands; distal part of stigmal vein more than three times as long as proximal part. In specimens from New York, Valois and Geneva, distal part of stigmal vein about as long as, or slightly longer (10.5:8) than proximal part. Fore tarsal segments in the following proportions: 6:2:2.5:4:11. Enlarged claw ( Fig. 3 ) with a proximal prominence bearing a long bristle. Segment 5 of fore tarsus ( Fig. 3 ) with 2 rows of approximately 25 lamellae; distal apex with a group of approximately 11 lamellae. Tibial spurs 1, 1, 2.

Male: fully winged; length 3.00– 3.75 mm. Head black, except mandibles testaceous; occasionally anterior half of face testaceous; antennae brown, except segment 1 testaceous; mesosoma and gaster black; legs testaceous. In a specimen from Maryland, Bethesda, the head and mesosoma are totally testaceous-reddish. Antennae filiform; antennal segments in the following proportions: 10:7:14:13:14:14:14:15:13:15. Head shiny, punctate, without sculpture among punctures; frontal line absent; occipital carina complete; POL = 7; OL = 3.5; OOL = 5; OPL = 4; TL = 4; greatest breadth of posterior ocelli as long as, or slightly shorter than OPL. Scutum shiny, smooth, finely punctate, without sculpture among punctures. Notauli incomplete, reaching approximately 0.5 length of scutum. Scutellum and metanotum shiny, smooth, without sculpture. Propodeum dull; dorsal surface reticulate rugose; posterior surface with two longitudinal keels and with median area as rugose as lateral areas. Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands; distal part of stigmal vein approximately as long as proximal part. Parameres ( Fig. 4 ) without a distal inner process and without papillae on inner side. Tibial spurs 1, 1, 2.

Type locality. Forsyth (Monroe Co., Georgia, USA)

Type material. Female holotype! and 6 paratypes (1 female, 5 males)! in CNC; 6 paratypes (2 females, 4 males)! in AEI; 7 paratypes (3 females, 4 males)! in AMNH; 1 female paratype! in BPBM.

Hosts. in the USA (New York): Scaphoideus titanus Ball (Cicadellidae) and other species of Scaphoideus feeding on vineyard (Malausa et al., 2003; Nusillard et al., 2003; Malausa, 2004; Guglielmino & Olmi, 2006).

Biology. The biology was partly studied on wild grapevine near Geneva (Ontario Co., New York State) by Benoit Nusillard. The females of L. flavus are nocturne. During the day they keep still in the depth of the grapevine-bushes. During the night they move and attack their hosts, though the night temperatures in July near Geneva are very low (often 10–12°C). In climatic chamber the females may be reared at 17°C: this temperature seems to be the optimum. Rearing difficulties in Southern France were reported by Malausa (2004). The species was in fact reared in France in the Biological Control Laboratory of I. N. R. A. (at Valbonne) for biological control of Scaphoideus titanus Ball (Malausa et al., 2003) in Europe.

Distribution. Nearctic region: Canada, USA.

Material examined. CANADA: Alberta: Calgary, Jumping Pound Creek ( AMNH! CNC!). Ontario: Rondeau Provincial Park ( CNC!); Bothwell ( CNC! MOLC!); Hamilton ( PMA! CNC!); Metcalf ( PMA!); Dundas ( CNC!); Aylmer West ( CNC!); 5 Km SE of Kemptville, 17–27.VII.1990, Malaise trap, L. Masner & J. Denis coll. ( CNC!). Quebec: Hull (in CNC!); Kirks Ferry ( CNC! MOLC!); Ste. Flore, Lac Mondor ( CNC!). Yukon: Rampart House ( CNC!). USA: Arizona: Cochise Co., 12 Km S of Sierra Vista, Ramsey Cyn., 1700 m ( PMA!); Cochise Co., Portal ( AEI!); Santa Cruz Co., Patagonia Mts., 2.6 mi. W Harshaw ( CAS!). California: Tulare Co., Ash Mountain ( Halstead & Haines, 1987). Georgia: Monroe Co., Forsyth, 2.VI.1970, female holotype of L. flavus ( CNC!). Maryland: Prince Georges Co., Beltsville, 15.VI.1913 ( USNM!); Montgomery Co., Bethesda, 25.VII.1967 ( MOLC!); Montgomery Co., Takoma Park ( AEI!). Michigan: Washtenaw Co., Ann Arbor ( AEI! TAMU!); Midland Co. ( MSUEL!); Kalamazoo Co., Gull Lake Biological Station ( MSUEL!); Benzie Co., 30–31.VIII.1969 ( USNM!). New Hampshire: Coos Co., Pinkham Notch ( AEI!). New Jersey: Sussex Co., High Point State Park ( AEI!). New York: Yates Co., Dresden, 13–25.VII.2001, in vineyard, Nusillard coll. (BNC!); Schuyler Co., Valois, 16–27.VII.2001, in vineyard, Nusillard coll. (BNC! MOLC!); Ontario Co., Geneva, 20.VII.2002, 21–28.VII.2002, in vineyard, B. Nusillard and M. Olmi coll. (BNC! MOLC!); Ulster Co., Shokan ( AEI!); Ulster Co., Cherrytown, 4 mi. NNW Kerhonkson ( AMNH!); Dutchess Co., Poughkeepsie ( AEI! BPBM!); Chautauqua Co., Bemus Point ( AEI! MOLC!). North Carolina: Macon Co., Highlands, 3.VII.1965 ( USNM!). North Dakota: Mc Henry Co., 28–31.VII.1969 ( USNM!). Oklahoma: Woodward Co., near Freedom, 8.V.1974 ( USNM!). Texas: Comal Co., Guadalupe River State Park ( TAMU!); Randall Co., Bushland ( TAMU!). Vermont: Orange Co., Union Village, 43°47’N 72°15’W, K.W. Cooper coll. (UCR!). West Virginia: Hardy Co., 3 mi. NE Mathias, 38°55’N 78°49’W, 10–24.VII.2001 ( CNC!). Wisconsin: Rock Co. (in UWM!); Oneida Co. (in UWM!); Bayfield Co. ( AEI!).

Figures

FIGURES 3, 4. Lonchodryinus flavus: 3. Chela of holotype; 4. Male genitalia of a specimen from Alberta, Jumping Pound Creek. Scale bar 0.11 mm for 3 and 0.07 mm for 4.

FIGURES 5 – 7. 5, 6. Lonchodryinus politus sp. nov. 5: Chela; 6: Pterostigma of holotype, length 0.52 mm. 7. L. flavus, pterostigma of a female specimen from New York, Valois, length 0.70 mm. Scale bar 0.08 mm for 5.