Callitrichia juguma Lin & Lopardo & Uhl, 2022

Lin, Shou-Wang, Lopardo, Lara & Uhl, Gabriele, 2022, Evolution of nuptial-gift-related male prosomal structures: taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of the genus Oedothorax (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195, pp. 417-584 : 466-467

CALLITRICHIA JUGUMA (SCHARFF, 1990) COMB. NOV.

( FIGS 19I , 21 , 22I , 24I; SUPPORTING INFORMATION, FIG. S2F )

Ophrynia juguma Scharff, 1990a: 66 , figs 164–172 (Dmf).

Examined material: Tanzania: Uzungwa Mts., Iringa Region, Uzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve , 2♂ 2♀, leg. N, Scharff ( ZMUC) .

Diagnosis:

Males: Similar to Ca. rostrata , Ca. perspicuua and Ca. insulana in the shapes of the flat PME lobe and inter-AME-PME lobe, forming the narrow inter-AME- PME groove (figs 155, 164 and 173 in Scharff, 1990; fig. 116 in Jocqué & Scharff, 1986), which distinguishes them from other erigonines; this species can be further distinguished from the latter three species by the shape of the palpal tibial apophysis ( Fig. 21A–C , in comparison to figs 157 and 177 in Scharff, 1990a; fig. 118 in Jocqué & Scharff, 1986).

Females: Epigyne morphology similar to other Callitrichia species, but can be distinguished by the particularly close distance between the spermathecae ( Fig. 21E, F , in comparison to e.g. Fig. 18G , fig. 115 in Jocqué & Scharff, 1986, and fig. 163 in Scharff, 1990a).

Description:

Male ( ZMUC): Total length: 2.08. Prosoma: 0.89 long, 0.74 wide, with a narrow and small PME lobe; posterior part with fine, long setae over PME; frontal part ends in a ridge, pointing up and forward, curved inward in the middle, with transversal slit at the peak ( Fig. 19I ). AME-AME: 0.04, AME width: 0.04, AME- ALE: 0.03, ALE width: 0.07, ALE-PLE: 0.07, PLE width: 0.06, PLE-PME: 0.07, PME width: 0.04, PME- PME: 0.07. Clypeus: not hirsute, one sub-AME seta. Sternum: 0.51 long, 0.49 wide. Chelicerae: mastidia absent; stridulatory striae ridged, rows compressed and evenly spaced ( Fig. 22I ). Legs: metatarsi and tarsi of legs I and II with perpendicular lateral setae, long and numerous; dorsal proximal macroseta on tibia I, II, III and IV 1.44, 1.57, 2.10 and 2.96 times diameter of tibia, respectively;Tm I: 0.79. Pedipalp: patella prolateral proximal vertical macrosetae absent; tibia with one prolateral, two retrolateral trichobothria; TPA large, broadly rounded, prolateral side straight, retrolateral side with small, round, scaly distal process ( Fig. 21C ); PC base not visible from dorsal view, distal setae close to distal clasp, distal-setaebearing area wide, distal clasp extended apically ( Fig. 21A ); T without papillae, PT truncated, apical part with papillae; TS absent ( Fig. 21A ); MSA present; DSA wide, median part of tip concave ( Fig. 21A ); EM broad and flat, without papillae, exceeding ARP; ARP thick, bifid; LER absent; VRP short, with papillae extended to medan part of R; TP long, round at tip; E short and stout, slightly retrolaterally curved ( Fig. 21B, C ). Opisthosoma: dorsal pattern see Fig. 24I ; PMS without spigots; PLS with one FL ( Fig. 21G ).

Female ( ZMUC): Total length: 1.87. Prosoma: 0.79 long, 0.66 wide. AME-AME: 0.03, AME width: 0.04, AME-ALE: 0.02, ALE width: 0.07, ALE-PLE: 0.01, PLE width: 0.06, PLE-PME: 0.04, PME width: 0.05, PME-PME: 0.05. Clypeus: not hirsute, one sub-AME seta. Sternum: 0.51 long, 0.49 wide. Legs: dorsal proximal macroseta on tibia I, II, III and IV 2.88, 2.76, 2.67 and 3.21 times diameter of tibia, respectively; Tm I: 0.88. Epigyne of Clade 13 characteristic morphology, borders between ventral and dorsal plates converging anteriorly and posteriorly, CO posterior to spermathecae ( Fig. 21E, F ). Opisthosoma: dorsal pattern as male; spigots as in male, PMS with one CY; PLS with two CY ( Fig. 21H ).

Remarks: Following the results of our phylogenetic analysis, this species is transferred to Callitrichia , a placement also consistent with morphological traits of the species.

Figures

Figure 1. The consensus tree of 296 most-parsimonious trees from the analysis of the expanded matrix of Miller & Hormiga (2004) and Frick et al.(2010) (Matrix I), with Bremer/Jackknife support values shown beside nodes. Newly appended taxa in bold.

Figure 2. The first part of the three most-parsimonious trees generated from the analysis of Matrix II, with Bremer/ Jackknife support valuesshown beside nodes.The presence/absence of clades in the consensus trees of the most-parsimonious trees of the implied weights analysis with different k values are shown in the box under/on the branches: black for presence when considering all taxa; grey for presence only when Callitrichia convector (Tanasevitch, 2014) and Ca. usitata (Jocqué & Scharff, 1986) are not considered; white for absence.

Figure 3. Continuation of Figure 2, showing Clade 36.

Figure 4. Character transformation of selected prosomal characters reconstructed on the first among the three most- parsimonious trees generated from the analysis of Matrix II.

Figure 5. Oedothorax agrestis (Blackwall, 1853). A–D, male left palp. A, retrolateral view. B, prolateral view. C, dorsal view. D, ventral view. E–H, epigyne. E, ventral view. F, dorsal view. G, anterior view. H, external morphology. Scale bar 0.1 mm.

Figure 6. Oedothorax gibbosus (Blackwall, 1841).A–E, male left palp. A, retrolateral view. B, prolateral view. C, dorsal view. D, ventral view. E, apical view. F–H, epigyne. F, ventral view. G, dorsal view. H, external morphology. I, male spinnerets. Scale bar 0.1 mm.

Figure 7. Male prosomal morphology, lateral.A, Emertongone montifera (Emerton, 1882) (Paquin & Dupérré, 2003, fig. 1187). B, Shaanxinus mingchihensis Lin, 2019 (traced from photograph). C, ‘Oedothorax’ paracymbialis Tanasevitch, 2015 (traced from photograph). D, ‘Oe.’ kodaikanal Tanasevitch, 2015 (traced from photograph). E, ‘Oe.’ cunur Tanasevitch, 2015 (traced from photograph). F, ‘Oe.’ stylus Tanasevitch, 2015 (traced from photograph). G, Atypena cirrifrons (Heimer, 1984) (traced from photograph). H, A. formosana (Oi, 1977) (Oi, 1977, fig. 2). I, ‘Oe.’ nazareti Scharff, 1989 (Scharff, 1989: fig. 7). J, Gongylidium rufipes (Linnaeus, 1758) (traced from photograph). K, Ummeliata insecticeps (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) (Tu & Li 2004: fig. 8A). L, U. esyunini (Zhang, Zhang & Yu, 2003) (Zhang et al., 2003, fig. 2A). M, Hylyphantes graminicola (Sundevall, 1830) (traced from photograph). N, Tmeticus tolli Kulczyński, 1908 (traced from photograph). O, Oedothorax gibbosus (Blackwall, 1841) [Roberts, 1987: fig. 21 (e)]. P, Oe. trilobatus (Banks, 1896) (Bishop & Crosby, 1935: fig. 79). Q, Oe. gibbifer (Kulczyński, 1882) (Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: fig.604.5).R, Oe.apicatus (Blackwall, 1850) [Roberts, 1987: fig.23 (d)].S, Oe. retusus (Westring, 1851) [Roberts, 1987: fig. 23 (c)]. T, Oe. paludigena Simon, 1926 [Millidge, 1975: fig. (5)]. U, Oe. meridionalis Tanasevitch, 1987 (Tanasevitch, 1987: fig. 107).V, Oe. agrestis (Blackwall, 1853) (Roberts, 1987: fig. 23B).W, Oe. fuscus (Blackwall, 1834) (Roberts, 1987: fig. 23A). X, Oe. tingitanus (Simon, 1884) (Denis, 1968: fig. 11).

Figure 8. Male chelicerae, stridulatory striae on lateral side. A, Oedothorax gibbosus (Blackwall, 1841). B, Oe. trilobatus (Banks, 1896). C, Oe. gibbifer (Kulczyński, 1882). D, Oe. apicatus (Blackwall, 1850). E, Oe. retusus (Westring, 1851). F, Oe. paludigena Simon, 1926. G, Oe. meridionalis Tanasevitch, 1987. H, Oe. agrestis (Blackwall, 1853). I, Oe. fuscus (Blackwall, 1834). J, Oe. tingitanus (Simon, 1884). Scale bars 0.05 mm.

Figure 9. Male opisthosoma, dorsal view. A, Oedothorax gibbosus (Blackwall, 1841). B, Oe. trilobatus (Banks, 1896). C, Oe. gibbifer (Kulczyński, 1882). D, Oe. apicatus (Blackwall, 1850). E, Oe. retusus (Westring, 1851). F, Oe. paludigena Simon, 1926. G, Oe. meridionalis Tanasevitch, 1987. H, Oe. agrestis (Blackwall, 1853). I, Oe. fuscus (Blackwall, 1834). J, Oe. tingitanus (Simon, 1884). Scale bars 0.1 mm.

Figure 18. Callitrichia uncata (Jocqué & Scharff, 1986). A–E, male right palp, images flipped horizontally. A, ventroretrolateral view. B, ventral view. C, tibia, dorsal view. D, tibia, prolateral view. E, tibia, ventral view. F–H, epigyne. F, ventral view. G, dorsal view. H, external morphology. I, male spinnerets. J, female spinnerets. K, male left posterior median spinneret. L, female left posterior median spinneret. Scale bars 0.1 mm.

Figure 19. Male prosomal morphology, lateral. A, ‘Oedothorax’ meghalaya Tanasevitch, 2015 (traced from photograph). B, ‘Oe.’ uncus Tanasevitch, 2015 (traced from photograph). C, Holmelgonia basalis Jocqué & Scharff, 1986 (Jocqué & Scharff, 1986, fig. 18). D, Callitrichia holmi (Wunderlich, 1978) (traced from photograph). E, Ca. picta (Caporiacco, 1949) (Holm 1962, fig. 58). F, Ca. gloriosa (Jocqué, 1984) (traced from photograph). G, Ca. convector Tanasevitch, 2014 (traced from photograph). H, Ca. sellafrontis Scharff, 1990 (traced from photograph). I, Ca. juguma (Scharff, 1990) (Scharff 1990a, fig. 164). J, Ca. uncata (Jocqué & Scharff, 1986) (Jocqué & Scharff, 1986, fig. 130). K, Ca. pilosa (Wunderlich, 1978) (traced from photograph). L, Ca. usitata (Jocqué & Scharff, 1986) (traced from photograph). M, Ca. legrandi (Jocqué, 1985) (Jocqué, 1985, fig. 21). N, Ca. macrophthalma (Locket & Russell-Smith, 1980) (traced from photograph). O, Ca. muscicola (Bosmans, 1988) (traced from photograph). P, Ca. latitibialis (Bosmans, 1988) (traced from photograph). Q, Ca. longiducta (Bosmans, 1988) (traced from photograph). R, Nasoona setifera (Tanasevitch, 1998) (Tanasevitch, 1998a, fig. 3). S, N. crucifera (Thorell, 1895) (Tu & Li, 2004, fig. 6A).

Figure 21. Callitrichia juguma (Scharff, 1990). A–D, male left palp. A, retrolateral view. B, prolateral view. C, dorsal view. D, ventral view. E, F, epigyne. E, ventral view. F, external morphology. G, male right spinnerets. H, female left spinnerets. Scale bars 0.1 mm.

Figure 22. Male chelicerae, stridulatory striae on lateral side. A, ‘Oedothorax’ meghalaya. B, ‘Oe.’ uncus. C, Holmelgonia basalis. D, Callitrichia holmi. E, Ca. picta. F, Ca. gloriosa. G, Ca. convector. H, Ca. sellafrontis. I, Ca. juguma. J, Ca. uncata. K, Ca. pilosa. L, Ca. usitata. M, Ca. legrandi. N, Ca. macrophthalma. O, Ca. muscicola. P, Ca. latitibialis. Q, Ca. longiducta. R. Nasoona setifera. S, N. crucifera. Scale bars 0.05 mm.

Figure 24. Male opisthosoma, dorsal view. A, ‘Oedothorax’ meghalaya Tanasevitch, 2015. B, ‘Oe.’ uncus Tanasevitch, 2015. C, Holmelgonia basalis Jocqué & Scharff, 1986. D, Callitrichia holmi (Wunderlich, 1978). E, Ca. picta (Caporiacco, 1949). F, Ca. gloriosa (Jocqué, 1984). G, Ca. convector Tanasevitch, 2014. H, Ca. sellafrontis Scharff, 1990. I, Ca. juguma (Scharff, 1990). J, Ca. uncata (Jocqué & Scharff, 1986). K, Ca. pilosa (Wunderlich, 1978). L, Ca. usitata (Jocqué & Scharff, 1986). M, Ca. legrandi (Jocqué, 1985). N, Ca. macrophthalma (Locket & Russell-Smith, 1980). O, Ca. muscicola (Bosmans, 1988). P, Ca. latitibialis (Bosmans, 1988). Q, Ca. longiducta (Bosmans, 1988). R, Nasoona setifera (Tanasevitch, 1998). S, N. crucifera (Thorell, 1895). Scale bars 0.1 mm.