Orchestina bialata Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016

Liu, Keke, Henrard, Arnaud, Xiao, Yonghong & Xu, Xiang, 2019, On three new oonopid species from China and the discovery of the male Orchestina bialata Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016 (Araneae: Oonopidae), Zootaxa 4701 (3), pp. 235-256 : 240-241

Orchestina bialata Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016

( Figures 6 −9 , 16)

Orchestina bialata Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016 (WSC 2019): 437– 439 f. 5A−G, 6A−F, 7A−D (description and illustration of female only).

Material examined: 7 females: China, Jiangxi Province: Ji’an City, Jinggangshan County Level City, Ciping Town , Huangyangjie , bamboo forest, 26.456°N, 114.106°E, 958m, 5.IV.2014, Zhiwu Chen, Keke Liu, Xiaoping Huang, Zeyuan Meng, and Yubao Tang leg. ( OON 41 ) ; As previous , 7 males ( OON 48 ) ; 7 females: China, Jiangxi Province: Ji’an City, Jinggangshan County Level City, Longshi Town , Yuankou Village , bamboo forest, 26.692°N, 113.953°E, alt. 265m, 1.V.2015, Zhiwu Chen, Keke Liu, ZeyuanMeng, Sha Wu, Shicong He and Yifan Zhao leg. ( OON 55 ) ; As previous , 4 males ( OON 59 ) ; 6 females: China, Jiangxi Province: Ji’an City, Jinggangshan County Level City, Maoping Town , Shenshan Village , Shenshan , bamboo forest, 26.637°N, 114.111°E, 1099m, 6.IV.2014, Keke Liu, Xiaoping Huang, Zhiwu Chen, Yubao Tang and Zeyuan Meng leg. ( OON 65 ) ; 1 female, China, Jiangxi Province: Ji’an City, Jinggangshan County Level City, Ciping Town , Xiaojing Village , Longtan , 26.583°N, 114.135°E, 951m, 1. VI.2014, Keke Liu, Xiaoping Huang, Zhiwu Chen, Yubao Tang, Zeyuan Meng, and Zhanfeng Wang leg. ( OON 66 ) ; 2 females: China, Jiangxi Province: Ji’an City, Jinggangshan County Level City, Maoping Town , Shenshan Village , Shenshan , bamboo forest, 26.640°N, 114.111°E, 1029m, 6.IV.2014, Keke Liu, Xiaoping Huang, Zhiwu Chen, Yubao Tang and Zeyuan Meng leg. ( OON 68 ) ; 1 female: China, Jiangxi Province: Ji’an City, Jinggangshan County Level City, Maoping Town , Shenshan Village , Shenshan , bamboo forest, 26.637°N, 114.111°E, 1099m, 6.IV.2014, Keke Liu, Xiaoping Huang, Zhiwu Chen, Yubao Tang and Zeyuan Meng leg. ( OON 69 ) ; As previous , 1 male ( OON 70 ) ; 1 female: China, Jiangxi Province: Ji’an City, Jinggangshan County Level City, Ciping Town , Huangyangjie , bamboo forest, 26.623°N, 114.117°E, 1055m, 5.IV.2014, Zhiwu Chen, Keke Liu, Xiaoping Huang, Zeyuan Meng, and Yubao Tang leg. ( OON 71 ) ; 1 female: China, Jiangxi Province: Ji’an City, Jinggangshan County Level City , Ciping Town , Dajing Village , Peak of Leaders , forest, 26.570°N, 114.121°E, 945m, 8.XII.2013, Zhiwu Chen, Keke Liu and Benqiang Xiao leg. ( OON 72 ) .

Diagnosis: Male of Orchestina bialata resembles those of O. aureola Tong & Li, 2011 , O. clavulata Tong & Li, 2011 , and O. sinensis Xu, 1987 in having an oval bulb and endites with the distal projection tapering anteriorly (see Tong & Li 2011: fig. 7A−D; Xu 1987: figs 5, 6). However, it can be distinguished from these species by the spadeshaped labium with a sclerotized, inverted Y-shaped pattern ( Fig. 6F ) (shortened hexagon without sclerotized pattern in O. aureola and O. clavulata: Tong & Li 2011 : fig. 2A, B; liguliform without sclerotized pattern in O. sinensis Xu 1987: 257 ), the length and width ratio of the bulb (2.09 in Fig. 6B ) (1.57 in O. aureola: Tong & Li 2011 : fig. 6A; 1.20 in O. clavulata: Tong & Li 2011 : fig. 7A; 1.22 in O. sinensis Xu 1987 : fig. 5),the sperm duct with five circles visible in prolateral view ( Fig. 7A ) (three in O. aureola: Tong & Li 2011 : fig. 6A; three in O. clavulata: Tong & Li 2011 : fig. 7A; four in O. sinensis Xu 1987 : fig. 5), and the embolus with few small teeth near distal end ( Fig. 9G ) (without small teeth in O. aureola , O. clavulata , and O. sinensis ). For diagnosis of female, see Liu, Xiao and Xu (2016).

Description: Male (OON 48). Habitus as in Fig. 6A, B . Total length 1.21. Carapace ( Fig. 6A , C−E), yellow, length 0.56, width 0.45, broadly oval in dorsal view (CW/CL ≈ 0.80), anteriorly narrowed to 0.5 times its maximum width, pars cephalica strongly elevated in lateral view, with scattered trichopores on surface. Eyes ( Figs 6A , C−E, 8A, B): PME almost circular, touching; diameters:ALE 0.05, PME 0.06, PLE 0.06, PME 1.2 times ALE; ALE−PME touching, ALE−PLE touching, PLE−PME separated from less than PME radius. Clypeus ( Figs 6A , C−E, 8A, B) vertical in lateral view, slightly sclerotized, with pair of setae on each rounded corner lying in front of ALE−PME junction. Sternum ( Figs 6B, F , 8C ) uniform yellowish-white, length equal to width, shield shaped, slightly sclerotized around margin, anteriorly with deep depression at base of endites and labium, with scattered trichopores on surface and few setae on posterior part. Mouthparts ( Figs 6B , D−F, 8A−H): chelicerae yellow, straight, dorsally with few scattered, long setae, more numerous on inner margin, base of fang with fine setae in ventral view ( Figs 6D , 8A, B, G ); labium ( Figs 6B, F , 8 C−F) spade-shaped, yellow-brown, more sclerotized than sternum, with central, inverted Y-shaped sclerotized pattern, with 10−12 setae on anterior margin, middle part with seven needle-like setae including three setae in center and two groups of two setae in lateral part, posterior part narrowed, fused to sternum; endites ( Figs 6B, F , 8C, D, G, H ) converging apically, distal half divided in two parts: one is a strongly sclerotized lateral prong with truncate tip and provided with strong serrula in single row; the other is median, membranous part with abundant, short, flattened setae on inner margin. Abdomen ( Fig. 6A, B ) oval, yellowish white, length 0.63, width 0.59, slightly elongated oval in dorsal view (AW/AL ≈ 0.94). Spinnerets ( Fig. 6A, B ) small, setae abundant on each spigot, circular dark bands interrupted ventrally, and with many trichopores around it. Legs yellow, femur IV thickened, wider than femora I−III, without spines. Genitalia ( Figs 6 A−C, 7A−D, 9A−I): palp pale yellow, femur distally broadened, patella triangular, much shorter than femur, connected to tibia proximally; tibia enlarged (TW/ TLE ≈ 0.67), one to two times as wide as femur; cymbium ovoid, tapering apically, dorsally with numerous setae; bulb yellowish white, oval, strongly protruding posteriorly, narrowed apically; sperm duct strongly convoluted; embolus tube-shaped, strongly curved, proximal part swollen, tapered and darkened apically, sub-distally with few small teeth, with circular opening at tip.

Female: Described in Liu et al. (2016).

Distribution: Only known from Jiangxi Province ( Fig. 16 ).

Figures

FIGURE 6A–G. Orchestina bialata Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016, male (OON 48). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. As previous, ventral view. C. Carapace, dorsal view. D. As previous, dorsal, slightly frontal view. E. As previous, lateral view. F. Detail of the palps and the mouthparts, ventral view, the star shows the transverse band of the inverted Y-shaped sclerotized area in anterior center of the labium, the black arrow shows the sclerotized part of endite and the white arrow indicates the membranous part. Scale bars: A–G, 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 7A–D. Orchestina bialata Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016, male (OON 48). A. Left palp, prolateral view. B. As previous, retrolateral view. C. As previous, dorsal view. D. As previous, ventral view. Scale bars: A−C, 50 µm; D, 10 µm.

FIGURE 8A–H. Orchestina bialata Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016, SEM of males. A. Carapace (OON 48), lateral, frontal view. B. As previous (OON 48), frontal view, the white arrows show the clypeus with pair of setae on each rounded corners at level of ALE−PME junction. C. As previous (OON 49), ventral view. D. Mouthparts (OON 50), ventral view, the white arrow shows the sclerotized part of the endite and the black arrow indicates the membranous part. E. Detail of the labium, ventral view (OON 51). F. As previous (OON 52), stars indicate the middle part with 7 needle-like setae including 3 setae in center and two groups of 2 setae in lateral part, ventral view. G. Endites and fangs, ventral view, the black arrows show the pair of feather-like setae at base of fang (OON 53). H. Detail of anterior endite, ventral view, the white arrow shows the single row of serrula (OON 53). Scale bars: A−D, 20 µm; E−H, 10 µm.

FIGURE 9A–J. Orchestina bialata Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016, male (OON 59). A. Left palp, prolateral view. B. Right palp, retrolateral view. C. As previous, prolateral view. D. Palpal bulb and embolus, prolateral view. E. As previous, retrolateral view. F. Embolus, prolateral view. G. Detail of embolus, slightly lateral, frontal view, the black arrows show the small adjacent teeth at the base of the embolus. H. Detail tip of the embolus, lateral view. I. Embolus, proximally curved outward, ventral view. J. Right bulb, distally curved downward, retrolateral view. Scale bars: A−C, 0.1 mm; D−F, I, J, 10 µm; G, H, 2 µm.

FIGURE 16. Collection localities for Ischnothyreus tergeminus sp. nov., Orchestina colubrina sp. nov., O. bialata Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016 and O. zhiwui sp. nov. in China.