Tumeochrysa (Nineta) vittata ( Wesmael, 1841 ) Wu & Liu, 2024

Wu, Jingyu & Liu, Xingyue, 2024, Systematics of the green lacewing tribe Ankylopterygini Navás, 1910 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae) from China, Zootaxa 5540 (1), pp. 1-169 : 78-81

[32] Tumeochrysa (Nineta) vittata ( Wesmael, 1841) comb. nov.

( Figs 39 , 83 )

Chrysopa vittata Wesmael, 1841: 211 . Type locality: Belgium [circa Bruxellas]. Syntype in IRSN .

Hemerobius proximus Rambur, 1842: 425 . Type locality: France. Syntype in OUM.

Chrysopa integra Hagen, 1852: 40 . Type locality unknown. Type depository unknown.

Nothochrysa olivacea Gerstaecker, 1893 [1894]: 166. Type locality: Japan (Yokohama). Holotype in EMAU.

Chrysopa inornata Matsumura, 1911: 14 . Type locality: Russia (Sakhalin). Holotype in EIHU.

Nineta vittata : Navás, 1912: 99.

Chrysopa inornatella : Nakahara, 1914: 399.

Chrysopa matsumurae Navás, 1915b: 473 .

Diagnosis. This species is characterized by the presence of the head and thorax without spots, the pale brown outer gradate series of fore- and hindwings, the male sternum IX obviously elongated and curved dorsal apically, the gonarcus with small U-shaped invagination, and the broad female subgenitale.

Description. Male. Body length 15.1–16.4 mm, forewing length 17.1–21.0 mm, hindwing length 16.5–18.8 mm.

Head without spots, vertex raised. Compound eyes prominent and black. Antennae yellow, scape broad, pedicel wider than flagellum. Frons, clypeus and gena without spots. Maxillary palpi with brown stripe on outer side, labial palpi brownish yellow.

Pronotum short and wide, sometimes with small reddish spots on anterolateral angle. Mesonotum and metanotum without markings.

Legs with dense setae and without spots. Pretarsal claws brown, with basal dilation.

Forewing broad, without shadings. Pterostigma indistinct. Costal area with 28–36 crossveins; 18–25 radial crossveins present. m1 smaller than m2; im ovoid; 11–13 psm-psc crossveins present. c1 smaller than c2, dcc opened. A1 forked, A2 and A3 simple. Inner gradate series with 11–16 crossveins; outer gradate series with 13–15 brown crossveins.

Hindwing slightly narrow. Pterostigma indistinct. Costal area with 25–28 crossveins; 18–22 radial crossveins and 11 psm-psc crossveins present. Inner gradate series with 9–15 crossveins, outer gradate series with 11–14 crossveins.

Abdomen with dense setae. Tergum VII and sternum VII subquadrate in lateral view; tergum VIII and sternum VIII about 1/3 as long as tergum VII; sternum IX obviously elongated and curved towards dorsal apically; tergum IX fused with ectoproct; ectoproct rounded. Callus cerci ovoid. Gonarcus arcuate, median arch with small U-shaped invagination, lateral arms flat and expanded; entoprocessus broad; arcessus wide at base and curved.

Female. Body length 14.1–16.0 mm, forewing length 18.5–22.0 mm, hindwing length 17.4–19.0 mm.

Sternum VII slightly longer than tergum VII; tergum VIII obviously shorter than tergum VII; tergum IX fused with ectoproct. Callus cerci ovoid. Subgenitale broad, bilobed apically slightly; spermatheca thin, vela short, ventral impression absent, duct long and coiled.

Material. 2♂, China, Hebei, Chengde, Xinglong , 975 m, 2018.VI.01, Jinlong Ren ( CAU) ; 3♀, China, Liaoning, Dandong, Kuandian, Baipuxia , 600 m, 2022.VII.31, Xingyue Liu ( CAU) ; 1♀, China, Jilin, Yanbian, Songjiang , 2015.VIII.07, Tingting Zhang ( CAU) ; 1♂, China, Heilongjiang, Jiamusi, Fuyuan, Wusu , 2022.VII.15–16, Xueyuan Wang ( CAU) ; 1♂ 2♀, China, Heilongjiang, Yichun, Daqingshan, Liangshui National Nature Reserve , 320–400 m, 2022.VII.21–22, Yuchen Zheng ( CAU) ; 1♀, China, Heilongjiang, Tongjiang, Jiejinkou, Hezhezu , Jiangshengtun , 116 m, 2022.VII.18, Xueyuan Wang ( CAU) ; 1♂ 1♀, China, Heilongjiang, Yichun, Fenglin, Wuying , Fenglin National Nature Reserve , 288 m, 2022.VII.19, Xueyuan Wang ( CAU) ; 2♂ 1♀, Japan, Hokkaido, Kamish, Tokachi-Mitsumata , 690–730 m, 2013.VII.29, Xingyue Liu ( CAU) ; 1♀, Japan, Honshu , Nagano, 1000 m, 2015.VII.14, Hui Dong (CAU) ; 2♂ 2♀, Japan, Honshu , Nagano, 1655–1865 m, 2015.VII.13, Xingyue Liu ( CAU) .

Distribution. China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); widespread in the Palearctic region.

Remarks. This species can be distinguished by its broad scape, the elongated male sternum IX, and the broad female subgenitale. As all species of Nineta in China have similar external morphological characters, some earlier records of this species in China may be misidentifications of other congeneric species.

Subgenus Tumeochrysa Needham, 1909 stat. nov.

Tumeochrysa Needham, 1909: 204 . Type species: Tumeochrysa indica Needham, 1909: 204 . Original designation and monotypy.

Chrysoplecta Navás, 1910a: 55 . Type species: Chrysoplecta immaculata Navás, 1910a: 56 . Monotypy.

Diagnosis. Body medium to large. Body length 13.0– 19.5 mm, forewing length 16.5–24.0 mm, hindwing length 14.9–22.0 mm. This subgenus is characterized by the broad head some species with reddish triangular markings on the vertex, the broad scape concaved or with tubercles, the frons, clypeus and gena not marked, the not pointed terminal palpomere of maxillary and labial palpi, the thorax with reddish stripes near middle and brown markings on lateral side, the legs with dense setae and without spots, the meso- and metatibia with a spur at tip, the brown pretarsal with basal dilation, the long forewing without shadings, the indistinct pterostigma, the triangular or quadrate cell im, the 1st rs-psm crossvein located at 2/3 or 1/2 of the cell im, the gradates in three to five divergent rows, the basal crossvein of inner gradate series not meeting Psm, the closed cell dcc, the male sternum VIII not fused with IX, the elongated male sternum IX and about twice as long as sternum VIII, the tergum IX fused with ectoproct, the median arch of gonarcus with projections and invagination, the lateral arm expanded, the broad entoprocessus posteriorly with many long gonosetae on associated membrane, the arcessus rounded at base, the apically bilobed female subgenitale, the thin spermatheca, the short vela, the absence of the ventral impression, and the long and coiled duct.

Distribution. Oriental region.

Remarks. The length and shape of antennal scape are important identification characters for species of this subgenus. The male sternum IX is obviously elongated and its length is stable, but the shape of the projections on the gonarcus median arch are more important diagnostic characters.

Key to species of Tumeochrysa in China *

1. Antennal scape with tubercles or concaved................................................................. 2 Antennal scape without tubercles or not concaved........................................................... 6

2. Antennal scape with tubercles........................................................................... 3 Antennal scape concaved on inner and outer side.................................................. T. longiscape

3. Scape with prominent tubercle only on inner side; median arch of male gonarcus with tapered projections...... T. magnifica Scape with tubercle only on outer side or both on outer and inner side; projections on median arch of male gonarcus broader 4

4. Projections on median arch of male gonarcus short and broad, invagination shallow and broad............... T. praeclara Projections on median arch of male gonarcus long and slender, invagination deep and narrow......................... 5

5. Projections on median arch of male gonarcus short and only reached at base of arcessus....................... T. sinica Projections on median arch of male gonarcus obviously long and reached at 2/3 of arcessus................... T. tibetana

6. Length of antennal scape about three times of wide; projections on median arch of male gonarcus forked at tip T.biloba sp.nov. Length of antennal scape about twice of wide; projections on median arch of male gonarcus not forked................. 7

7. Projections on median arch of male gonarcus short and broad, invagination broad.................................. 8 Projections on median arch of male gonarcus long and slender, invagination deep and narrow................... T. yunica

8. Body relatively small; cell im of forewing quadrate; invagination on median arch of male gonarcus trapezoid................................................................................................... T. minina sp. nov.

Body relatively large; cell im of forewing narrow and triangular; invagination on median arch of male gonarcus U-shaped...

....................................................................................... T. yangi sp. nov.

* T. issikii and T. immaculata are not included in the key.

Figures

FIGURE 39. Tumoechrysa (Nineta) vittata (Wesmael, 1841) comb. nov. A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Male genitalia, lateral view; F. Gonarcal complex, dorsal view; G. Gonarcal complex, lateral view; H. Female genitalia, lateral view; I. Subgenitale; J. Spermatheca. Scale bar: 5 mm (A), 1 mm (B–D).

FIGURE 83. Distribution map of species of Nineta from China.