Phyllophorella robusta ( Heding & Panning, 1954 )

Martins, Luciana & Tavares, Marcos, 2022, Additions to the morphology of the Phyllophoridae and the Sclerodactylidae. I. Type species of Phyllophorella, Selenkiella, Cladolella and Clarkiella, with the description a new species of Thorsonia (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida), Zootaxa 5120 (4), pp. 559-572 : 562-563

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.6
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:58CAB25D-CA92-44EE-BF1D-67DB91EB9596
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6402192
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B887C1-4B08-8134-BEE1-6DAFFB0F97E7
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Phyllophorella robusta ( Heding & Panning, 1954 )
status

Treatment

Phyllophorella robusta ( Heding & Panning, 1954) View in CoL

( Figures 2 – 4 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 )

Phyllophorus (Phyllophorella) robusta Heding & Panning, 1954: 155 – 156 View in CoL , pl.68

Phyllophorella robusta View in CoL — O’Loughlin et al. 2012: 269

Material examined. Holotype. 15 Seemeilen Ostlich Koh Chuen , Siam, Thailand, 10m, 1.ii. 1900, 25 mm length ( ZMUC – HOL 249 View Materials ) . Holotype Slides MNHN-IE –2005–6362; MNHN –IE-2005–6361 .

Redescription. Body curved; tube feet scattered throughout body ( Fig. 2a View FIGURE 2 ). Color in ethanol, gray. 20 Dendritic tentacles arranged in 2 circles (15 + 5), 15 in outer circle and 5 in inner circle. Anal papillae present. Longitudinal and circular muscles well developed ( Fig. 2b View FIGURE 2 ). Longitudinal muscles split at anterior end ( Fig. 2b View FIGURE 2 ). Retractor muscles short, attached to the middle of radial plate ( Fig. 2b View FIGURE 2 ). Stone canal single, short, attached to globular madreporite ( Fig. 2c View FIGURE 2 ). Single Polian vesicle ( Fig. 2c View FIGURE 2 ).

Calcareous ring robust. Radial plates slightly taller, much larger than interradial ones. Interradial plate articulated with both, base of radial plate and first piece of posterior process, such that half of the interradial plate is connected to the posterior process ( Fig. 2d View FIGURE 2 ). MidIR (IR5), midR (RI) not modified ( Figs. 3b, c View FIGURE 3 ). Radial plates undivided, rectangular, base convex without projection, two AP, one wider than the other ( Fig. 2d View FIGURE 2 , 3a View FIGURE 3 ). Posterior processes longer than radial plates, subdivided into about 3–4 large pieces ( Figure 3b, e View FIGURE 3 ). Interradial plates elongated, base slightly concave, anterior end pointed ( Fig. 2d View FIGURE 2 , 3 b, c View FIGURE 3 ). Marginal grooves for AB deep ( Fig. 3e View FIGURE 3 ). TCT rectangular ( Fig. 3f View FIGURE 3 ).

Body wall tables four-pillared with circular disc (80–100 μm long; Fig.4 a,b View FIGURE 4 ); with one large central hole, eight marginal perforations, margin undulated; spire ending in 8–12 spines, borne on a squarish crown. Introvert with rosettes (30–50 μm long; Fig.4c View FIGURE 4 ). Tentacles with rods branched and perforated at both ends (40–100 μm long; Fig. 4d, e View FIGURE 4 , respectively). Tube feet with flat perforated plates, irregular margins (100–200 μm long; Fig.4f–h View FIGURE 4 ); endplate with numerous small holes, much reduced in diameter medially (endplates up to 500 μm diameter; Fig.4i View FIGURE 4 ).

Remarks. In addition to the previously published description of the calcareous ring ( Heding & Panning, 1954), new morphological details are provided here by means of microtomography of the aquapharyngeal bulb attachment, longitudinal muscle attachment, and retractor muscle attachment (fig 3d), as well as of the grooves in the radial plate for water vascular canals (fig 3e) and transverse cross-sections at the top region of the calcareous ring (fig 3f). It is worth noting that what was termed calcareous ring posterior projection by Heding & Panning (1954) is referred here as posterior process (see Martins et al. 2021 for definitions). The opportunity of examining the holotype was also taken to provide a photograph of the general aspect of the body ( Fig. 2a View FIGURE 2 ) and describe for the first time by means of optical microscopy the morphology of the longitudinal retractor and circular muscles ( Fig. 2b View FIGURE 2 ).