Euura mucronata ( Hartig, 1837 )

Liston, Andrew D., Heibo, Erik, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege, Nyman, Tommi & Vikberg, Veli, 2017, North European gall-inducing Euura sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae), Zootaxa 4302 (1), pp. 1-115 : 64

Euura mucronata ( Hartig, 1837)

Nematus mucronatus Hartig, 1837: 223 . Described: ♀, ♂. Lectotype, designated by Kopelke (2001), ♀, ZSM [examined: according to the original description, types in ZMHUB (= "Mus. Klug")]. Type locality: not stated.

Cryptocampus mucronatus: Vollenhoven (1871: but name applied to E. amerinae) .

Euura mucronata: Lindqvist (1956) . Note: prior to Lindqvist (1956) the name saliceti

was wrongly used for this taxon.

Euura (Gemmura) mucronata: Viitasaari & Vikberg (1985) .

Nematus (Euura) mucronatus: Zhelochovtsev (1988) .

Euura gallae Newman, 1837: 260 . Described: holotype, ♀; OUMNH [examined]. Type locality: Scotland. Nomen oblitum with respect to N. mucronatus (Liston & Prous 2014) .

Cryptocampus gemmarum Brischke, 1883b: 207. Described: ♀, ♂, larva, gall, recorded host: Salix aurita . Type material thought to have been destroyed, with most of the rest of Brischke's collection ( Blank & Taeger 1998). Type locality: Heubude , Weichselmünde and Brösen [ Danzig area , now in Poland]. Note. Authorship of the species name often wrongly attributed to Zaddach or Zaddach & Brischke.

Cryptocampus pictus Brischke, 1883b: 212. Described: holotype, ♂. Type material thought to have been destroyed, with most of the rest of Brischke's collection ( Blank & Taeger 1998). Type locality: Königsberg [now Kaliningrad, Russia]. Note. Authorship of the species name often wrongly attributed to Zaddach or Zaddach & Brischke.

Euura nigritarsis Cameron, 1885: 212 –213. Described: ♀, ♂, larva, gall, recorded host: Salix caprea . Syntypes may be in BMNH [not examined]. Type locality: Scotland, Clydesdale. Name preoccupied in Euura by Nematus nigritarsis André, 1880 [a synonym of Euura viminalis ]. Syn. nov.

Cryptocampus nigritarsis: Konow (1890) .

Euura (Gemmura) nigritarsis: Kopelke (2001) .

? Euura insularis Kincaid, 1900: 352 . Described: ♀, ♂. Lectotype, ♀, designated below, USNM. Type locality: Alaska, Popof Island. Synonymised by Benson (1962) with Euura mucronata , without any explanation.

Euura (Gemmura) gemmacinereae Kopelke, 2001: 210 –211. Described: ♀, ♂, gall, recorded host: Salix cinerea . Holotype, ♀, SMF [examined]. Type locality: Switzerland, Valais, Grimselpaß, Räterichsbodensee. Syn. nov.

Notes on types and taxonomy. Kopelke (2001) referred to the existence of a holotype of E. nigritarsis , but Cameron's description was based on a syntype series. We detected no significant differences in the morphology, including genitalia, of the nominal species E. mucronata , E. nigritarsis , and E. gemmacinereae . Furthermore, sequencing failed to reveal any genetic differences. Accordingly, these three taxa are treated as synonyms.

Photos of a female syntype of Euura insularis and its labels are available: (http://www.usnmhymtypes.com/ default.asp? Action = Show _ Types & Single _ Type = True &TypeID=6057). The labels include " Co Type No. 5302 U.S. N.M." and " Lectotypus Euura insularis Kincaid 1900 desig. Kopelke 200[?9]". Kopelke apparently did not publish the designation. We hereby designate this specimen as lectotype of E. insularis . Kincaid (1900), in his description of Euura insularis , wrote " Type no. 5301, U. S. National Museum". The published number is wrong: 5301 was correctly assigned by Kincaid (1900) to Pontania peninsularis Kincaid, 1900 . It is important to note that the registration numbers used and published by Kincaid [and frequently also by S. A. Rohwer, who worked at the USNM at around the same period] were often applied to syntype series, not individual specimens. Thus, of 10 female and 2 male extant paralectotypes of E. insularis in the USNM, 2 females and 2 males are all labelled " Co Type No. 5302 U.S. N.M.". The other specimens are without such a label.

Variability. Female: Body length: 2.3–4.4mm. Supraclypeal area pale to dark. Pronotum pale-margined to completely black. Tegula yellow to fuscous. Male: 3.2–4.0mm. Extent of pale on inner and outer orbits very variable. Total number of specimens examined: 24.

Genetic data. COI barcode not distinguishable from that of E. myrsinifoliae .

Similar species. Female; externally not distinguishable from others in the subgroup, except laeta , lanatae , and subgemma , or from E. testaceipes and venusta . Male; not distinguishable from other nominal taxa in the subgroup.

Bionomics. Host plants: Salix aurita ( Kopelke 2001) , Salix caprea ( Cameron 1885, Kopelke 2001), Salix cinerea ( Kopelke 2003a) . Biology: Kopelke (2001), Roininen et al. (1988; as E. mucronata on S. cinerea ), Roininen (1991; as E. mucronata on S. cinerea ).

Distribution. Central and North Europe north to N. Trøndelag in Norway ( Kopelke 2001).

Possibly also North America ( Benson 1962). Occurrence in Sweden: probably nearly throughout the country, but most previous records need checking because of confusion with several similar species. Published records: Halland ( Andersson 1955, as E. saliceti on S. aurita and S. cinerea ), Västergötland ( Wahlgren 1961, as E. mucronata on Salix cinerea ).