Hyboptera apollonia Erwin

Erwin, Terry L., 2004, The beetle family Carabidae of Costa Rica: The genera of the Cryptobatida group of subtribe Agrina, tribe Lebiini, with new species and notes on their way of life (Insecta: Coleoptera), Zootaxa 662, pp. 1-54 : 33-35

Hyboptera apollonia Erwin , new species

( Figs. 17 , 18 , 36 )

Holotype. Male. PANAMÁ, COLÓN, Porto Bello, 113 m, 9° 33' 0 N, 79° 39' 0 W, Feburary (E.A. Schwarz)( NMNH: ADP007943).

Derivation of specific name. The specific epithet, apollonia , is used as a noun in apposition based on the first name of Michael Corelone's beautiful young Italian wife in the movie The Godfather, whose death in a car explosion perpetrated by Mafia competition signifies the useless instantaneous death of so many species when humans put fire to the tropical rain forest in time of drought.

Common name. Apollonia's humped­wing carabid beetle.

Diagnosis. With the attributes of the genus as described above and elytral ground color testaceous, tubercles and small interval patches infuscated; interval 5 with 7 tubercles.

Description. ( Fig. 17 ). Size small: ABL = 4.33 to 4.83 mm, SBL = 4.08 to 4.58 mm, TW = 2.0 to 2.50 mm. Color: Aeneous with subtle green highlights; mouthparts, appendages, margin of prothorax, venter of head and prothorax, abdominal segments II–V testaceous; meso­ and metathorax, and abdominal segment VI infuscated. Metathorasic wings clear. Luster: Very shiny. Microsculpture: Dorsal surface with isodiametric meshes. Head: Markedly broad, not as broad as pronotum; clypeus bi­tuberculate, tubercle in form of crescent; frons and occiput markedly transversely rugose; eyes large, produced; ultimate maxillary palpomere securiform, ultimate labial palpomere securiform and concave with margin of setae; antennae short, barely reaching humerus. Prothorax: Convex, disc transversely and regularly rugose, side margin markedly explanate, subangulate at mid­lateral setigerous pore, straight to anterior hind angle, base medially lobed. Pterothorax: Normal for Agrina, fully winged. Legs: Normal for Agrina. Abdomen: Setiferous; normal ambulatory setae on sterna 3–5 and males with one pair of ambulatory setae on sternum 6, females with two pairs on sternum 6. Male genitalia: Phallus ( Fig. 18 ) with ostium of 1/5 its length, catopic, apex short, rounded; endophallus with flagellum, flagellum not barbed. Parameres asymmetric, right very small, left larger.

Dispersal potential. The wings are fully developed and adults of other species of this genus are known to occur in the canopy of tropical forests, thus it is likely that this species is a moderate to strong flyer.

Way of life. See under genus. An adult of this species was fogged from a tree in the genus Guarea at La Selva and another caught in a Malaise trap as part of the ALAS Project. Nevermann collected a specimen on a rotten log. The known altitudinal range of this species is between 10 and 750 meters above sea level. Adults have been obtained in January, February, March, April, September, and October; hence there is activity by them in both the dry and rainy seasons in the lowlands and lower middle altitudes, both on the east and west sides of the Cordillera Central.

Other specimens examined. Paratypes: COSTA RICA. 2 females, HEREDIA, 3.0 km S Puerto Viejo, Finca La Selva , 50–150 m, 10° 25' 55” N, 084° 00' 32” W, LN535500,268000, January (INBio­OET: CRI 002233666), May (H.A. Hespenheide)( INBio: CRI 002268324, ADP 102312), 11.0 km SE La Virgen, 550 m, 10° 20' 0 N, 084° 04' 0 W, 1 male, March (INBio­OET: INB0003238058); 2 females, LIMÓN, Rio Reventazon, Ebene, Hamburg Farm, 10 m, 10° 15' 0 N, 083° 28' 0 W, October (F. Nevermann) ( INBio: ADP007946) April ( NMNH: ADP007945); 1 female, Tortuguero, 10° 32' 22” N, 083° 30' 23” W, LN280000,590500, January–June (J. Solano) ( INBIO: CRI 001366231); 1 male, PUNTARENAS, Peninsula de Osa , Rancho Quemado, 200 m, 08° 40' 44” N, 083° 34' 00” W, LS292500,511000, September (F.A. Quesada)( INBio: CRI 001191230). PANAMÁ. PANAMÁ. 1 female, Pipeline Road, June (S. Lingafelter)( SEMC: ADP07577), 1 female, Cerro Jefe, 700–750m, 09° 12' 0 N, 072° 21' 0 W, May (R.T. Allen)( NMNH: ADP 011167).

Geographic distribution. ( Fig. 36 ). Known only from lower Central America in Costa Rica and Panamá.

Figures

FIGURE 17. Hyboptera apollonia Erwin FIGURE 19. Hyboptera auxiliadora Erwin n. n. sp., male, dorsal aspect, specimen sp., male, dorsal aspect, specimen # ADP 007623 # CRI 001191230. (Bentsen State Park, Texas, USA).

FIGURE 18. Phallus, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects of Hyboptera apollonia Erwin n. sp., specimen # CRI 001191230.

FIGURE 36. Geographical distribution map of the species of Hyboptera in Costa Rica: H. apollonia Erwin n. sp. (solid circle,), H. auxiliadora Erwin n. sp. (open circle,