Pseudoodes cribristernis ( Bates, 1892 ) Guéorguiev & Liang, 2020

Guéorguiev, Borislav & Liang, Hongbin, 2020, Revision of the Palaearctic and Oriental representatives of Lachnocrepis LeConte and Oodes Bonelli (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with special account on Chinese species, Zootaxa 4850 (1), pp. 1-89 : 11-16

1. Pseudoodes cribristernis ( Bates, 1892) , comb. n.

( Figs 1 A–G, Figs 2 A–E, Table 2)

Oodes cribristernis Bates, 1892: 323 (type locality: ‘Karin Asciuii Chebà 1200–1300 m.’ [Kayah–Karen Mountains in Myanmar]). Type locality is designated as a result of lectotype designation (see Article 73.2.3., ICZN 1999).

References.

Oodes cribristernis: Andrewes 1930: 238 (‘Karen Hills.’); Andrewes 1940: 204 (identification key; distribution: ‘ Burma [ Myanmar], Sumatra’); Darlington 1968: 33 (identification key), 37–38 (taxonomic notes and distribution in New Guinea); Allen 1973: 32 (Arkansas Insect Collection); Lorenz 1998: 305; Lorenz 2005: 325.

Oodes (Oodes) cribristernis: Csiki 1931: 1007 (‘Birma’).

Oodes vicarius: Andrewes 1930: 239 (‘Laos’).

Type material. Oodes cribristernis Bates. Consists of four male syntypes, study of which revealed conspecificity. The specimen selected for lectotype bears the following labels: ‘Carin Asciuii Chebà 1200–1300m. L. Fea. 1– 88. [w, p] // Oodes cribristernis Bates [w, h, by H.W. Bates] // Typus [r, p] // cribristernis Bates [w, h] // Oodes cribristernis (es. typ.) Bates [y, h] // SYNTYPUS Oodes cribristernis Bates, 1892 [r, h/p] // Museo Civico di Genova [w, p]’ (MCSN). Paralectotypes: 1♂, ‘Carin Chebà 900–1100. m. L. Fea. V XII–88. [w, p] // SYNTYPUS Oodes cribristernis Bates, 1892 [r, h/p] // Museo Civico di Genova [w, p]’ (MCSN); 1♂, ‘Carin Chebá 900–1100 m. L. Fea V XII–88 [w, p] // Oodes cribristernis Bates [w, h; by N.W. Bates] // Ex-Musaeo H.W. Bates 1892 [w, p]’ ( MNHN, box ‘Magasins Chaudoir nr. 77 Anatrichis Oodiellus Systolocran. Polychaetus Oodes’); 1♂, ‘Carin Chebá 900–1100 m. L. Fea V XII–88 [w, p] // Bought from Janson, 1917. [w, p] // Co-type [white rounded label with green band] // Oodes cribrister- -nis B. n. sp. [w, h; by H.W. Bates] // H.E. Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945–97. [w, p]’ (BMNH).

According to Andrewes (1919: 196), “ When Bates was describing a new species he did not make a practice of designating a particular insect as the “type”, so that, except in case of unique specimens, there is only a typical series ”. H.E. Andrewes (ibid.) considered that in such a case, the right procedure is “ of indication as the type the specimen labelled by the author in his own hand-writing ”. Finding this approach correct, we followed it to choose the lectotype of O. cribristernis .

Other material examined. CHINA: Yunnan Province: 1♂, Yunnan Province Shuangjiang 850 m // light trap, 1980.VI.2 coll. Lin Fen ( IZAS); 1♂, 3♀♀, ‘CASENT (nrs 1013807–1013810) // CHINA, Yunnan Province, Tengchong Co., Qushi Township, Xiangyang Bridge on Longchuanjiang, N25.21056°/E098.56667° // 1515 m, 23 October 2003, on wet stones at night, Liang H.-B. & Shi X.-C. Collectors, LHB–03–28’ ( IZAS); 1♂, ‘CASENT 1011900 // CHINA, Yunnan Province, Longling Co., Longjiang Township, Mengliu village, Dashitouhe River, 1685 m, // N24.80833°/E098.71667° 31 October 2003, under rocks, Liang H.-B. & Shi X.-C. Collectors, LHB– 03–44’ ( IZAS); 2♂♂, 2♀♀, ‘CASENT (nrs 1014476 & 1017367–1017369) // CHINA, Yunnan, Fugong County, Shangpa Township, Nu Jiang, along road on west bank south of vehicle bridge, N26.88952°/E098.86539°, // 1223 m, 22 April 2004 Stop #DHK–2004–006 D.H. Kavanaugh & C.E Griswold collectors’ ( IZAS); 2♂♂, 2♀♀, ‘CASENT (nrs 1022556–1022559) // CHINA, Yunnan, Fugong County, Shangpa Township, Guquan village, 1210 m, N26.89123°/E098.86533°, // 12 May, 2004 Stop #DHK–2004–043 D.H. Kavanaugh collector’ ( IZAS); 5♂♂, 2♀♀, ‘ CHINA, Yunnan Province, Fugong Co., Shangpa, Guquan village, roadside 26.88897°N, 98.86558°E // 1230 m, 2004.5.12, night, Liang H-B, Li X-Y coll., California Academy & IOZ., Chinese Acad. Sci.’ ( IZAS); 4♂♂, 2♀♀, ‘ CHINA, Yunnan Prov., Fugong, Shangpa Town, W bank of Nujiang 26.90743°N, 98.86391°E // 1180 m, 2005.8.19 N Kavanaugh D. Collector, California Academy & IOZ., Chinese Acad. Sci.’ ( IZAS); 1♀, ‘ CHINA, Yunnan Prov., Fugong, Shangpa Town, Guquan Vill., roadside, 26.89123°N, 98.86533°E // 1210 m, 2005.8.19 N, Liang H.B., Zhang J.F., California Academy & IOZ., Chinese Acad. Sci.’ ( IZAS); 1♂, ‘ CHINA, Yunnan Prov., Fugong, Shangpa Mugujia, around waterfall, 26.86203°N, 98.87142°E // 1177 m, 2005.8.22 day Liang H.B., Zhang J.F., California Academy & IOZ., Chinese Acad. Sci.’ ( IZAS); 1♂, 2♀♀, ‘ CHINA, Yunnan Prov., Tengchong, Jietou, Datang, Dahelingganjiao, 25.73678°N, 98.69639°E // 2005 m, 2006.5.18, day, Dong Dazhi collector, California Academy & IOZ., Chinese Acad. Sci.’ ( IZAS); 5♂♂, 1♀, ‘ CHINA, Yunnan Prov., Tenchong, Jietou, 0.7km N Jietou beach, 25.43128°N, 98.64773°E // 1569 m, 2006.5.22 N David Kavanaugh coll., California Academy & IOZ., Chinese Acad. Sci.’ ( IZAS); 1♀, ‘ CHINA, Yunnan Prov., Tenchong, Houqiao, Guyong Linchang, ground, 25.36538°N, 98.32412°E // 2050 m, 2006.5.27 N Liang H.B., Liu Z.C., California Academy & IOZ., Chinese Acad. Sci.’ ( IZAS); 1♂, ‘ CHINA, Yunnan Prov., Tenchong, Mangbang, Longwenqiao, on shrubs, 25.02329°N, 98.67710°E // 1285 m, 2006.6.5, day, David Kavanaugh coll., California Academy & IOZ., Chinese Acad. Sci.’ ( IZAS); 1♂, 2♀♀, ‘ CHINA, Yunnan Prov., Tenchong, Mangbang Longwenqiao, on shrubs, 25.02329°N, 98.67710°E // 1285 m, 2006.6.5 N Kavanaugh D., Brett R., California Academy & IOZ., Chinese Acad. Sci.’ ( IZAS); 2♂♂, 8♀♀, ‘ CHINA, Yunnan Prov., Tenchong, Beihai, Qinghai lake, under rock, 25.13408°N, 98.57144°E // 1842 m, 2006.6.4, day, David Kavanaugh coll., California Academy & IOZ., Chinese Acad. Sci.’ ( IZAS); 1♂, 1♀, China: Yunnan [ CH 07–18] Baoshan Pref., mountain range, 22 km S Tengchong, 1750 m, 24°49’29”N, 98°29’27”E, secondary forest, litter, dead wood sifted, 2.VI.2007, leg. A. Pütz (cAP); 1♂, 2♀♀, Yunnan Province Simao, Laiyanghe Nature Reserve, 2009.III.07, coll. Zhu Xiaoyu ( IZAS); 7♂♂, 9♀♀, ‘ CHINA (Yunnan) Baoshan Pref., Gaoligong Shan, 10 km SE Kambaiti pass, 45 km NW Tengchong, 1700–1800 m, 25°21’13–29”N / 98°13’39–54”E (primary forest, permanent flat pool) 29.VIII.2009 D.W. Wrase [15]’ ( NMNHS, cDW); 2♂♂, ‘ CHINA (Yunnan) Baoshan Pref., mountain range, 22 km S Tengchong, 1750 m 24°49’21”N / 98°29’27”E (loamy banks of fishponds), 30.VIII.2009 D.W. Wrase [19A]’ (cDW).

MYANMAR: S h a n State: 1♂, ‘Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B. MYANMAR, Shan State Taunggyi, 5–23.VI–2008 Purchased from Ji Jingke I.G. 31.984’ (RBINS); 1♀, ‘ MYANMAR, Shan State Kalaw env., 8.– 20.6.2015, N 20.63200° E 96.56197°, 1356 m, Walter Grosser lgt.’ (cZM).

THAILAND: Chiang Mai Province: 1♀, ‘Thai 9–14/5.1991 Chiang Dao 350m 19°22’ N 98°57’ E David Král lgt.’ (NHMB). Tak Province: 1♂, ‘W. Thailand: 300m., Thung Yai Wildlife Sanctuary 15°30’N– 98°48’E. // Tak Province Umphang District Mae Chang/Mae Klong confluence. 27.iv.–6.v.1988. // M.J.D.Brendell. B.M.1988– 183’ (BMNH). Khon Kaen Province: 1♀, ‘N-THAILAND Khon Kaen Prov., Si Chom Phu, 220m 16°8531N / 102°2526E leg. R. Ohnesorge, XI.2012 ’ (cMB). Chonbury Province: 1♀, ‘Pattaya 24.6.1994 Thailand op light Jomtien’ ( RMNH). Satun Province: 1♂, ‘S-THAILAND III. 1994 Thale Ban NP Headquarter leg Madl’ (NMW).

LAOS: Luang Prabang Province: 1♂, ‘ Laos Ban Pai’ ( MNHN, box ‘Museum National Collection Negre Harpalidae (Magasin) ’). Houaphanh Province: 48♂♂, 74♀♀, ‘NE-LAOS, Pr. Hua Phan Ban Saleui, Phou Pan (Mt.), ~ 20°12’N, 104°01’E 01.–31.V.2011, 1300–1900m, local collector’ (NME); 58♂♂, 81♀♀, ‘NE LAOS, Pr. Hua Phan Ban Saleui, Phou Pan (Mt.), 20°12’N, 104°01’E 11.IV. 15.V.2012, 1300–1900m, leg. C. Holzschuh’ (NME, NMNHS). X i a n g k h o u a n g Province: 1♀, ‘ Xieng Khouang, Muong Pek. 15.XII.1918 R.V. de Salvaza.’, determined as O. vicarius by H.E. Andrewes ( MNHN, box ‘ Oodini Chlaeniini , Abacetini & others det. by H.E. Andrewes’).

VIETNAM: G i a L a i Province: 1♀, ‘ Vietnam, Gia–Lai Prov., Ankhi Distr., Buoenloy vill. 5–10.II.93 Starikov’ (ZIN); 1♂, 1♀, ‘ Vietnam, Gia–Lai prov., Ka Bang Distr., Krong Pa vill., 1500 m 13–30.IX.1997 N. L. Orlov’ (ZIN). Bà Rị–Vũng Tàu Province: 1♀, ‘Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B. VIETNAM: Con Dao N.P. Con Son Isl. 8°41’30”N 106°38’00”E, 17–24.vi.2012 night collecting, Leg J. Constant & J. Bressel, I.G.: 32.161’ (RBINS).

INDONESIA: Riau Province: 1♂, ‘A. L. v. Hasselt Indragiri Sumatra or.’ ( RMNH). South Sumatra: 3♂♂, ‘Palenbang Sumatra’ ( MNHN, box ‘Collection Générale Oodes ’). West Sumatra: 1♂, ‘ INDONESIA, Mentawai isls. N. Siberut isl., 100–300 m, St. Jakl leg., 3–4.2005’ (cMB).

PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Milne Bay Province: 1♀, ‘ Milne Bay Papua, N.G. Dec 1943 Darlington’ ( RMNH).

TME: 359 specimens. TGE: 3♂♂, 2♀♀.

Diagnosis. The species is distinct from the other two species of the “ cribristernis ” group in having the MA/MM ≤0.93. Very similar to P. vicarius but different in its: (1) mentum tooth truncate apically; (2) prosternal process narrower, diamond-shaped; (3) metepisternum lateral margin concave posteriorly; its coadunation with epipleuron located more anteriorly; (4) straighter and thinner apex of the median lobe; (5) apical gonocoxite stouter, with nematiform setae removed medially from apex; and (6) spermathecal gland attached to receptaculum more apically. Pseudoodes cribristernis differs from P. subcoriaceus in its smaller size, less than 14.5 mm.

Description. Habitus. Specimens of middle to large size (BL: 12.6–14.3 mm, BW: 5.0– 5.6 mm), with subelongate, relatively flat body ( Fig. 1A ). Ratios and measurements. See Table 2. Color and luster. Body black, appendages piceous to rufopiceous. Integument moderately shiny, without iridescence. Punctuation. Dorsal surface without punctuation; pro- and metasternum at sides, mesoepisternum and metepisternum more densely and strongly punctate than proepisternum; abdominal ventrites 1–5 finely rugose and punctate at sides, ventrite 6 punctate at apex.

Head. Half or less as wide as pronotum ( Table 2). Mentum tooth truncate, with distinct paramedial border ( Fig. 2A ).

Thorax. Pronotum ( Fig. 1B ) with sides slightly rounded toward posterior angles (PW/PB: 1.02–1.08); maximum width in posterior third; laterobasal impressions indistinct; base slightly sinuate; anterior angles rounded, weakly projected. Prosternum with median longitudinal sulcus indistinct; prosternal process elliptic, with rounded apex ( Fig. 2B ). Metepisternum longer than wide (MA/MM: 0.87–0.93), with lateral margin concave posteriorly, coadunation with epipleuron short, located anteriorly ( Fig. 1C ). Elytra. Apical sinuation moderate, well defined. Basal margin distinct laterally, forming a small denticle at shoulder, disappearing medially at level of stria 3. Parascutellar striola distinct, punctate, less impressed than other striae; striae impunctate. Intervals 1–7 subconvex, interval 8 more convex than others. Legs. Metacoxal basal sulcus extended to lateral fourth. Male mesotibia slightly dilated apically. Protarsomeres 1–3 of male ( Fig. 2C ) moderately dilated, with second tarsomere barely wider than long (W/Lp2: 1.05–1.15). Male genitalia. Median lobe ( Figs 1D, E, H, G ) with basal bulb relatively short, wide; angle between basal bulb and shaft nearly right; shaft long, significantly swollen medially; apex short, curved ventrally; apical lamella short, straight, rounded at tip. Female genitalia. Basal gonocoxite with four lateroapical setae situated in line. Apical gonocoxite subelongate, stouter than in P. vicarius , with two moderately large dorsolateral ensiform setae, dorsomedial ensiform seta near middle, and nematiform setae subapically ( Fig. 2D ). Bursa copulatrix with a large dorsal sclerite; spermatheca moderately long, well differentiated, with receptaculum twisted apically; spermathecal gland connected near apical fifth of seminal canal ( Fig. 2E ).

Distribution. Palaearctic Region: China (Yunnan). Oriental Region: Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Indonesia (Sumatra Is., Mentawai Is., West Papua Province, Papua Province), Papua New Guinea. First records for China, Thailand, and Vietnam. Cited for Laos as Oodes vicarius by Andrewes (1930).

Bionomics. Specimens were collected most frequently at night under light traps. In Yunnan, they were gathered along riverbanks on wet ground at night. Specimens were also collected in the daytime, most often along riverbanks (under rocks or on shrubs), more rarely in forest litter (shifting dead wood or under rocks). Pseudoodes cribristernis inhabits places situated in a wide altitudinal gradient, from sea level (Con Son Island, Vietnam; Palenbang, Indonesia) up to 2100 m (Yunnan). It is the most eurytopic species among the taxa of Pseudoodes .

Notes. Darlington (1968: 38) wrote about O. cribristernis : ‘ The species (if it is one species) is known from Burma, Sumatra, and New Guinea ’. Since a vast area has not been populated by P. cribristernis between the islands of Sumatra and New Guinea, the data from New Guinea are questionable and may refer to another closely related species.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Pseudoodes cribristernis Bates, 1892 (A–G: lectotype of Oodes cribristernis Bates, 1892).A: habitus and labels; B: head and pronotum; C: left metepisternum and metacoxa (arrow shows lateral end of metacoxal basal sulcus); D: median lobe of aedeagus, lateral view; E: same, anterior dorsal view; F: same, posterior dorsal view; G: same, ventral view. Scale lines = 2 mm (Fig. A); = 1 mm (Figs B–C); = 0.5 mm (Figs D–G).

FIGURE 2. Pseudoodes cribristernis Bates, 1892 (A–B: female specimen, China, Yunnan Prov., Fugong County, Guquan Village; C: male specimen, same locality; D–E: female specimen, Thailand, Chiang Dao). A: mentum; B: prosternal process; C: right protarsomeres; D: left gonocoxite, ventral view; E: spermathecal complex and gonocoxites, ventral view. Scale lines = 0.5 mm (Figs A–C, E); = 0.2 mm (Fig. D).