Oodes Bonelli, 1810

Guéorguiev, Borislav & Liang, Hongbin, 2020, Revision of the Palaearctic and Oriental representatives of Lachnocrepis LeConte and Oodes Bonelli (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with special account on Chinese species, Zootaxa 4850 (1), pp. 1-89 : 44

subgenus Oodes Bonelli, 1810

Diagnosis. The species of the nominotypical subgenus possess the following three character states: (1) bursa copulatrix simple, one-chambered, and not expanded distally; (2) ventral surface of meso- and metatarsomeres 1–4 in both sexes as well as protarsomeres 1–4 in female, with short and relatively scarce setae aligned in one row on each side of tarsomere; and (3) sclerite of internal sac of median lobe large in apical half, consisting of semi-circular base and short distal extension (scb and sce, Figs 17 , 19 , 22 ). All the three traits are treated here as plesiomorphic.

Geographical distribution and diversity. The group includes eight species, the western Palaearctic Oodes helopioides ( Fabricius, 1792) and O. gracilis A. Villa & GB. Villa, 1833 , the eastern Palaearctic O. integer Semenov, 1889 , O. tokyoensis Habu, 1956 and Oodes echigonus Habu & Baba, 1960 , and the Nearctic O. americanus Dejean, 1826 , O. fluvialis LeConte, 1863 , and O. brevis Lindroth, 1957 . All five Palaearctic species are restricted to this biogeographical region. Only O. echigonus occurs in the Sino–Japanese transitional biogeographic zone (according to Morrone 2015), situated between the Palaearctic and Oriental regions. Among the Palaearctic species, O. integer and O. tokyoensis are taxonomically the least known taxa.

Notes. Three Nearctic Oodes species, O. americanus , O. fluvialis , and O. brevis , share generic characters (2), (3), and (6) with their congeners from the Eastern Hemisphere (see “Diagnosis” under Oodes ), as well as subgeneric characters (1) and (2), with the respective taxa of Oodes s.str. Bousquet (1996: 474) discussed the strong similarities of O. americanus and O. fluviatilis with O. echigonus , which is in agreement with the classification proposed in the present paper. Similarities between O. fluviatilis (and presumably O. americanus ) and the congeners dealt with herein exist also in the generic character state (5) (see Bousquet 1996: 515, fig. 44; Figs 18F , 21B , present work). The structure of the male protarsomere 3 in O. brevis however is different. Lindroth (1957: 65, fig. 1A) and Bousquet (1996: 515, fig. 45) noted that males of this species have an unusual dilated protarsomere 3. Bousquet’s assumption that O. brevis Lindroth and O. vicarius Bates are adelphotaxa (ibid.: 477) needs further taxonomic investigation. The latter species possesses a set of traits that differ from those of the veritable Oodes species. Thus it is assigned to a different genus in the current study.

Figures

FIGURE 17. Oodes echigonus Habu & Baba, 1960 (A–B: topotype male specimen, Japan, Niigata Pref., Katamachi; C–D: male specimen, China, imprecise locality; E–F: topotype female specimen, same locality as in the male topotype).A, C: median lobe of aedeagus, left lateral view; B: same, dorsal view; D: same, ventral view; E: left gonocoxite, ventral view; F: spermathecal complex and gonocoxites, ventral view. Scale lines = 0.5 mm (Figs A–D, F); = 0.2 mm (Fig. E).

FIGURE 18. Oodes helopioides (Fabricius, 1792) (A–B: Oodes parallelus Motschulsky, 1858, lectotype and its labels; C–D: Oodes parallelogrammus Motschulsky, 1858, lectotype and its labels; E–F: Oodes thessalonicensis Schatzmayr, 1909, lectotype and its labels; G: Oodes helopioides var. fiorii Porta, 1923, lectotype and its labels; H: male specimen, Bulgaria, Slānčev brjag; I: female specimen, Strandza Mt., Indipaskha; J: male specimen, France, les Collettes).A, C, E, G–H: habitus; B: left metacoxa; D: right metepisternum and metacoxa; F: left protarsomeres; I: mentum; J: prosternal process. Scale lines = 2 mm (Figs A, C, E, G–H); = 1 mm (Figs B, D); = 0.5 mm (Figs F, I–J).

FIGURE 19. Oodes helopioides (Fabricius, 1792) (A–B: Oodes thessalonicensis Schatzmayr, 1909, lectotype; C–D: male specimen, Bulgaria, Veleka River outfall; E–F: male specimen, Bulgaria, Srebarna Lake; G: female specimen, same locality; H: female specimen, same locality). A, E: median lobe of aedeagus, left lateral view; B–C: same, anterior dorsal view; D: same, posterior dorsal view; F: same, ventral view; G: left gonocoxite, ventral view; H: spermathecal complex and gonocoxites, ventral view. Scale lines = 0.5 mm (Figs A–F, H); = 0.2 mm (Fig. G).

FIGURE 21. Oodes gracilis A. Villa & G.B. Villa, 1833 (A–B: neotype and its labels; C–D: female specimen, Bulgaria, Pomorie-See; E–G: male specimen, Albania, Mali i Tabaroshit).A, C: habitus; B: left protarsomeres; D: pronotum and head; E: mentum; F: prosternal process; G: left metepisternum and metacoxa (arrow shows lateral end of metacoxal basal sulcus). Scale lines = 2 mm (Figs A, C); = 0.5 mm (Figs B, D, F–G); = 0.2 mm (Fig. E).

FIGURE 22. Oodes gracilis A. Villa & G.B. Villa, 1833 (A–B: neotype; C: male specimen, Bulgaria, Dragoman Marsh; D–E: male specimen, Bulgaria, Srebarna Lake; F–G: female specimens, Bulgaria, Dragoman Marsh). A, C: median lobe of aedeagus, left lateral view; B, D: same, dorsal view; E: same, ventral view; F: left gonocoxite, ventral view; G: spermathecal complex and gonocoxites, ventral view. Scale lines = 0.5 mm (Figs A–E, G); = 0.2 mm (Fig. F).