Galeolaria Lamarck, 1818

Ten Hove, Harry A. & Kupriyanova, Elena K., 2009, Taxonomy of Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta): The state of affairs, Zootaxa 2036, pp. 1-126 : 49-50

14. Galeolaria Lamarck, 1818

( Fig. 21)

Type-species: Galeolaria caespitosa Lamarck, 1818

Number of species: 2

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Tube white or pink, opaque, with 2 longitudinal keels, trapezoidal in cross-section. Granular overlay absent. Operculum rather flat ampulla with distal calcareous plate, armed with elaborate movable spines. Peduncle thick, triangular in cross-section, with distal wings; inserted almost medio-dorsally, covering the base of up to 3–4 dorsal radioles; constriction absent. Pseudoperculum absent. Radioles arranged almost in spirals (1.25 whorl), up to 42 per lobe. Stylodes and branchial eyes absent. Inter-radiolar membrane present. Mouth palps absent. 7 thoracic chaetigerous segments. Collar trilobed, collar edge entire, smooth, occasionally with frilly edge ( G. hystrix ). Tonguelets absent. Thoracic membranes forming apron. Collar chaetae small, limbate ( Fig. 21A). Apomatus chaetae absent. Thoracic uncini saw-shaped with 7–10 teeth, anterior peg stout, rounded to spatulate ( Fig. 21C). Triangular depression absent. Abdominal chaetae true trumpet-shaped, smoothly bent, with two rows of denticles separated by a hollow groove and extended into a long lateral spine ( Fig. 21E). Abdominal uncini with 11–15 teeth, anterior peg stout, rounded ( Fig. 21D), posterior ones rasp-shaped with 2–3 rows. Long posterior capillary chaetae absent. Achaetous anterior abdominal zone short (2–3 segments). Posterior glandular pad absent.

Remarks. The genus Galeolaria is one of the taxa that has been attributed to Savigny by various authors (e.g., Fauchald 1977: 144). The Code, however, is very clear on the point of priority of publication, Lamarck (1818) precedes Savigny (1820), and is the author of Galeolaria (cf. Fauchald 1992: 2–3).

The genus Galeolaria is endemic to the southern half of Australia and New Zealand. G. caespitosa is gregarious and intertidal, whereas G. hystrix is solitary and subtidal, rarely forming “reefs” (see Smith et al. 2005). The uncorroborated records of Galeolaria caespitosa from New Caledonia by Fauvel (1947) and of G. hystrix from N.W. Spain by Alvariño (1951) are most probably erroneous.

1. Galeolaria caespitosa Lamarck, 1818 , temperate and cold southern part of Australia

2. Galeolaria hystrix Mörch, 1863 , New Zealand, temperate and cold southern part of Australia.