Eugenia guanabarina (Mattos & D. Legrand 1975:67 ) Giaretta & M.C.Souza (2018: 284)

Valdemarin, Karinne Sampaio, Mazine, Fiorella F. & Souza, Vinicius Castro, 2024, Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from Reserva Natural Vale, Espírito Santo, a center of plant endemism in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, Phytotaxa 651 (1), pp. 1-79 : 36

21. Eugenia guanabarina (Mattos & D. Legrand 1975:67) Giaretta & M.C.Souza (2018: 284) ( Fig. 13B .)

Shrubs or tree 2.5–10 m tall. Twigs puberulent when young, glabrescent; trichomes brownish. Young leaves glabrous. Leaves with petioles 5–9 mm long, canaliculate adaxially, glabrate or glabrous; blades 55–110 × 25–45 mm, elliptic or narrow-elliptic, discolorous when dry, lighter abaxially, not glaucous and glabrous on both surfaces; bases obtuse or acute; apices acuminate or sometimes falcate; midvein slightly sulcate or sulcate adaxially and raised abaxially, glabrous on both surfaces; secondary veins 12–15 at each side, slightly raised adaxially and raised abaxially, the first pair confluent with the marginal innermost vein; marginal veins two, the innermost 1–2.5 mm from the revolute and without thickening margin; oil glands inconspicuous on both surfaces. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, thyrsoid, sessile or with peduncle up to 1.5 mm long, rachis up to 45 mm long, puberulent; bracts ca. 0.5 mm long, ovate, ciliate, deciduous at anthesis; 9–27 flowers; middle flower sessile and others with pedicels 0.5–1.5 mm long, puberulent; bracteoles 0.5–1 mm long, free, ovate, apices acute, ciliate, not reflexed, persistent in the fruit; trichomes brownish. Flower buds 1.5–3 mm in diameter. Flowers with smooth, pubescent hypanthia; calyx lobes fused and opening in a calyptra, glabrate; petals 4, obovate, oil glands evident; staminal ring puberulent; stamens with filaments 1–3 mm, anthers oblong to globose; style 3–4.2 mm, glabrous, stigma punctiform; ovary 2–locular, ovules 3–5 per locule, locule internally glabrous. Fruits 8–13 × 8–12 mm, globose, smooth, puberulent, dark purple when ripe; seeds 1–2 per fruit, ca. 6 × 7 mm, globose or ellipsoid, testa smooth.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Linhares, Reserva Natural Vale – Aceiro Catelã, próximo ao aceiro João Pedro , 22 October 2991, fr., D.A. Folli 1459 (CVRD!) ; ibid., Aceiro João Pedro , 30 October 2012, fr., M.C. Souza 1127 (RBR!) ; ibid., Estrada Jacarandá , 15 October 2002, fl. and fr., K. Matsumoto & A. P. S. Gonçalves 819 (CVRD!, UEC!) ; ibid., km 2,925, 10 August 1978, fl., I.A. Silva 16 (CVRD!, RB!, RBR!) ; ibid., Estrada Jataipeba , km 0,185, lado direito, 7 July 1983, fl., D.A. Folli 449 (CVRD!, RB!) ; ibid., Estrada Jueirana Vermelha , 26 August 2009, fl., T.B. Flores & D.A. Folli 207 (CVRD!, ESA!, HPL!) ; ibid., 27 August 2007, fl., D.A. Folli 6395 (CVRD!, HUFSJ!, UB!) ; ibid., 27 September 2018, fl. And fr., G.S. Siqueira 1290 (CVRD!, HUFSJ!, UB!) ; ibid., Estrada Municipal , 8 August 1992, fl., G.L. Webster 29677 (MBM!) ; ibid., próx. Ao Nativo, João Pedro , 19 August 1988, fl., D.A. Folli 780 (CVRD!, RB!) ; ibid., Estrada Orelha de Onça , 08 August 2006, fl., M.C. Souza 351 (UB!) ; ibid., Estrada Parajú , campo nativo 700 m antes do final do aceiro, 29 August 1991, fl., D.A. Folli 1399 (CVRD!, RB!, UEC!) ; ibid., Final da Estrada Bomba d’água, 27 August 1991, fl., D.A. Folli 1394 (CVRD!, RB!) .

Distribution and habitat: — Eugenia guanabarina is known from collections from the state of Bahia to Rio de Janeiro in the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil. In the RNV, the species is found in the Muçununga vegetation.

Phenology: —Flowering in August ( Fig. 4 ).

Taxonomic comments: —The species is assigned to Eugenia sect. Schizocalomyrtus . Eugenia guanabarina is easily distinguished from all other species of the genus in RNV by its flower buds with calyx lobes completely fused tearing in a calyptra at anthesis. Other interesting feature of this species is the thyrsoid inflorescence, an unusual character among the genus species in RNV also found in E. beaurepairiana , however the latter has four free calyx lobes in the bud and fruits yellow when ripe (vs. fruits dark purple when ripe in E. guanabarina ).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Phenological diagram of Eugenia species from Reserva Natural Vale, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Flowering periods are represented by dark red border triangles, fruiting in grey filled triangles, and “n” is the number of observations.

FIGURE 13. A. Flowering branch of Eugenia florida (K.S. Valdemarin s.n.), B. Flowering branch of Eugenia guanabarina (A. Giaretta s.n.), C. Flowering branch of Eugenia hispidiflora (K.S. Valdemarin 747), D. Fruiting branch of Eugenia infuscata (K.S. Valdemarin 1226).