Juncus bufonius, L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1980, Flora Europaea. Volume 5. Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press : 107

26. J. bufonius L. , Sp. Pl. 328 (1753) .

Plant usually with many stems. Stems 5-50 cm, usually weak, erect, ascending or sometimes slightly recurved, with 1-5 leaves below the inflorescence, the lower bracts leaf-like. Leaves 1 -12 cm x 0-5-2 mm, flat, often with slightly convolute margins. Inflorescence usually lax, rarely with some flowers in clusters. Perianth-segments (4-5-) 6-8 mm, narrowly ovate; outer usually herbaceous, with a narrow scarious margin; inner acute to apiculate, often mostly scarious. Stamens 6, P I as long as perianth; anthers 0-5-1 mm or rarely longer, j as long to as long as the filaments. Capsule (3—)3-5—5 mm, shorter than perianth, ovoid to almost ellipsoid, acute to obtuse, very variable in colour; style usually persisting as a short beak. Seeds 0-4-0-55 mm, ellipsoid, usually apiculate at base and apex, smooth or finely striate. Flowers often cleistogamous. 2n = 100-110. Wet, usually open habitats. Throughout Europe. All except Sb.