Elymus pycnanthus, (Godron) Melderis

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1980, Flora Europaea. Volume 5. Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press : 196

17. E. pycnanthus (Godron) Melderis , op. cit. 378 (1978)

(Triti- cumpycnanthum Godron, Agropyron /zYora/<?Dumort.,nom. illeg., A. pycnanthum (Godron) Godron & Gren. , A.pungens auct., non (Pers.) Roemer & Schultes).

Stems 10-120 cm, rigid. Leaves up to 35 cm X2-6 mm, flat or convolute, glaucous-green, rigid, with prominent, crowded, flattened, scabrid veins on the upper surface, glabrous beneath, pungent; lower sheaths cibate. Spikes 4-20 cm. Spikelets 10-20 mm, with 3-10 florets; rhachilla strigulose. Glumes 8-10 mm, lanceolate-oblong, coriaceous, prominently 4- to 7-veined, asymmetrically keeled, scabridulous on the keel, acute. Lemma 7-11 mm, keeled above, subobtuse, unawned, mucronate or with an awn up to 10 mm. Palea spinose-ciliate on keels. Anthers 5-7 mm. 2/z = 42. Maritime sands and shingle. • Coasts of W. & S. Europe. Al Au Az Be BI Br Bu Co Da Ga Ge Gr Hb He Ho It Ju Lu?Rm.

E. pycnanthus x repens ( Agropyron x oliveri Druce, A. campestre auct., non Godron & Gren.) is like E. repens but always has a dense spike, the veins on the upper surface of leaves are more prominent and flattened, with short spinules or sparse long hairs, the margins of the leaf-sheaths are usually glabrous, sometimes shortly cibate, the glumes asymmetrically keeled, acute, and the lemma acute or obtuse with an excurrent mid-vein. It occurs commonly on the west coast of Europe and as an occasional casual in the Baltic region and C. Russia.