Iphione ovata Kinberg, 1856

Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Piotrowski, Christina N. & Paulay, Gustav, 2024, Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae), Zootaxa 5548 (1), pp. 1-84 : 25-26

Iphione ovata Kinberg, 1856

Figs 2 , 36

Iphione ovata Kinberg, 1856: 383 ; Kinberg 1858: 8, Pl. 3, Fig. 8 ; Pl. 10, Fig. 45; Baird 1865: 181; de Quatrefages 1866: 269–270; Chamberlin 1919: 64; Pettibone 1986: 16–19, Fig. 6 (partim, holotype); Piotrowski et al. 2024: 4–19 , Figs 1–9 (redescr., syn.).

Diagnosis. Iphione with median antenna reduced to nuchal papilla; elytra with smooth margins; macrotubercles spine-like, in 2–5 rows, slightly larger in first than subsequent rows; cirrigerous segments with dorsal cirrophores with basal tubercle projected; neurochaetae unidentate.

Remarks. Iphione ovata Kinberg, 1856 has been recently redescribed ( Piotrowski et al. 2024). I. ovata resembles I. hirotai Izuka, 1913 from Japan. No specimens of the latter species were studied, but its original description indicates that it differs from I. ovata in that its nuchal lappet is wide, round, macrotubercles, 2–5 times longer than wide, arranged in 3–5 rows, whereas in I. hirotai the nuchal lappet is thin, round, and macrotubercles up to twice longer than wide.

Distribution. Red Sea to South Africa and across entire Indo-West Pacific to the Eastern Pacific, on reefs and in shallow rocky or mixed bottoms.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Iphione readi sp. nov. (incl. I. muricata sensu Savigny (1822)), non-type specimens, left elytra 7 of non-type specimens (NHM 1941.4.4.168–172), arranged vertically. A. 9 mm long specimen. B. 16 mm long specimen. C. 23 mm long specimen. D. Iphione muricata (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) non-type small specimen (11.5 mm long, MAGNT W2894), elytron 6 (E, F indicate areas enlarged in E and F, and asterisk indicates the enlarged area in G). E. Close-up of macrotubercle (Mt) and fimbriae. F. Same. G. Close-up of microtubercles along posterior margin. Scale bars: A, 0.4 mm; B, D, 0.5 mm; C, 0.8 mm; E, F, 100 µm; G, 70 µm.

FIGURE 2. Iphione ovata Kinberg, 1856, non-type specimens (2 ECOSUR 0000, Sta. 30, 13 mm long). A) Ventral view. B. Ventral body wall and most muscle bundles removed, oval masses are ovaries. C. Pharynx and gut ventral wall removed (*: enteric caeca). D. Pharynx, upper jaws separated medially. E. Pharynx, lower jaws separated medially (Pa: papilla, Ph: pharynx, St: stomach). Scale bars: A, 1.38 mm; B, 1.43 mm; C, 1.48 mm; D, 0.32 mm; E, 0.27 mm.

FIGURE 3. Pharynx features. A. Iphione henshawi Pettibone, 1986, non-type specimen (BPBM R481), anterior end, pharynx exposed, dorsal view. B. Same, ventral view. C. Same, frontal view of pharynx (numbers indicate papillae). D. Same, left lateral view. E. Iphione muricata (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818), restricted, non-type specimens (UF 411), smaller specimen (9 mm wide), pharynx, frontal view (numbers indicate upper papillae). F. Another, larger specimen (16 mm wide), pharynx, frontal view (numbers indicate upper papillae). Scale bars: A, B, 1.3 mm; C, 0.9 mm; D, 0.7 mm; E, 0.3 mm; F, 0.6 mm.

FIGURE 4. Iphione muricata (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818), restricted. A. Syntype MNHN 334, dorsal view. B. Same, anterior elytron (inset: fimbriae from another elytron). C. Same, median elytron. D. Chaetiger 14, left parapodium, posterior view after removal of notochaetae. E. Same, median neurochaetal tips. F. Syntype MNHN 335, two detached elytra before cleaning. G. Same, median elytron. H. Same, posterior elytron. I. Fimbriae of posterior elytron. J. Chaetiger 12, left parapodium, posterior view, after removal of notochaetae. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, 0.7 mm; C, 1 mm; D, 0.4 mm; E, 30 µm; F, 1.3 mm; G, 1.2 mm; H, 1.6 mm; I, 30 µm; J, 0.6 mm.

FIGURE 5. Iphione muricata (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818), restricted, non-type specimen (CAS 227559). A. Dorsal view, depressed by glass slide. B. Left elytron 7, dorsal view (C–E: sections enlarged in following pictures). C. Close-up of fimbriae. D. Close-up of smaller, marginal spines. E. Close-up of larger, inner spines. F. Chaetiger 12, left parapodium, posterior view, notochaetae partially trimmed off (after Methyl green staining). G. Same, basal neurochaetal tips. Scale bars: A, 2.5 mm; B, 1.5 mm; F, 0.9 mm; G, 0.3 mm.

FIGURE 6. Iphione muricata (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818), restricted, non-type specimen (UF 9454), juvenile. A. Dorsal view, after Methyl green staining. B. Right elytron 6, dorsal view (insets: enlarged areas indicated by numbers). C. Chaetiger 12, left parapodium, posterior view after removal of notochaetae. Scale bars: A, 0.8 mm; B, 0.4 mm; C, 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 7. Iphione fimbriata de Quatrefages, 1866, reinstated, holotype (MNHN POLY TYPE 325). A.Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Left elytron 7, after brushing off sediment, dorsal view (inset: close up of dirty to clean fimbriae). C. Chaetiger 16, left parapodium, posterior view. D. Chaetiger 12, left parapodium, after removal of notochaetae and Methyl green stain. E. Same, upper notochaetae. F. Same, lower neurochaetae. Scale bars: A, 1.7 mm; B, 1 mm; C, 0.6 mm; D, 0.5 mm; E, 170 µm; F, 200 µm.

FIGURE 8. Iphione fimbriata de Quatrefages, 1866, reinstated, paratype of I. fustis Hoagland, 1920 (USNM 18969).A.Anterior end, dorsal view, after Methyl green staining. B. Anterior elytra, above: right elytron from chaetiger 2; below: left elytron from chaetiger 4. C. Left elytron from median chaetiger, dorsal view (insets: fimbriae, and smaller marginal spines). D. Chaetiger 14, left parapodium, posterior view after Methyl green staining. E. Same, upper and medial neurochaetae. F. Same, medial and lower neurochaetae. Scale bars: A, 1.1 mm, B, 1 mm; C, 2 mm; D, 0.6 mm; E, 100 μm; F, 80 μm.

FIGURE 9. Iphione fimbriata de Quatrefages, 1866, reinstated, paratype of I. fustis Hoagland, 1920 paratype (USNM 18968), elytra previously removed, seen from above.A. Second right elytron. B. Third right elytron. C. Fourth right elytron. D. Fifth left elytron. E. Sixt left elytron. F. Non-type specimen (USNM 81972), anterior end, dorsal view. G. Another specimen from same lot, pharynx previously dissected, seen from inside, depressed by glass slide. Scale bars: A, 0.7 mm; B, G, 0.8 mm; C, 1.1 mm; D, E, 0.6 mm, F, 1.3 mm.

FIGURE 36. Maximum Likelihood phylogeny of Iphione species with localities and catalog numbers. Numbers above branches are bootstrap support (>70 only) (PNG: Papua New Guinea) (modified after Piotrowski et al. 2024).