Geoplana, Schultze & Muller, 1857

Ana Laura Almeida, Fernando P. L. Marques & Fernando Carbayo, 2019, ‘ Endless forms most beautiful’: taxonomic revision of the planarian Geoplana vaginuloides (Darwin, 1844) and discovery of numerous congeners (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 185, pp. 1-65 : 63

IDENTIFICATION KEY TO SPECIES OF GEOPLANA

1. Dorsal median black band............................................................................................ Geoplana vaginuloides Dorsal median band with another colour........................................................................................................2

2. Dorsal median grey band ................................................................................................... Geoplana pulchella Dorsal median yellow-orange or reddish band................................................................................................3

3. Dorsal median band bounded on either side by a thin whitish stripe.................................... Geoplana mogi Dorsal median band bounded on either side by a black stripe. .....................................................................4

4. Additional pair of fine paramedian greenish-yellow stripes. ................................................. Geoplana apua Additional pair of fine paramedian whitish stripes........................................................................................5

5. Dorsum sprinkled with whitish specks ...........................................................................................................6 Dorsum not sprinkled with whitish specks.....................................................................................................8

6. White mottling only on the lateral-most stripes.............................................................................................7 Entire dorsum sprinkled with conspicuous whitish specks ...........................................................................9

7. Outermost zone fades from black to grey towards its external margin.......................................................10 Outermost zone divided into an internal black line and a grey band .........................................................11

8. Outermost zone white, also continuous with white body margins .................................. Geoplana iporanga Outermost zone black, bounded by white body margins ..............................................................................12

9. Diameter of muscular cylinder around ejaculatory duct equivalent to 1.5 times the diameter of this duct .............................................................................................................................................. Geoplana boraceia Diameter of muscular cylinder around ejaculatory duct equivalent to ten times the diameter of this duct .................................................................................................................................................... Geoplana chita

10. Penis papilla cylindrical and blunt, with stroma with necks of glands characteristically gathered in bundles that resemble an orange in cross-section .................................................................. Geoplana cananeia Penis papilla pointed ................................................................................................ Geoplana caraguatatuba

11. Longitudinal parenchymal muscle fibres disposed around intestine as a loose muscular cylinder ............................................................................................................................................. Geoplana cambara Supraintestinal and subintestinal parenchymal muscle layers constituted of mixed transverse and longitudinal fibres............................................................................................................. Geoplana paranapiacaba

12. Penis papilla with dorsal insertion strongly displaced anteriorly and very ventrally ....... Geoplana ibiuna Dorsal and ventral insertions of penis papilla at the same transverse plane ............ Geoplana piratininga