Argentinomyia, Lynch-Arribalzaga, 1891

Montoya, Augusto L. & Wolff, Marta, 2023, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Argentinomyia Lynch-Arribálzaga, 1891 (Diptera: Syrphidae), with description of 16 new species, Zootaxa 5234 (1), pp. 1-157 : 19-23

Identification key to the species of Argentinomyia

The last key of Fluke (1945) included only 19 valid species. A new key to the known species of Argentinomyia is provided based on characters published by Fluke (1945, 1957) and Thompson (1999a; 2006), including some modifications and couplet´s order to distinguish them from the sixteen new species. Argentinomyia scitula is not included in the key due to its doubtful validity, since the only known specimen is a teneral, headless, with no additional males found in good condition for dissection and deep examination.

1. Basoflagellomere large, slightly oval and apically rounded (SNLSA Figs 1C, F ); face with a well-rounded tubercle, never with transversal grooves dorsally along tubercle or broadly punctuate (SNLSA Figs 1A, D ); scutellum with a deep groove next to the rim (emarginate) (SNLSA Figs 5F , 1B, 1E , 12D ); metacoxa with pile posteromedial on the apical angle (SNLSA Fig. 12C ); abdomen elongated, with large markings on terga, sometimes with a transverse fascia on 3 rd or with a pair of small maculae in the basal corners of the 5 th tergum (SNLSA Figs 1B, E ).............................................................................................. larger species of Argentinomyia (in Montoya & Wolff 2020, not treated here)

- Basoflagellomere oval or slightly elongated (MCAD Fig. 22 ); face usually with transversal grooves dorsally along tubercle (MCAD Fig. 23 ) and shine (bare) punctuate maculae laterally; scutellum without a deep groove next to the rim; metacoxa without a pile tuft at the posteromedial apical angle; abdomen slightly spatulate, oval or with parallel sides, with triangular to quadrate or oval markings.............................................................................. 2

2. Antenna elongated, scape about as long as or longer than pedicel and basoflagellomere combined, scape always twice as long as pedicel ( Figs 1A–B , 4J, K, L , 6B, C , 26A , 55A, D , 81A, D )................................................. 3

- Antenna short, scape shorter than pedicel and basoflagellomere combined ( Figs 2A , 4D, F, G, I )....................... 7

3. Face with seven or eight shallows, transverse grooves above tubercle; sides of the face with a thin white line of pollen; pedicel and basoflagellomere about equal in length; wings with two short, narrow, transverse brown bands near the middle of the anterior half ( Fig. 8A ); metafemur and protibia black ( Figs 7A , 26A–F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 27A ) with dorsal and ventral margins approximately of the same width in the whole length; hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 27C ) narrowed laterally towards the apex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 27C ) circular, apex rounded [ Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua and Perú].................. Argentinomyia crenulata ( Williston, 1891)

- Face at most with one transversal groove above tubercle, never with seven or eight; facial pollinose pattern variable; basoflagellomere twice as long as pedicel; wings with at most only a faint brownish clouding on anterior cross-vein, never with medial brown fascia; metafemur yellow basally............................................................. 4

4. Sides of the face evenly white pubescent, not punctuate; female frontal triangle wide, male dichoptic; metatibia yellow [Southeastern South America species].................................................................... 5

- Sides of face punctuate; female frontal triangle narrow, male eyes holoptic; metatibia brown......................... 6

5. Face with a low tubercle and with no prominent depressions; frontal prominence greatly produced; abdomen metallic, without orange maculae ( Figs 1A–B , 81A–F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 82A ) with dorsal and ventral margins approximately of the same width in the whole length; apex of hypandrium (superior lobes) short, as long as wide ( Figs 82A and C ) [ Argentina , Brazil and Perú]................................. Argentinomyia testaceipes Lynch-Arribálzaga, 1891

- Face with four distinct transverse grooves above tubercle; frontal prominence not greatly produced ( Figs 4J, K ); abdomen with orange maculae ( Figs 9B , 10A , 55A–F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 56A ) with dorsal margin slightly concave and ventral margin slightly convex; apex of hypandrium (superior lobes) elongated, about 3× as long as wide ( Figs 56A and C ) [ Brazil]........................................................... Argentinomyia norrbomi Montoya sp. nov.

6. Male without maculae on 4 th tegum ( Figs 44B , 46E ); male frontal triangle broad; mesotarsus with three apical tarsomeres black ( Fig. 6B ); scutum greyish pollinose and pilose; female frontal triangle with two rounded maculae of brown pollen ( Figs 2B–C , 4B, L , 44D and 46A–B ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 45A ) with dorsal and ventral margins approximately of the same width in the whole length; hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 45C ) narrowed laterally towards the apex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 45C ) with acute apex [ Argentina , Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panam, Paraguay, Per and Trinidad and Tobago].................................. Argentinomyia longicornis (Walker, 1836)

- Male with large basolateral orange maculae on 4 th tergum; frontal triangle small; mesotarsus orange; scutum golden pollinose and pilose (female unknown) [ Costa Rica and Nicaragua].................................... Argentinomyia CR-19

7. Face usually vertical or perpendicular, never produced downward, generally with distinct transverse grooves above tubercle or very weak ones ( Fig. 4B–G, I ); female front with a pollinose pattern varying from a complete transversal black fascia ( Figs 4C, F and G ), two brownish-black rounded maculae ( Fig. 4B ) or with a medial white pollinose vitta ( Fig. 4D ); scutellum pile usually as short or shorter than marginal pile ( Fig. 6H–I ); 2 nd tergum with a pair of yellow maculae varying from widening ( Fig. 8C ) to narrow elongate ( Fig. 9B–C, E–G , 47B, E , 86B, E ) or black metallic, both restricted to the lateral margin of the segment ( Fig. 9D ) or non...................................................................................... 8

- Face may be protruding but very little produced downward, never with transverse grooves above tubercle ( Fig. 4H ); female front without a pollinose pattern ( Fig. 4H ), never with a complete transversal black fascia or two brownish-black rounded maculae; scutellar pile generally as long or longer than marginal bristles ( Fig. 6K ); 2 nd tergum with a pair of maculae varying from narrow elongate yellow maculae ( Fig. 6A ) to black metallic maculae ( Figs 37B, E , 59B, E ), both restricted to the lateral margin of the segment [Tropical Andes highland species]..................................................... 44

8. 1 st metatarsomeres black or dark brown, contrasting with the yellow color of the rest other tarsal segments ( Fig. 6C )...... 9

- 1 st metatarsomeres yellow or orange, usually not contrasting with the yellow color of the rest other tarsal segments....... 11

9. 2 nd tergum with a prominent transversal fascia ( Figs 83A–D ) (male unknown) [ Colombia and Bolivia]................................................................................ Argentinomyia transversalis Montoya sp. nov.

- 2 nd tergum with a different maculate pattern ( Figs 9E , 16B, C, E, F , 35B, C )..................................... 10

10. 3 to 4 rd th terga almost entirely yellow, with a pair of wider yellow maculae from the base to the apical margin of the segment ( Figs 9E , 16B, C, E, F ); male genitalia: hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 17C ) narrowed laterally towards the apex [ Colombia]... Argentinomyia belmira Montoya & Wolff sp. nov.

- 3 to 4 rd th terga with a pair of rectangular yellow maculae extending from the base to the apical 2/3 of the segment length, apically rounded and reaching the lateral margin ( Figs 35B, C ); male genitalia: hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 36C ) expanded laterally towards the apex (Female unknown) [ Colombia]....................... Argentinomyia ivani Montoya sp. nov.

11. Facial pubescence punctuate ( Figs 30A, D ); abdomen with oblique maculae, male with a pair on 3 rd tergum, female with a pair on 2 nd and 3 rd terga ( Figs 30B, E ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 31A ) with dorsal margin slightly concave and ventral margin slightly convex; hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 31C ) expanded laterally towards the apex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 31C ) circular, apex rounded [ Argentina , Brazil, Colombia, Per and Venezuela]............................................................................................ Argentinomyia fastigata ( Fluke, 1945) [Note: The coloration of pro- and mesofemora can vary from black or at least mostly dark brown to extensively yellow, see remark discussion under the species redescription]

- Facial pubescence not punctuate, other character combination variable.......................................... 12

12. Facial tubercle, scutellum and pleuron partially yellow in ground color (middle region of anepimeron, dorsal surface of katepisternum, katatergum, anatergum and postalar callus) yellow-golden pilose and pollinose in these areas; wing bare basally.............................................................................................. .................................................................................................. 13

- Facial tubercle, scutellum and pleuron black; other characters variables......................................... 15

13. Facial tubercle yellow; calypter wholly brown; all coxae yellow; abdomen with a pair of long, apically rounded oblique maculae on 2 nd to 4 th terga ( Thompson 1999a: 375, Figs 13–15 ) (Male unknown) [ Mexico]................................................................................................. Argentinomyia octomaculata ( Enderlein, 1938)

- Facial tubercle brown; calypter wholly, yellowish; all coxae brown; abdomen with a pair of long, apically rounded rectangular to triangular maculae on 2 nd to 4 th terga................................................................... 14

14. Face white pilose and pollinose [ Costa Rica].............................................. Argentinomyia CR-21

- Face golden pilose and pollinose ( Figs 34A–C ) (male unknown) [ Colombia and Ecuador]...................................................................................... Argentinomyia humboldti Montoya & Wolff sp. nov.

15. Face with four or more distinct and deep transverse grooves above tubercle ( Figs 2A , 4C, I ) [Central America]......... 16

- Face without defined transverse grooves or with only two or three very weak ones or even none ( Figs 2B , 4C, B, D–G, I–L ). ................................................................................................. 19

16. 2 nd tergum rectangular, distinctly longer than broad; 3 rd to 4 th terga with basal transverse fasciae [ Costa Rica]............................................................................................... Argentinomyia CR-11

- 2 nd tergum square-like, broader than long; 3 rd to 4 th terga without maculae....................................... 17

17. Face with at least five transverse grooves ( Figs 2A , 4C , 69A, C, D, F ); wing hyaline ( Fig. 69 ); abdomen with metallic maculae ( Figs 8D , 69A–F , 65 D-E); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 70A ) triangular-like [ Costa Rica and Mexico]...................................................................... Argentinomyia rugosonasa ( Williston, 1891)

- Face with no more than four and usually with two shallow grooves or less; wing lightly brown pigmented anteriorly; abdomen with a pair of large quadrate yellow maculae on 2 nd tergum................................................... 18

18. Protibia black ( Figs 6H , 8C ) [ Mexico].................................................... Argentinomyia CR-18

- Protibia yellow on basal 1/3 ( Figs 6I , 71A–F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 72A ) with dorsal margin slightly concave and ventral margin slightly convex [ Guatemala, Mexico]................ Argentinomyia sagoti Montoya sp. nov.

19. Pro- and mesofemora orange-yellow..................................................................... 20

- Pro- and mesofemora black or at least mostly dark brown.................................................... 33

20. Facial pubescence golden and very thick, frontal triangle yellow pilose ( Figs 32A, D ); abdomen with three pairs of yellow vittae on 2 nd to 4 th terga of male and four pairs on 2 nd to 5 th terga of female; metafemur black, except only yellow on basal 1/4 ( Figs 32B, E ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 33A ) with dorsal and ventral margins approximately of the same width in the whole length, elongated, at least two times longer than broad; hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 33C ) narrowed laterally towards the apex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 33C ) with acute apex [ Argentina , Colombia, Ecuador and Perú]............................................................................. Argentinomyia festiva ( Fluke, 1945)

- Facial pile thinner and more whitish, frontal triangle black pilose; abdomen with a different maculate pattern, other character combinations variable................................................................................ 21

21. Metafemur swollen, with ventral spines ( Figs 7D , 76A–E ) (male unknown) [ Colombia]............................................................................................ Argentinomyia spinifemorata Montoya sp. nov.

- Metafemur thin, normal shape, never with ventral spines..................................................... 22

22. Pattern of 3 rd tergum consisting of oblique maculae ( Figs 9G )................................................. 23

- Pattern of 3 rd tergum different, triangular ( Figs 28B, E , 49B, E ), quadrate or rectangular ( Figs 63B, E , 65B, E ).......... 26 [Note: A. currani can be keyed out from both statements if couplet 22 is not properly evaluated; in A. currani the macular pattern is triangular, referred to as the inner margin of the maculae forming an acute angle (45°) with the basal margin of 3 rd tergum as can be seen in the Figs 28B, E ].

23. Costal cell bare on basal 3/4 or more.................................................................... 24

- Costal cell entirely microtrichose........................................................................ 25

24. Protarsus black ( Figs 24A–F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 25A ) with dorsal and ventral margins approximately of the same width in the whole length; hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 25C ) narrowed laterally towards the apex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 25C ) with acute apex [ Costa Rica, Guatemala, El Salvador, Mexico and Panamá]................................................................................ Argentinomyia catabomba ( Williston, 1891)

- Protarsus yellow..................................................................... Argentinomyia CR-14

25. Mesonotum punctate markings, shining bronze to aeneous, with brownish vittae on anterior half ( Fig. 40C, E ); female frontal triangle with two rounded maculae ( Fig. 40D ); 3 rd to 4 th terga with a pair of oblique yellow maculae ( Figs 40B, E ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 45A ) with dorsal and ventral margins approximately of the same width in the whole length; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 41C ) with apex acute [ Argentina , Brazil and Ecuador] Argentinomyia lanei ( Fluke, 1936)

- Mesonotum without punctuate markings ( Figs 18C, E ); frontal triangle with transversal black macula ( Fig. 18D ); the 3 rd tergum with a pair of elongate, slightly oblique yellow maculae, reaching the lateral margin and slightly touching each other towards the middle ( Figs 18A–G ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 19A ) with dorsal margin slightly concave and ventral margin slightly convex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 19C ) circular, apex rounded [ Brazil and Venezuela]................................................................................. Argentinomyia berthae ( Lima, 1946)

26. Metafemur yellow with a black ring or smudge on apical margin ( Figs 7E , 28 B, C , 49B, C, F , 63B, C , 65C, F ); female frontal triangle with two rounded brown pollinose maculae ( Fig. 28D , 49D ); 3 rd to 4 th terga with triangular maculae, the inner margin of the maculae forms an acute angle (45°) with the basal margin of the tergum ( Figs 28B, E , 49B, E )................. 27

- Metafemur yellow without a black ring or smudge on apical margin ( Figs 14C, F , 77C, F ); female frontal triangle with a different pollinose pattern; 3 rd to 4 th terga with quadrate or rectangular maculae, the inner margin of the maculae forms a right angle (90°) with the basal margin of the tergum ( Figs 63B, E , 65B, E ).......................................... 28

27. Metatibia mostly yellow ( Figs 49C, F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 50A ) with dorsal margin slightly concave and ventral margin slightly convex, shorter than broad; hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 50C ) expanded laterally towards the apex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 50C ) with apex acute [ Argentina and Brazil].................................................................................................... Argentinomyia maculata ( Walker, 1852)

- Metatibia yellow on basal 1/4 ( Figs 9I , 28C, F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 29A ) with dorsal and ventral margins approximately of the same width in the whole length; hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 29C ) expanded laterally towards the apex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 29C ) circular, apex rounded [ Brazil and Perú].......................................................................................... Argentinomyia currani ( Fluke, 1937)

28. Maculae on 3 rd tergum longer than wide, extending from the base to apical 3/4 or more ( Figs 28B, E , 49B, E )........... 29

- Maculae on 3 rd tergum as long as wide, extending only from the base to apical 1/2 or less ( Figs 63B, E , 65B, E )......... 30

29. Face more perpendicular and less produced ventrally, the sides thickly coated with cinereous yellow pollen ( Figs 86A, D ); metafemur reddish or yellowish on basal half, metatibia yellow on basal and apical 1/4 ( Figs 86A C, F ); maculae on female abdomen rectangular and apically rounded ( Figs 86B–C, E–F ); male genitalia: Aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 87C ) with apex rounded [ Argentina , Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela]............... Argentinomyia tropica ( Curran, 1937)

- Face slightly produced ventral, more prominent, facial pollen smooth and yellowish ( Figs 47A, D ); metafemur black, only very narrowly yellow basally ( Figs 47C, F ); maculae on female abdomen triangular ( Figs 4B–C, E–F , 48D–H ); male genitalia: aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 48C ) with apex acute [ Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela].............................................................................................. Argentinomyia luculenta ( Fluke, 1945) [Note: Some morphotypes of A. tropica and A. luculenta may key through either option. X. Mengual (personal communication) suggests both species could form a species complex, with two additional morphospecies not exanimated that could be new to science, however, a deep examination of male genitalia is needed to confirm them]

30. Metatibia mostly brownish apically ( Figs 65C, F , 77C, F ).................................................... 31

- Metatibia yellow.................................................................................... 32

31. Female frontal triangle with a medial white pollinose vitta ( Figs 65D ); metafemur obscured on apical 1/3 or little more; 3 rd and 4 th terga with maculae extending to the apical 1/2; 5 th tergum without a pair of small lateral rounded maculae; male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 64A ) narrowed laterally towards the apex [ Cuba, Dominican Republic and Jamaica].............................................................................. Argentinomyia praeusta ( Loew, 1866)

- Frontal triangle with transversal golden-brownish pollinose band touching slightly the sides of the eyes ( Figs 77D ); metafemur yellow basally and slightly obscured on apical 1/5 dorsally; 3 rd and 4 th terga with maculae extending to the apical 2/3; 5 th tergum with a pair of small lateral rounded maculae ( Figs 77A–F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 78A ) very elongated and widened dorsally, with a small extension at the ventral margin [ Dominican Republic]..................................................................................... Argentinomyia taina Thompson & Montoya sp. nov.

32. Face whitish pollinose and pilose ( Figs 63A, D ); female frontal triangle with a complete transverse black fascia ( Figs 63D , 64D ); metafemur yellow except the apical 1/5 narrowly brown ( Figs 63C, F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 64A ) with dorsal margin slightly concave and ventral margin slightly convex [ Argentina , Brazil and Venezuela]...................................................................................... Argentinomyia pollinosa ( Hull, 1942)

- Face extensively covered by golden pollinose and pilose ( Figs 14A, D ); female frontal triangle with a transversal goldenbrownish pollinose band ( Figs 14D, E ); metafemur obscured on basal 2/6 and apical 1/6 or little more ( Figs 14C, F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 15A ) with dorsal and ventral margins approximately of the same width in the whole length [ Dominican Republic]............................... Argentinomyia aurifacies Thompson & Montoya sp. nov.

33. 2 nd tergum entirely black ( Figs 74B, E , 79B, E , 84B, E )...................................................... 34

- 2 nd tergum with some lateral yellow maculae ( Figs 10B, E , 61B, E , 90B, E , 91B, E , 88B, E )......................... 37

34. Abdominal maculae metallic blue; wing extensible hyaline; legs dark brown, only slightly white-yellowish on apical 1/6 ( Figs 39A–C ) (male unknown) [ Jamaica].................................. Argentinomyia jamaicensis Montoya sp. nov. [Note: Female frontal triangle of A. jamaicensis Montoya sp. nov. has a medial white pollinose vitta (see Fig. 39A ), also found in female of A. praeusta ]

- Abdominal maculae yellow to orange; wing brownish apically; legs coloration variable............................. 35

35. Wing slightly darkened in the anterior margin from the costal cell to the stigma, cells r1 and r4+5, with some small hyaline areas ( Figs 84B, C, E, F ); metafemur and protibia black ( Figs 84A, C, D, F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 85A ) with dorsal margin slightly concave and ventral margin slightly convex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 85C ) circular, apex rounded [ Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Perú]........................ Argentinomyia tropandeana Montoya sp. nov.

- Wing hyaline; other characters variable.................................................................. 36

36. Antennae brownish, orange ventrally ( Fig. 79A ); frontal triangle golden pollinose ( Fig. 79A ); metanotum golden pile; terga 3 rd and 4 th with a pair of basolateral rectangular maculae extending 1/3 of tergum length ( Fig. 79B–C ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 80A ) shorter than the epandrium, with dorsal margin slightly concave and ventral margin slightly convex; dorsal area of the apex of hypandrium (superior lobes) in lateral view, no extending dorsally backward, without a small sclerotized inner spur; the base of the aedeagus no globose [ Colombia]........... Argentinomyia teresae Montoya sp. nov.

- Antennae black ( Fig. 74A ); frontal triangle dark pollinose ( Fig. 74A ); metanotum with mixed black and gold pile; terga 3 rd and 4 th with a pair of orange macula extending 1/6 of tergum length and restricted to basolateral margins ( Figs 74A–C ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 75A ) larger than the epandrium, with dorsal margin slightly concave, the apico-dorsal edge rounded; dorsal area of the apex of hypandrium (superior lobes) in lateral view, extending dorsally backward, with a small sclerotized inner spur; the base of the aedeagus globose [ Colombia]........... Argentinomyia serendipia Montoya sp. nov.

37. Antenna entirely black ( Figs 37 , 57 , 59 , 67 )............................................................... 38

- Antenna partially pale ventrally, at least orange-yellow ventrally on basoflagellomere ( Figs 42 , 51 , 53 )................ 42

38. 2 nd tergum almost entirely yellow, but with a thin median black stripe and narrow posterior black margin; the 3 rd and 4 th terga yellow with a median black stripe and narrow posterior black margin; the 5 th tergum yellow with only a small posteromedian black triangle ( Figs 10A–F , 6D ), female abdominal maculae comparatively wider than in the male; male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 11A ) with dorsal and ventral margins approximately of the same width in the whole length, elongated, three to four times longer than broad; hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 11C ) narrowed laterally towards the apex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 11C ) circular, apex rounded ( Ecuador: Galápagos Islands)......... Argentinomyia agonis ( Walker, 1849)

- 3 rd and 4 th terga with basal rectangular macula extending at least 2/3 of segment length............................. 39

39. Metafemur entirely black, pro- and mesotibiae black, only yellow on basal 1/4, metatibia yellow on basal 1/2, tarsi black ( Figs 61A, C ); 2 nd tergum with a pair of basolateral elongate yellow maculae reaching the apical 3/4 of the segment length; 3 rd tergum with a pair of basal elongated maculae reaching apical 2/3, but not reaching lateral margin ( Figs 61B ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 62A ) with dorsal margin slightly concave and ventral margin slightly convex; hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 62C ) narrowed laterally towards the apex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 62C ) circular, apex rounded (female unknown) [ Brazil]....................................... Argentinomyia plaumanni Thompson & Montoya sp. nov.

- Metafemur mainly yellow; abdominal maculae pattern different; other characters different [Central America]........... 40

40. Male with broad shiny facial vitta; pleuron, scutum and scutellum black pilose; wing with indistinct brown fascia on cross-vein r-m [ Costa Rica]..................................................................... Argentinomyia CR-12

- Male facial vitta narrow, indistinct dorsally............................................................... 41

41. Abdominal maculae small, isolated from lateral margins; male genitalia normal size [ Costa Rica]..... Argentinomyia CR-13

- Abdominal maculae large, extending over lateral margin; metafemur orange; male genitalia large [ Costa Rica]............................................................................................... Argentinomyia CR-2

42. Metafemur yellow on apex and basal 1/5; pro- and mesofemora broadly yellow on apical 1/3 to 1/4, respectively; protibia black; abdominal maculae linear reaching to apical 4/5 of segment length ( Figs 9F , 42A–F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 43A ) square-like; hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 43C ) narrowed laterally towards the apex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 43C ) oval, apex rounded [ Brazil and Bolivia].......................... Argentinomyia lineata ( Fluke, 1937)

- Metafemur black, at most only the apex or narrow base yellow; pro- and mesofemora broadly brown on basal 2/3, protibia yellow; other characters variable........................................................................ 43

43. Abdomen with yellowish red triangular maculae on the basal corners of the 2 nd tergum, reaching over the sides and 1/2 of the segment’s length ( Figs 9C , 53B, E ); pro and mesofemora black, only narrowly yellow towards the apex, metatibia slightly yellow basally ( Figs 53B, E ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 54A ) with dorsal and ventral margins similar (square-like); aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 54C ) circular, apex rounded [ Argentina , Brazil and Colombia]................................................................................. Argentinomyia nigrans ( Fluke, 1945)

- Abdomen with large yellow triangular maculae, two pairs of maculae on 3 rd and 4 th terga of male, three pairs of maculae on 2 nd to 4 th terga of female; metafemora black, only yellow basally and apically ( Figs 51B, C, E, F , 52D ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 52A ) triangular-like; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 52C ) with apex acute [ Argentina , Brazil, Colombia and Paraguay]........................................................ Argentinomyia neotropica ( Curran, 1937)

44. Antenna entirely black ( Figs 37 , 57 , 59 , 67 )............................................................... 45

- Antenna partially pale ventrally, at least orange-yellow ventrally on the basoflagellomere........................... 48

45. Abdomen black with grey metallic maculae ( Figs 37B, E , 59B, E ); pro- and mesotibiae dark brown, only slightly yellowishorange either basally or apically ( Figs 37C, F , 59C, F )....................................................... 46

- Abdominal maculae yellow to orange ( Figs 57B, E , 67B, E ); pro- and mesotibiae yellow with a dark median ring ( Figs 57C, F , 67C, F )............................................................................................ 47

46. Tubercle not deeply concave dorsally ( Figs 37 A-C); scutum yellow pilose; halter black; male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 38A ) shorter than the epandrium; hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig. 38C ) acuted laterally towards the apex; apex of hypandrium (superior lobes) no feline claw shape, with a lateral rounded extension ( Fig. 38C ) (female unknown) [ Perú].......................................................... Argentinomyia jalcaensis Thompson & Montoya sp. nov.

- Tubercle well-rounded, deeply concave dorsally ( Figs 59A–F , 60D–E ); scutum mainly black pilose; halter white; male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 60A ) comparatively longer than the epandrium; hypandrium in ventral view ( Fig 60B ) rounded laterally towards the apex; apex of hypandrium (superior lobes) feline claw shape [ Colombia and Ecuador]....................................................................................... Argentinomyia opaca ( Fluke, 1945)

47. Abdomen with a pair of rectangular yellow vitta on 2 nd to 4 th terga, maculae on 2 nd tergum rectangular and entirely isolated from base and apex, maculae on 3 rd reach base and extend to apical 1/5, maculae on 4 th similar and extending to apical 1/3 ( Figs 67A–F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 68A ) with dorsal and ventral margins approximately of the same width in the whole length, elongated, three to four times longer than broad; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 68C ) circular, apex rounded [ Colombia and Ecuador].............................................. Argentinomyia rex ( Fluke, 1945)

- Abdomen with a pair of thin maculae (diamond shape) covered with gray pollen on 3 rd to 4 th terga of male, the same type of macula on 2 nd to 5 th terga of female, maculae on all segments isolated from base and apex ( Figs 57 , 58D–E ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 58A ) bent back as a Z in shape, no more than two times longer than wide; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 58C ) with apex acute [ Colombia]................................... Argentinomyia occidentalis sp. nov.

48. Pro- and mesofemora and tibia yellow, sometimes only dark brown on dorsal surface; face above tubercle carinate ( Figs 4H , 22A, D ); female frontal triangle without a complete transverse black fascia; maculae starting at the base, covering 5/6 of the length of the 2 nd tergum ( Figs 22A–F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 23A ) with dorsal and ventral margins slightly concave; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 23C ) with apex acute. Elongate species, more than 10 mm [ Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela].................................................. Argentinomyia browni ( Fluke, 1945)

- Pro- and mesofemora usually black or brown, never completely yellow, at least basal 1/4 dark, other charters variable.... 49

49. Abdominal maculae almost as wide as long, maculae on 3 rd tergum of male quadrate and on female triangular; facial pile mostly black on male; pro- and mesotibiae orange with a dark median ring ( Figs 12A–F , 13D–E ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 13A ) very elongated and widened ventrally, with a median sized extension in the dorsal margin; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 13C ) hearth shape, with the apical margin concave [ Colombia, Ecuador, Perú]............................................................................................ Argentinomyia altissima ( Fluke, 1945)

- Abdominal maculae slenderer, elongated, about two and 1/2 times as long as wide on 3 rd tergum; female abdomen usually black and covered by grey pollinosity, at most with small reddish maculae ( Figs 20B, E ); face with even brown-yellowish pollen except near antennae ( Figs 20A, D ); pro- and mesotibiae without a dark median ring ( Figs 20A–F ); male genitalia: surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 21A ) with dorsal margin slightly concave and ventral margin slightly convex; aedeagal lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 21C ) with apex acute [ Colombia and Ecuador]........................ Argentinomyia bolivariensis ( Fluke, 1945)

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Illustration of the dorsal habitus of Argentinomyia testaceipes in the original description of Lynch Arribálzaga (1891: 269, Plate, Fig 4); B. Dorsal habitus of a female specimen photographed by X. Mengual; available online at: http:// syrphidae.myspecies.info/taxonomy/term/117.

FIGURE 2. Differences in head morphology, male: A. Argentinomyia rugosonasa, frontal view; Argentinomyia longicornis: B. lateral view; C. frontal view; D. Argentinomyia bolivariensis, frontal view.

FIGURE 4. Differences in head morphology, colouration and pollinosity patterns, frontal view: A. Leucopodella sp. (♁); B. Argentinomyia longicornis (♀);C. Argentinomyia rugosonasa (♀);D. Argentinomyia jamaicensissp. nov. (♀);E. Argentinomyia testaceipes (♀); F. Argentinomyia tropica (♀); G. Argentinomyia nigrans (♀); H. Argentinomyia browni (♀); I. Argentinomyia crenulata (♀); J–K. Argentinomyia norrbomi sp. nov. (♁): J. lateral view, K. frontal view; L. Argentinomyia longicornis (♁), lateral view; M. Platycheirus (Carposcalis) (♁), frontal view; N. Platycheirus (Tuberculanostoma) (♁), lateral view. Scale bar: 5 mm.

FIGURE 5. Female postabdomen. A. Lateral view of Argentinomyia norrbomi sp. nov.; B. Posterior view of the abdominal apex of Argentinomyia occidentalis sp. nov.; C. Dorsal view of distended abdomen of Argentinomyia luculenta. Abbreviations: Ap: apodeme of epiproct; Cer = Cercus; Ep: Epiproct; Hp: Hypoproct; Scl: sclerotized area; Sper: Spermatheca; Tg: tergite. Scale bars: 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 6. Differences in antennae morphology, dorsal view: A. Argentinomyia luculenta (♀); B. Argentinomyia testaceipes (♀); C. Argentinomyia catabomba (♀); D–G. Talahua fervida (♁): D. Head, frontal view, E. Metacoxa pile tuft, ventral view, F. Scutellum emarginated, dorsal view, G. Genitalia, lateral view; H. Argentinomyia CR-18 (♁); I. Argentinomyia sagoti sp. nov. (♀); J. Metasternum of Melanostoma sp.; K. Scutellar pile of Argentinomyia rex; L. Antennal cavities broadly confluent of Xanthandrus sp. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURE 7. Schematic drawings showing colouration patterns of the posterior leg, lateral view.A. Argentinomyia crenulata; B. Argentinomyia longicornis; C. Argentinomyia ivani sp. nov.; D. Argentinomyia spinifemorata sp. nov.; E. Detail of black ring or smudge on the apical margin of metafemur of Argentinomyia praeusta; F. Argentinomyia occidentalis sp. nov.

FIGURE 8. Differences in wing macula pattern, lateral view. A. Argentinomyia crenulata (♀); B. Argentinomyia sagoti sp. nov. (♁); C. Argentinomyia CR-18 (♁).

FIGURE 9. Pattern of abdominal terga, dorsal view: A. Talahua fervida (♀); B. Argentinomyia norrbomi sp. nov. (♀); C. Triangular maculae in Argentinomyia nigrans (♀); D. Argentinomyia rugosonasa (♁); E. Argentinomyia belmira sp. nov. (♀); F. Lineal maculae in Argentinomyia lineata (♁); G. Oblique maculae in Argentinomyia longicornis (♀); H. Argentinomyia andina (♁), head frontal view; I. Argentinomyia currani (♁), abdomen lateral view. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURE 10. Argentinomyia agonis (Walker, 1849), male (CNC DIPTERA 24684): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (CNC DIPTERA 246840): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 11. Argentinomyia agonis (Walker, 1849), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia including epandrium, cercus and surstylus, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view.Abbreviations used in male genitalia structures are as follows: Ahp = apex of hypandrium (superior lobes); Cer = Cercus; Epd = Epandrium; Hyp = Hypandrium; Led = Aedeagal lobe; Sur = Surstyle. Scale bar: 0.05 mm. D–E. Natural habitus of male and female specimens in Puerto Villamil, Galapagos, Ecuador (iNaturalist catalogue number37254474; https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/37254474). Photo taken by ©Robert Siegel.

FIGURE 12. Argentinomyia altissima (Fluke, 1945), male (CEUA 93080): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (CEUA 43354): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 13. Argentinomyia altissima (Fluke, 1945), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. D–E. Natural habitus of a female specimen in Pumapaccha, Cuzco, Perú (iNaturalist catalogue number# 37168068; https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/37168068). Photo taken by ©Jared Shorma.

FIGURE 14. Argentinomyia aurifacies sp. nov., male Holotype (USNM ENT 01443646): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 00038431): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 15. Argentinomyia aurifacies sp. nov., male Holotype, genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 16. Argentinomyia belmira sp. nov., male Holotype (CEUA 95284): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (CEUA 95481): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 17. Argentinomyia belmira sp. nov., male Holotype, genitalia A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. D. Type locality in a pristine Andean forest at the Páramo of Santa Inés Belmira in Antioquia, Colombia. The specimens were collected flying in leks over the Native Bromeliad species, Guzmania coriostachya (Bromeliaceae).

FIGURE 18. Argentinomyia berthae (Lima, 1946), male Neotype (INPA–DIP 000095): A. Head, frontal view B. Dorsal view; C. Head, lateral view. Photo taken by ©Gil Felipe Miranda in Miranda (2017). Female (USNM ENT 01443843): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view; G. Posterodorsal view (USNM ENT01443843). Scale bars: each bar is equal to 1 mm.

FIGURE 19. Argentinomyia berthae (Lima, 1946), male Neotype, genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 20. Argentinomyia bolivariensis (Fluke, 1945), male (USNM ENT 0144380): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 00058848): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 21. Argentinomyia bolivariensis (Fluke, 1945), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 22. Argentinomyia browni (Fluke, 1945), male (USNM ENT 00058849): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 01443719): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 23. Argentinomyia browni (Fluke, 1945), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 24. Argentinomyia catabomba (Williston, 1891), male (ECO–TAP–E 483): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (ECO–TAP–E 1715): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view (CNC DIPTERA 112220). Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 25. Argentinomyia catabomba (Williston, 1891), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURE 26. Argentinomyia crenulata (Williston, 1891), male (INBio CRI 002568658): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (INBio CRI 000409982): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 27. Argentinomyia crenulata (Williston, 1891), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 28. Argentinomyia currani (Fluke, 1937), male (USNM ENT 01406227): A. Head, frontal view; B. Detail of triangular maculae, dorsal view; C. Lateral view (Detail of black ring or smudge on the apical margin of metafemur). Female (USNM ENT 01406289): D. Head, frontal view; E. Detail of triangular maculae, dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 29. Argentinomyia currani (Fluke, 1937), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 30. Argentinomyia fastigata (Fluke, 1945), male (USNM ENT 01406314): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 01406314): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view (CEUA 103448); F. Lateral view (USNM ENT 01406314). Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 31. Argentinomyia fastigata (Fluke, 1945), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. Male (USNM ENT 01443847): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 32. Argentinomyia festiva (Fluke, 1945), male (USNM ENT 000055190): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 00023642): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 33. Argentinomyia festiva (Fluke, 1945), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 34. Argentinomyia humboldti sp. nov., female Holotype (CEUA 98063): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 35. Argentinomyia ivani sp. nov., male Holotype (CEUA 95457): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view; D. Posterior view, detail of maculae on 3rd and 4th terga. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 36. Argentinomyia ivani sp. nov., male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 37. Argentinomyia jalcaensis sp. nov., male Holotype (Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view.

FIGURE 38. Argentinomyia jalcaensis sp. nov., male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 39. Argentinomyia jamaicensis sp. nov., female Holotype (CNC DIPTERA 112271): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 40. Argentinomyia lanei (Fluke, 1936), male (USNM ENT 01364776): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 0146360): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 41. Argentinomyia lanei (Fluke, 1936), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 42. Argentinomyia lineata (Fluke, 1937), male (USNM ENT 01406413): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 01406353): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 43. Argentinomyia lineata (Fluke, 1937), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 44. Argentinomyia longicornis (Walker, 1836), male (CEUA 47451): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 00007888): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 45. Argentinomyia longicornis (Walker, 1836), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 46. Argentinomyia longicornis (Walker, 1836), Female: A–B. Dorsal view of variation pattern in female: A. (CEUA 103438); B. (USNM ENT 00007888); C. Lateral view (USNM ENT 00007888). D–F. Braziliana peruviana Shannon, 1927, male Holotype (USNM ENT 00250244). D. Frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Label; G–I. Argentinomyia grandis, female Holotype (MACN). G. Frontal view; H. Dorsal view; I. Holotype box. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 47. Argentinomyia luculenta (Fluke, 1945), male (CEUA 47454): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female: D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view (CEUA 87095); F. Lateral view (USNM ENT 0143772). Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 48. Argentinomyia luculenta (Fluke, 1945), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. D–E. Natural habitus of a male specimen in the Páramo de Santa Ines Belmira in Antioquia, Colombia: D. Dorsolateral view of a male specimen visiting a flower of “Dandelion” Taraxacum officinale (Asteraceae). E. Dorsal view of a male resting on an Ericaceae leaf. F–H. Natural habitus of a female specimen in a clearing within the forest in the Páramo complex of San José de la Montaña in Antioquia Colombia.

FIGURE 49. Argentinomyia maculata (Walker, 1852), male (USNM ENT 01406339): A. Head, frontal view (Detail of black ring or smudge on apical margin of metafemur); B. Detail of triangular maculae, dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 01406336): D. Head, frontal view; E. Detail of triangular maculae, dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 50. Argentinomyia maculata (Walker, 1852), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 51. Argentinomyia neotropica (Curran, 1937), male (USNM ENT 01409270): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 01384792): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 52. Argentinomyia neotropica (Curran, 1937), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. D. Natural habitus of a female specimen in Magdalena Partido, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina (iNaturalist catalogue number 6307133; https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6307133). Photo taken by ©Gerónimo Martín Alonso.

FIGURE 53. Argentinomyia nigrans (Fluke, 1945), male (USNM ENT 01384670): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 01406441): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 54. Argentinomyia nigrans (Fluke, 1945), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. D–G. Rhysops funerea (Hull, 1949), male Holotype (CNC DIPTERA 169358). D. Latero–frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view; G. Label.

FIGURE 55. Argentinomyia norrbomi sp. nov., male Holotype (USNM ENT 01443832): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 01443831): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 56. Argentinomyia norrbomi sp. nov., male Holotype, genitalia A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 57. Argentinomyia occidentalis sp. nov., male Holotype (CEUA 47448): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (CEUA 47447): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 58. Argentinomyia occidentalis sp. nov., male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view; D. Male genitalia, lateral view; E. Female abdomen, posterior view, detail of maculae on 4th and 5th tergum. Scale bars: 1,5 mm. F–G. Type localities. F. Páramo Santa Rica in Andes Antioquia, Colombia. Photo taken by ©Augusto L. Montoya; G. Páramo del Sol in Urrao Antioquia, Colombia. Photo taken by ©Esteban Domínguez.

FIGURE 59. Argentinomyia opaca (Fluke, 1945), male (USNM ENT 00035708): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 00035708): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 60. Argentinomyia opaca (Fluke, 1945), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. D–E. Natural habitus of a female specimen at the Páramo ecosystem Santa Inés Belmira in Antioquia, Colombia: D. Dorsal view; E. Lateral view.

FIGURE 61. Argentinomyia plaumanni sp. nov., male Holotype (USNM ENT 00036936): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 62. Argentinomyia plaumanni sp. nov. male Holotype, genitalia. A., Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 63. Argentinomyia pollinosa (Hull, 1942), male (USNM ENT 01406570): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 01406570): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 64. Argentinomyia pollinosa (Hull, 1942), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. D. Natural habitus of a male specimen in Mozart 424, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina (iNaturalist catalogue number 37828673; https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/37828673). Photo taken by ©Paula Zermoglio.

FIGURE 65. Argentinomyia praeusta (Loew, 1866), male (USNM ENT 01443776): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 01443777): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 67. Argentinomyia rex (Fluke, 1945), male (CEUA 87097): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (AMNH): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Holotype and Allotype. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 68. Argentinomyia rex (Fluke, 1945), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 69. Argentinomyia rugosonasa (Williston, 1891), male: A. Head, frontal view (INBio CRI 002452405); B. Dorsal view (ECO–TAP–E 24469); C. Lateral view (INBio CRI 002452405). Female (INBio CRI 0003753634): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm. [Note: The coloration of female legs in figure 69D is mainly due to the conservation of the specimen]

FIGURE 70. Argentinomyia rugosonasa (Williston, 1891), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. D. Natural habitus of a male specimen in El Calvario, Toluca, México (iNaturalist catalogue number 17119892; https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/17119892); E. Natural habitus of a female specimen in Toluca de Lerdo, México (iNaturalist catalogue number 8506135; https://www.inaturalist.org/ observations/8506135). Photos taken by ©Juan Carlos García Morales.

FIGURE 71. Argentinomyia sagoti sp. nov., male Holotype (ECOSCE): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (ECOSCE 24470): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 72. Argentinomyia sagoti sp. nov., male Holotype, genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 74. Argentinomyia serendipia sp. nov., male Holotype (CEUA 98284): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view.

FIGURE 75. Argentinomyia serendipia sp. nov., male Holotype, genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 76. Argentinomyia spinifemorata sp. nov., female Holotype (MEFLG 27270): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view; D. Vista posterodorsal. Scale bars: 5 mm. E. Posterior leg, detail of ventral spines (Black arrows indicating ventral spines). Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIGURE 77. Argentinomyia taina sp. nov., male Holotype (USNM ENT 01443645): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (USNM ENT 01443644): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 78. Argentinomyia taina sp. nov., male Holotype, genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 79. Argentinomyia teresae sp. nov., male Holotype (CEUA 98384): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view.

FIGURE 80. Argentinomyia teresae sp. nov., male Holotype, genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 81. Argentinomyia testaceipes Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891, male (USNM ENT 01443767): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view. Female (CEUFLA): C. Cabeza, Lateral view D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 82.Argentinomyia testaceipes LynchArribálzaga, 1891, male genitalia.A. Wholegenitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 83. Argentinomyia transversalis sp. nov., female. A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view (USNMENT 00055996). C. Posterior view, detail of maculae pattern on abdomen; D. Lateral view (CEUA 87110). Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 84. Argentinomyia tropandeana sp. nov., male Holotype (CEUA 13210): A. Cabeza, Vista frontal; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (QCAZ 103714): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 85. Argentinomyia tropandeana sp. nov., male Holotype, genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 86. Argentinomyia tropica (Curran, 1937), male (CEUA 93084): A. Head, frontal view; B. Dorsal view; C. Lateral view. Female (CEUA 69474): D. Head, frontal view; E. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 87. Argentinomyia tropica (Curran, 1937), male genitalia. A. Whole genitalia, lateral view; B. Epandrium, dorsal view; C. Hypandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 88. Biogeographic distribution of Argentinomyia by domains and provinces in the Neotropics: A= Mesoamerican or Central America [Red] (1= Puntarenas-Chiriquí, 2= Chiapas Highlands, 3= Pacific Lowlands, 4= Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt Pacific, 5= Guatuso-Talamanca, 6= Sierra Madre del Sur, 7= Veracruzan); B= North Andes [Blue] (8= Magdalena, 9= Cauca, 10= Guajira, 11= North Andean Páramo, 12= Sabana, 13= Trinidad, 14= Venezuelan, 15= Galápagos Islands); C= Central Andes [Orange] (16= Rondônia, 17= Yungas); D= Paraná [Green] (18= Araucaria Forest, 19= Atlántico Forest, 20= Paraná Forest); E= Chaco [Yellow] (21= Chaco 22= Cerrado, 23= Pampa); F= Amazonía [Purple] (24= Imerí); G= West Indies [Light blue] (25= Cuba, 26= Hispaniola, 27= Jamaica). The biogeographical provinces follow the proposal of Morrone (2014). The light blue dots represent the distribution of Argentinomyia. The color intensity represents the coincidence of occurrence between Argentinomyia species associated with a specific province.

FIGURE 90. Geographical distribution of Argentinomyia species in the Tropical Andes.

FIGURE 91. Geographical distribution of Argentinomyia species in Central and South America.