Campylothorax plagatus, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia & Oliveira, Fábio Gonçalves De Lima, 2016

Cipola, Nikolas Gioia & Oliveira, Fábio Gonçalves De Lima, 2016, A new species of Campylothorax Schött, 1893 (Collembola, Paronellidae) from Brazilian Amazon, with an identification key to the genus, Zootaxa 4109 (4), pp. 487-495 : 488-493

Campylothorax plagatus sp. nov.

Figs 1–31

Type material. Holotype female on slide Nº COLLE 056 / INPA: Brazil, Amazonas, Presidente Figueiredo, AM- 270 road, km 18, waterfall of “Maroca" (02°00'08'S; 59°52'04'W), 166 m, 30.viii.2014, entomological aspirator, NG Cipola & FGL Oliveira coll. Paratypes on slide Nº COLLE 056A-G / INPA: 3 males and 4 females and 20 specimens in alcohol, same data as holotype. Paratypes on slide Nº COLLE 056H / INPA: 1 male, same data as holotype, except dish trap.

Diagnosis. Distinguished by abdomen III–IV with a transverse band of dark purple color; Th II chaetotaxy with 6 mac in p3 complex; Abd II–III respectively with 2 (m3, m5) and 4 (m3, am6, pm6, p6) central mac; Abd IV with 5 posterior central mac (A5, A6, B4, B5 and B6), and 5 lateral mac (E2, E3, F1, F2 and F3?); unguiculi III truncate, and dens with two distal rows of dorsal spines ( Figs 1 , 15, 18–20 , 24–25, 29–30 ).

Description. Total length (head + trunk) of the holotype 3.9 mm. Habitus typically of paronellids ( Fig. 1 ). Specimen with dark purple color covering posteriorly to eyepatches, margin of Th II, Abd III with one transversal band and abdomen IV with one on central region; coxa I–II, femur III, and all tibiotarsi distally. Bluish brown irregular pigment covering antennas, head and legs ( Fig. 1 ). Body covered by different types of chaetae, sens, bothriotricha and scales ( Figs 2–7 ). Hyaline, denticulate, apically rounded or truncate scales covering the Ant I–II, both faces of head, thorax, abdomen, legs, posterior face of the collophore, both faces of manubrium and anteriorly dens ( Figs 6 , 26 and 30 ).

Head ( Fig. 8 ). Ant III–IV missing in all specimens. Ant I dorsally with 7 mac and 9 basal spiny smooth mic ( Fig. 9 ). Eyes 8+8, G and H small, with ciliated chaetae ( Figs 6 and 8 ). Dorsal chaetotaxy ( Fig. 8 ); antennal series 'An' with 13–15 mac; anterior series 'A' with 5 chaetae, A3 as mac or mic; medio-ocellar series 'M' with 1 mac present or absent (M1?); sutural series 'S' with 5 chaetae, S2–3, S4 and S5 as mac, S 5i as mic; interocular series with 5 chaetae; post-sutural series 'Ps' with 2 mic (Ps2, Ps5); postoccipital anterior series 'Pa' with 2 chaetae, Pa5 as macrochaetae; postoccipital posterior series 'Pp' with one mic (Pp5?), plus 3 unnamed mic posteriorly. Ventral chaetotaxy with 32 ciliated chaetae ( Fig. 10 ), cephalic groove (CG) with 7 chaetae; medial postlabial (PLM) with 4 chaetae; external postlabial (PLE) with 3 chaetae. Prelabral and labral chaetae 4/ 5, 5, 4, all smooth, four anterior labral (a1–2), a1 as spine-like; five median (m0–2), and five posterior (p0–2) ( Fig. 11 ). Basolateral and basomedian field with chaetae M1 ciliated, and A1–5, M2, r, E, L1 and L2 smooth ( Fig. 12 ). Labium with five smooth proximal chaetae. Labial palp with five papillae (A–E), and with 0, 5, 0, 4, 4 guard chaetae, respectively; papilla E with lateral process (l.p.) smaller than the papilla; papilla H (main hypostomal) with 2 accessorial hypostomal chaetae ( Fig. 13 ). Maxillary outer lobe with apical appendage and one basal chaeta smaller than the apical, both smooth; sublobal plate without appendages ( Fig. 14 ).

Thorax chaetotaxy. Th II as in figure 15, with 5 anterolateral mac (excluding chaetal collar), 1 S-microchaeta (ms), and 1 anterolateral sens (al); posterior series 'p' with 9 chaetae, p3 complex with 6 mac, p4, p5 and p6 as mic, plus 4 lateral chaetae. Th III as in figure 16; 4 central mac (a2, m4, p2, p3), 7 unnamed lateral mac, and anterolateral sens (al).

Abdomen chaetotaxy. Abd I as in figure 17; series 'm' with 3 central mic (m2–4); series 'p' with 1 mic (p6); lateral region with 6 unnamed chaetae and 1 S-microchaeta (ms). Abd II as in figure 18; series 'a' with 2 mic (a6–7) and 1 bothriotrichum (a5) with 4 accessory chaetae; series 'm' with 4 chaetae, m3 and m5 as mac, m6? as mic, and m2 as bothriotrichum with 3 accessory chaetae; 1 anterosubmedial sens (as) present; series 'p' with 1 mic (p6); lateral with about 10 chaetae. Abd III as in figure 19; series 'a' with 1 bothriotrichum (a5); series 'm' with 5 chaetae, m3, am6 and pm6 as mac, m2 and m5 as bothriotricha; series 'p' with 1 mac (p6); 1 anterosubmedial sens (as), 1 S-microchaeta (ms), and 6 unnamed mes present. Abd IV as in figure 20; series 'A' with 4 mac (A0?–A1, A5–6); series 'B' with 3 mac (B4–6); series 'C' with 3 mic (C2–4); series 'T' with 5 chaetae, T2 and T4 as bothriotricha, T5 as mic, and T6 and T7 as mes; series 'D' with 2–3 mes (D1?–3?), D1? present or absent; series 'E' with 4 chaetae, E2–3 as mac; series 'F' with 3 mac (F1–3?); series 'Fe' with 1 mes (Fe2), plus 7 mes and 3 mic laterally; 1 anterosubmedial sens (as) type I, 6 sens type II (ps and 5 unnamed), and 13 mes posteriorly present. Abd V as in figure 21; series 'a' with 4 chaetae, a5 and a6 as mac plus 1 anterosubmedial sens (as); series 'm' with 3 mac (m2–3, m5) and 1 mes (m5e); posteroanterior series 'pa' with 3–4 chaetae (p4a–5a, p6ai, p6ae), p4a present or absent; series 'p' with 3 mac (p1, p3–4), 1 mes (p5), and 2 accessory sens (acc.p4 and acc.p5) present.

Legs. Trochanter I with one group of 18 ciliated chaetae ( Fig. 22 ). Trochanteral organ with approximately 40 spine-like chaetae ( Fig. 23 ). Tenent hairs capitate with smooth edges. Unguis with four inner teeth, one pair basal teeth, and two unpaired teeth (median and distal), plus two long dorsal teeth. Unguiculi trilamelate, one lamella truncate, two acuminate, with smooth edges, unguiculi I–II short, III long ( Figs 24–25 ).

Collophore. Anterior face with 3 long and 2 short ciliated chaetae; posterior face with about 66 ciliated chaetae; lateral face with 28 chaetae, 26 smooth and 2 ciliated ( Fig. 26 ).

Genital plate of male circinate with 12 surrounding ciliated chaetae, longitudinal genital opening with 10 sclerotic lobes ( Fig. 27 ).

Furcula. Manubrial plate with 4 ciliated chaetae and 3 pseudopores ( Fig. 28 ). Dens dorsally with an internal row of 44–47 ciliated spines and an external row of 5 distal ciliated spines ( Fig. 29 ). Mucro with 5 teeth, 4 apical (v1, il, ap and d) and 1 basal (v2) ( Figs 30–31 ).

Etymology. Refers to the color pattern streaked (from Latin: plagat) on abdomen III and IV ( Fig. 1 ).

Distribution and habitat. Campylothorax plagatus sp. nov. probably is a epiedaphic species because it was found on the litter in waterfall bank of "Maroca", Amazon phytogeographic domain, Amazonas State, North Brazilian, Good's biogeographic zone 26 of Neotropical region ( Good 1974). The climate of the area following the Köppen-Geiger system is "Am" tropical wet (or monsoon) climate, characterized by wet and dry seasons ( Kottek et al. 2006). This is the first species of Campylothorax originally described from Brazilian Amazon.

Remarks. Campylothorax plagatus sp. nov. resembles C. cubanus Gruia, 1983 from Cuba, by abdomen color with two transverse bands, but the new species differs by one of these bands on the Abd III ( Fig. 1 ), while in C. cubanus both bands on Abd IV (see Gruia 1983, pg. 203).

The new species also resembles C. cubanus by dorsal chaetotaxy of Th III to Abd III ( Figs 16–19 ), but differs by head chaetotaxy with or without M1? mac (absent in C. cubanus); Th II with 6 mac in p3 complex. (7 in C. cubanus); Abd IV with 5 posterior central mac (A5–6, B4–6) and 5 lateral mac (E2–3, F1–3?), while in C. cubanus are 6 mac in both regions ( Figs 8 , 15, 20 ). Another characteristics of C. plagatus sp. nov. that also differs is: trocanteral organ with 40 spine-like chaetae (21 in C. cubanus), unguis with one unpaired apical tooth (absent in C. cubanus), unguiculi III truncate (lanceolate in C. cubanus), two rows of dental spines (one in C. cubanus), and mucro more longer than C. cubanus ( Figs 23–25, 29, 30–31 ).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 6. Campylothorax plagatus sp. nov.: 1, habitus of a specimen in alcohol (Ant III – IV missing); 2, tergal S-microchaeta of Th II, Abd I and III; 3, sens type I of Th II to Abd V (except Abd I); 4, sens type II of Abd IV; 5, central chaetotaxy of Abd II; 6, SEM photograph of right head side. Scale bars (2 – 4): 5 µm; scale bars (5): 10 µm.

FIGURES 7 – 14. Campylothorax plagatus sp. nov.: 7, symbols used in detailed chaetotaxy schemes; 8, dorsal chaetotaxy of head; 9, Ant I dorsal chaetotaxy (right); 10, ventral chaetotaxy of head; 11, prelabral and labral chaetotaxy; 12, basolateral and basomedian field; 13, labial papillae; 14, maxillary palp.

FIGURES 15 – 21. Campylothorax plagatus sp. nov.: dorsal chaetotaxy; 15, Th II; 16, Th III; 17, Abd I; 18, Abd II; 19, Abd III; 20, Abd IV; 21, Abd V.

FIGURES 22 – 31. Campylothorax plagatus sp. nov.: 22, trochanter I chaetotaxy; 23, trochanteral organ; 24, foot I complex; 25, foot III complex; 26, collophore; 27, male genital plate and sperm duct; 28, manubrial plate; 29, dental spines chaetotaxy; 30, distal dens and mucro (lateral view); 31, mucro (dorsal view).