Yamasinaium latum, Mikhaljova, Elena V., Golovatch, Sergei I., Korsós, Zoltán, Chen, Chao-Chun & Chang, Hseuh-Wen, 2010

Mikhaljova, Elena V., Golovatch, Sergei I., Korsós, Zoltán, Chen, Chao-Chun & Chang, Hseuh-Wen, 2010, The millipede order Platydesmida (Diplopoda) in Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species, Zootaxa 2718, pp. 51-63 : 57-61

Yamasinaium latum sp. nov.

Figs 19–30 .

Material examined. Holotype: male (NMNS-6460-001, D-0636), Taiwan, Nantou County, Huisun timberland, 0 1 March 1998, leg. S. H. Wu. Paratypes: 7 males, 5 females (NMNS-6460-002, D-0636, D- 0163), 3 males, 2 females ( IBSS), 1 male, 1 female ( ZMUM), 1 male, 1 female (NSYSUB), same locality, together with holotype, 0 1 March 1998, leg. S. H. Wu; 1 male (dissected for SEM: anterior and posterior body parts, midbody segment, gonopods) ( IBSS), 2 females (NMNS-6460-003, D-0052), same locality, 29 March 1998, leg. S. H. Wu; 1 male, 2 females (NSYSUB, 0001), Taiwan, Nantou County, Ren-ai Township, Huisun timberland, under rotten wood, 10 July 2007, leg. M. H. Hsu; 1 female (NMNS-6460-004, D-0698), Taiwan, Nantou County, Ren-ai Township, Meifeng, 0 1 April 2002, leg. S. H. Wu; 1 male (NMNS-6460-005, D- 0675), same locality, 11 July 2002, leg. S. H. Wu; 1 female ( HNHM), Taiwan, Nantou County, Shueili, Renluen, experimental forest area, primary forest, 23°42.5’ N, 120°55.3’ E, 1615 m, 15 May 2008, leg. L. Dányi, Z. Korsós & E. Lazányi; 1 male, 1 female ( HNHM), Taiwan, Nantou County, Shueili, Renluen, experimental forest area, Cryptomeria japonica plantation, 23°43.4’ N, 120°54.9’ E, 1335 m, 16 May 2008, leg. L. Dányi, Z. Korsós & E. Lazányi; 1 male ( HNHM), Taiwan, Nantou County, Shueili, Renluen, experimental forest area, Cryptomeria japonica plantation, 23°43.2’ N, 120°55.1’ E, 1405 m, 16 May 2008, leg. L. Dányi, Z. Korsós & E. Lazányi; 1 male, 6 females (NMNS-6460-006), 1 male, 6 females, 6 juveniles ( HNHM), Taiwan, Anmashan, Tahsueh-shan Forest Recreation Area, 2900 m, 24°16.66’ N, 121°01.50’ E, 2 December 1998, leg. Gy. Fábián & Z. Korsós; 2 females (NMNS-6460-007), Taiwan, Taichung County, Mts Da-Hsue-san, Cryptomeria japonica plantation, over 2000 m, April-May 2006, leg. Tunghai University Spider Research Team; 2 males, 10 juveniles ( HNHM), Taiwan, Taichung County, Mts Da-Hsue-san, logging road No. 210, Cryptomeria plantation, 2000 m a.s.l., 14 October 2007, leg. Z. Korsós; 2 males, 2 females (NMNS-6460-008), 2 males, 2 females ( HNHM), Taiwan, Taichung County, Mt. Da-Hsue-san, SE slope of Shaolai Shan, 24°13.734’ N, 120°58.738’ E, 2003 m, primary broad-leaved forest, 24 October 2009, leg. L. Dányi & E. Lazányi.

Diagnosis. This new species differs from congeners mainly by the collum being ca 3 times as broad as long, and broader than the head, as well as in having the body longer than in Y. noduligerum , but shorter than in Y. koreanum , in the shorter legs, and the very evident tubercles on the metaterga.

Description. Male. Length 10–21 mm, width 0.9–1.8 mm with paranota. 38–57 body segments including telson. Holotype 15 mm long, 1.1 mm wide, with 47 segments including telson. Coloration in alcohol yellowwhitish, grey-yellowish, yellow or light tan.

Head densely setose. Collum with small but distinct paranota directed anterolaterad, not covering head, latter visible in dorsal view ( Figs 19 & 20 ). Collum much broader than head, ca 3 times as broad as long. Two rows of subequal tubercles on collum; each row with gap near axial suture, this gap being especially clear in anterior row.

Body covered with dense minute pubescence and papillae. Papillae on pleura large. Paranota subhorizontal, not very large ( Fig 30 ). Lateral paranotal margins on nearly all segments, except for a few fore- (1–5) and hindmost segments, with a notch. Lateral edges of segments 1–5 rounded. Paranota 2–4 narrower than following ones. Penultimate paranota extending strictly caudad and flanking telson ( Fig. 21 ). Midbody segments ( Figs 22–23 ) with two transverse rows of high distinct tubercles of subequal size all over body; caudal row being shorter; anterior row longer and terminating near lateral paranotal margin. Caudal paranotal margins with distinct notches starting from segment 5, anterior margins entire.

Legs slender, somewhat shorter than segment widths together with paranota, terminating somewhat before lateral paranotal margins. Claws normal.

Two pairs of gonopods directed anteriad. Anterior gonopod ( Figs 24–25 , 28 ) 7-segmented, with groups of long setae. Coxite broad and papillate. Podomere 2 short. Each of podomeres 3–6 with median protuberance carrying strong setae. Ultimate podomere excavated centrally to accommodate stylets of posterior gonopod ( Fig. 25 ). Posterior gonopods ( Figs 26–27 , 29 ) also 7-segmented, covered with sparse long setae. Coxite broad and papillate. Ultimate podomere longest, with two prominent, parallel, apical stylets. Each stylet with spur subapically. Gonopod sternites papillate, with two apical setae.

Female. Length 10–31 mm, width 1.0–2.0 mm together with paranota; 36–69 body segments including telson. Nonsexual characters as in male.

Name. The specific epithet refers to the collum being broader as compared to that in Y. noduligerum .

Remarks. The genus Yamasinaium has hitherto been known to encompass only two species: Y. noduligerum , the type-species described from Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan ( Verhoeff 1939), and Y. koreanum Golovatch, 1981 , discovered in Korea ( Golovatch 1981).

A side-by-side comparison of the above new species with type material of Y. noduligerum revealed the following differences. Y. latum is distinguished by the collum being broader, both clearly broader than the head and about 3 times as broad as its maximum length ( Figs 19 & 20 ). The collum of Y. latum supports clearcut anterolateral lobes, while Y. noduligerum shows the collum subequal in width to or slightly narrower than the head, only about 2 times as broad as its maximum length, and devoid of evident anterolateral lobes. Besides this, these two species differ in body size (10–21 mm long in Y. latum versus 8.5–10.5 in Y. noduligerum ) and leg length (slightly shorter, not reaching the lateral margin of the paranota in Y. latum , versus slightly longer, reaching the lateral margin of the paranota, in Y. noduligerum ).

The new species differs from Y. koreanum mainly in the well-developed tubercles on the metaterga, the smaller body size (versus 22–28 mm long in Y. koreanum ), the presence of a notch at the caudal paranotal margin, the less abundant tergal pilosity, and the development of subapical spurs on the stylets of the posterior gonopod.

MAP. Distribution of Brachycybe disticha sp. nov. and Yamasinaium latum sp. nov. in Taiwan. Borderlines show borders between the counties. Filled triangle: Brachycybe disticha sp. nov., open circle: Yamasinaium latum sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 30. Yamasinaium latum sp. nov., male paratype. Photograph not to scale.

FIGURES 19 – 23. Yamasinaium latum sp. nov., male paratype. 19, anterior part of body, dorsal view; 20, collum, dorsal view; 21, posterior part of body, dorsal view; 22, midbody segments, dorsal view; 23, midbody segment, cross-section.

FIGURES 24 – 27. Yamasinaium latum sp. nov., male paratype. 24, anterior gonopods, caudal view; 25, ultimate podomere of anterior gonopod with excavation for accommodating stylets of posterior gonopod; 26, posterior gonopods, front

FIGURES 28 & 29. Yamasinaium latum sp. nov., male paratype. 28, right anterior gonopod, front view; 29, left posterior gonopod, anteroventral view. Scale in mm.