Paraliparis neelovi Andriashev 1982

Stein, David L., 2012, Snailfishes (Family Liparidae) of the Ross Sea, Antarctica, and Closely Adjacent Waters 3285, Zootaxa 3285, pp. 1-120 : 75-79

Paraliparis neelovi Andriashev 1982

Figs. 53, 54, 55

Paraliparis neelovi Andriashev, 1982a:721 , Figs. 1 , 2; Andriashev 1986:117, Figs. 51–53; Stein & Andriashev 1990:249, Fig. 27; Duhamel 1992:202, Fig. 5b; Andriashev 2003:330, Figs. 174, 175; Chernova & Duhamel 2003:144, Fig. 4; Duhamel et al. 2005:310, Fig.; Duhamel et al. 2010:326, Fig. 6.

Holotype. ZIN 45819, 250 mm SL, 56°50' S, 71°06' E, Banzare Bank, FR / V Fiolent, Trawl 34, 2 January 1978, 1420– 1390 m.

Material examined. NMNZ P.041414, female, 298 mm TL, 283 mm SL, 70°29.00' S, 179°07.60' E, Iselin Seamount, Ross Sea, F / V San Aspiring , Stn. OBS 2011/071, 27 January 2005, 1274– 1370 m . NMNZ P.041414/1, cleared and stained right pectoral girdle. NMNZ P.042304, female, 305 mm TL, 281 mm SL, 71°33.0' S, 179°04.5' W, Iselin Bank, F / V San Aspiring , Stn. OBS 2183/035, 13–14 Jan 2006, 1242– 1333 m . NMNZ P.042304/1, cleared and stained right pectoral girdle. NMNZ P.042667, female,> ~ 335 mm TL, ~ 316 mm SL, 70°29' S, 179°06.60' E, off Iselin Seamount, Ross Sea, F / V Avro Chieftain , Stn. OBS 2330/045, 14 January 2007, 1301– 1422 m . NMNZ P.042667/1, cleared and stained right pectoral girdle.

Diagnosis (modified from Andriashev, 2003 with additional data from his description). V 67–71, P 19–21, C 6 (3/3), P 19–21, radials 3 (2+0+1). Mouth terminal. Teeth mostly uniserial but at symphysis several short rows or scattered irregularly arranged teeth present. Mandibular symphyseal pores closely set. Gill opening short, 1.7–3.4% SL. Opercular flap a small fleshy angle. Head 16–18%, preanal fin length 41–47% SL. Body rosy, blackish around mouth. Peritoneum black, stomach and pyloric caeca pale.

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Description. The following counts and ratios include those provided by Andriashev (2003) and those from the new specimens (in brackets). The prose description is of the latter.

Counts. V 67–71(11–13+54–59) [70–71 (12–13+57–59)], D ~61–64 [65–66], A 52–56 [56–57], P 19–21 [19– 20], C 6 (3/3) [6 (3/3)], pc 5 [pc 6–8], pores 2–6–7–1. Ratios. HL 16.1–18.2 [16.5–17.2], HW 12.0–14.6 [12.2– 15.2], sn ~5.6 [4.9–5.6], E 3.8–4.3 [3.4–3.9], orbit unknown [4.4–5.2], io 7.7–8.6 [6.8–7.0], uj unknown [5.7–6.9], go 1.7–2.1 [~2.0–3.2], bd 18.0–21.7 [20.7], preD 21.2–24.4 [22.9– ~28], preA 41.6–45.4 [41.2–46.8], sna unknown [~19.4–20.5], aAf 24.7–28.6 [22.9– ~31], UPL 10.8–13.4 [~12–13.0], LPL 11.7–15.3 [~12–13.3], pabd unknown [~28] In % HL: HW 72–88 [78.2–90.9], sn ~34 [28.4–33.8], E 22–24 [19.7–23.5], orbit unknown [25.3– 30.9], io 46–52 [39.8–41.9], uj unknown [34.0–34.8], go 10–12 [12.1–18.8], bd 108–131 [123.9], preD 128–147 [163–168], preA 251–273 [246.5–272.2], sna unknown [117.2–119.2], aAf unknown [137–180], UPL 66–74 [73.4–77.8], LPL 70–92 [72.4– ~82], LLD unknown [10.5] pabd unknown [168.2] cp unknown [2.7–3.4].

Head small, dorsal profile rounded ventrally to snout. Snout short. Nostrils on a horizontal with pupil. Mouth horizontal, inferior, oral cleft short, not quite reaching anterior margin of orbit. Teeth simple, stout canines, uniserial in both jaws except near symphysis of premaxilla, where irregularly bi- or tri-serial. About 28 teeth in outer row on each premaxilla, posterior 17 uniserial. Mandibular teeth uniserial, about 70 in a row, progressively smaller anteriorly; near symphysis an irregular patch about four teeth wide. Symphyseal gap present in both jaws. Eye prominent, pupil very large, about 2/3 or more of eye diameter. Gill opening completely above pectoral fin base, 1/ 5–1/6 head; opercular flap clearly developed, not pore-like, supported by dorsally curved opercle. Pore formula unknown, pores damaged, small, easily obscured by skin folds. Chin pores closely set, the distance between them about equal to one pore diameter. Suprabranchial pore single, directly above gill opening.

Pectoral fin short, longest ray of upper lobe reaching to about middle of abdominal cavity. Uppermost ray on horizontal with lower part of orbit or mid-pupil. Upper lobe rounded, of 14 rays, notch rays 2–3, rudimentary; lower lobe of three rays, insertion of lowest ray below opercle and anterior to gill opening, lobe reaching to below middle or posterior end of upper lobe. Pectoral girdle 3 (2+0+1) large unnotched radials, all almost round, R1, R2 larger. Scapula with a large, broad and well-developed helve; coracoid with a fenestra and a long, slender, unnotched helve.

Body thick, deepest behind head. Dorsal fin insertion between vertebrae 4–7, anal fin insertion between vertebrae 13–15. Dorsal and anal fins deepest at about 2/3 of SL posterior. Anus well behind symphysis of lower pectoral fin lobes, below base of upper lobe. Peritoneum visible through white body wall. Hypural complex fused, slit absent. Caudal fin of six (3/3) rays, auxiliary rays absent. SECM well developed. Skin thick, fibrous.

Fresh color white, faint black edging to dorsal, anal, and pectoral fins, slightly dusky on head; black peritoneum clearly visible through body wall (Fig. 54). Color of body in alcohol white, head, distal part of upper pectoral fin lobes, and lower lobe rays brown, anal region blackish-brown. Orobranchial cavity dusky blackish, stomach and pyloric caeca pale.

All three specimens appear to be ripe or almost ripe. Egg diameters range from 2.8–4.2 mm.

Distribution. The new specimens extend the geographic range from Heard Island and East Antarctica to the Ross Sea at similar depths between 1070–2000 m.

Comparisons. Paraliparis neelovi is very similar to the Antarctic members of the P. copei species group (P. c. gibbericeps Andriashev 1982b, P. c. kerguelensis Andriashev 1982a, P. c. wilsoni Andriashev 1986), and in particular to P. c. kerguelensis. It differs from all three in having three (vs four) radials, six (vs eight) caudal rays, gill opening not pore-like (vs pore-like), greater preanal fin length (25–29 vs 19–23% SL), and other characters. Similar to P. stehmanni in many counts and proportions, it differs in radial notches (unnotched vs deeply notched), caudal rays (six vs seven), radials (three vs four), and other characters. It is also externally similar to P. alius , P. epacrognathus , P. mentikoilon , P. nullansa , P. parviradialis , P. plicatus , and P. voroninorum ; their differences are described under their descriptions.

Comments. These specimens fit the description of P. neelovi well enough to be considered conspecific. However, there are differences that can be considered the result of geographic separation, such as notch ray development, anal fin insertion (13–15 vs 16–17) ( Andriashev 2003:332), and longer gill opening (~3 vs 1–2% SL). Considering their soft tissues, concomitant flexibility, and damage to the specimens, such variations are not unexpected.

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FIGURE

Andriashev (2003:331, Fig. 174) shows the pectoral fin notch rays as being well developed and segmented, but examination of specimens in the ZIN collection (pers. comm. N. Chernova, 18 November 2010, 4 July 2011) shows that the notch rays are highly variable in number (1–3) and length (3.4–38% of the upper pectoral fin lobe length), all are unsegmented and often the two halves are unfused. Thus all are rudimentary and the figure, which shows well segmented notch rays, is in error (See Fig. 53b, this paper and compare with Andriashev 2003:Fig. 174b). The types have longer notch rays than the Ross Sea specimens, which could be a result of different populations.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Map of the Ross Sea, showing all collection localities.