Pamphaginae

Massa, Bruno, 2013, Pamphagidae (Orthoptera: Caelifera) of North Africa: key to genera and the annotated check-list of species, Zootaxa 3700 (3), pp. 435-475 : 436

Key to North African genera of Pamphaginae

1. Krauss’s organ absent, hind border of pronotum provided with spines or festooned ( Figs. 1–6 ), wings absent or very small.. 2

- Krauss’s organ present, hind border of pronotum smooth or festooned, squamipterous............................... 3

2. Hind border of pronotum with spines, tympanum partially covered, body dorso-ventrally compressed, wings absent, upper bor- der of hind femurs provided with spines ( Figs. 1–2 ). Tunisia and Libya..................... Gen. Finotia Bonnet, 1884 .

- Hind border of pronotum festooned or with small tubercles, tympanum not covered, wings absent ( Fig. 5 ) or present; in this case they may be very short ( Fig. 4 ) or not exceeding the metanotum ( Fig. 6 ); in the latter case microscopic hind wings are present. Upper border of hind femurs undulate and notched after the middle ( Figs. 5–6 ). Morocco to Libya and Italy (Sicily).............................................................................. Gen. Ocneridia Bolivar, 1912 .

3. Hind femurs with upper and lower borders laterally flattened and provided with tubercles, upper border constricted just before the genicular lobe. Tegmina spatular ( Fig. 7 ). Prosternum process narrow, bifid and cuneiform. Morocco and West Algeria........................................................................... Gen Eunapiodes Bolivar, 1907 .

- Hind femurs normal, with upper border declining after the middle, smooth ( Fig. 8 ) or with some small spines ( Fig. 9 )...... 4

4. Prosternum process absent, only a fore collar present, vertex two times wider than long ( Fig. 10 ), 11–12 antennal segments, pronotum clearly interrupted by the typical sulcus ( Figs. 10–13 ), epiproct divided by a longitudinal concavity............ 5

- Prosternum process present, vertex less than two times wider than long, 15–18 antennal segments, pronotum not or interrupted only by typical sulcus, epiproct not clearly divided........................................................... 7

5. Pronotum interrupted by 2–3 sulci ( Figs. 11, 13 ), arolia longer than half claws, hind border of epiphallus raised, male cerci incurved, subgenital plate of male not convex, inside of hind femurs dark......................................... 6

- Pronotum interrupted by one sulcus ( Fig. 12 ), arolia shorter than half claws, hind border of epiphallus cut, male cerci straight and flattened, subgenital plate of male convex, inside of hind femurs pale. South Morocco.................................................................................... Gen. Pseudoglauia Morales Agacino et Descamps, 1968 .

6. Body not dorso-ventrally compressed, hind border of pronotum more or less straight, pronotum interrupted by 2–3 sulci ( Fig. 11 ), male cerci downcurved. South Morocco........................................... Gen. Glauia Bolivar, 1912 .

- Body compressed dorso-ventrally, pronotum flat and wide ( Fig. 13 ), hind border of pronotum much concave, tegmina covering only partially the tympanum, male cerci incurved, male epiphallus as long as the entire phallic complex. South Morocco....................................................................... Gen. Glauvarovia Morales Agacino, 1945 .

7. Pronotum keel furrowed dorsally (only in rare cases it is not furrowed), presence of lateral keels on the pronotum ( Figs. 15– 16 ). Tegmina more or less oval, with lower border convex ( Figs. 17–20 ). Aedeagus valves provided with columnar keels ( Figs. 120–122 , 144 )........................................................................................ 8

- Pronotum keel not furrowed dorsally, lateral keels absent, tegmina narrow, with lower border straight and only enlarged apically ( Figs. 14 , 27 ). Aedeagus valves normal............................................................... 11

8. Prosternum process cubic ( Fig. 114 )...................................................................... 9

- Prosternum process with a fore border and two hind pointed tubercles ( Figs. 142 , 149, 153 ). Morocco and Algeria................................................................................... Gen. Paraeumigus Bolivar, 1914 .

9. Prosternum process with four evident pointed tubercles, abdomen clearly keeled ( Figs. 16, 20 ). From Morocco to Libya......................................................................... Gen. Paraeuryparyphes La Greca, 1993 .

- Prosternum process with two pointed tubercles, abdomen just keeled............................................ 10

10. Aedeagus valves long, narrow and tubular, apically open, epiphallus ancorae reduced to two tuberosities, hind border deeply concave between lophi, that bear some small black spines. Morocco................. Gen. Nadigeumigus La Greca, 1993 .

- Aedeagus valves characterized by columnar keels (Figs.), epiphallus normal. Morocco and Algeria............................................................................................... Gen. Euryparyphes Fischer, 1853 .

11. Body short, meso and metasternal spaces much wider than long ( Fig. 21 )........................................ 12

- Body long, meso and metasternal spaces as wide as long..................................................... 13

12. Pronotum raised, borders of the vertex evident, hind femurs and tibiae much hairy, also on the upper border. Central Morocco............................................................................... Gen. Amigus Bolivar, 1914 .

- Pronotum flat, borders of the vertex not evident, hind femurs and tibiae less hairy ( Fig. 22 ). Morocco........................................................................................... Gen. Pseudoamigus Chopard, 1943 .

13. Hind femurs stout, with a pre-genicular narrowing less evident ( Fig. 23 ), fore and hind borders of pronotum clearly protruding ( Figs. 25–26 ), hind tibiae hairless. From Morocco to Libya and Italy (Sardinia and Sicily). Gen. Pamphagus Thunberg, 1815 .

- Hind femurs slender, with a pre-genicular narrowing more evident ( Figs. 8 , 24 ), borders of pronotum less protruding ( Fig. 27 ), hind tibiae hairy..................................................................................... 14

14. Subgenital plate of the male not divided into two parts ( Fig. 28 ). Hind border of epiphallus never bilobate ( Fig. 31 ). From Morocco to Tunisia, Italy (Calabria and Sicily) and Iberian peninsula....................... Gen. Acinipe Rambur, 1838 .

- Subgenital plate of the male divided into two parts ( Fig. 29 ). Hind border of epiphallus generally bilobate ( Fig. 30 ). From Morocco to Egypt and Middle East.................................. Gen. Paracinipe Descamps et Mounassif, 1972 .

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 22. Characters of some Pamphagidae cited in the key to genera.

FIGURES 110 – 122. Characters of Euryparyphes rungsi n. sp. from Middle Atlas; holotype (110, 111, 114, 115, 116) and allotype (112, 113, 117, 118); epiphallus (119) and aedeagus valves of holotype, in lateral (120), front (121) and back view (122) (MNCN).

FIGURES 123 – 148. 123 – 145. Characters of species of the Moroccan genus Paraeumigus, included P. lopezi n. sp. (141 – 145, holotype and allotype, BMCP). 146 – 148. Lateral view of Amigus nigroadspersus and its phallic complex. Figs. 124, 135 – 137, 139 – 140 after La Greca (1993).

FIGURES 23 – 31. Characters of some Pamphagidae cited in the key to genera.

FIGURES 149 – 160. Females of some species of the Morocco genus Paraeumigus: P. fortius syntype (149 – 150), P. sobrinus syntypes (151 – 153), P. escalerai syntype (154), P. l o pe zi n. sp. allotype (155), P. bolivari paratype (156), P. montanus (157, after Chopard 1943), P. tricoloripes (158), P. parvulus (159 – 160).