Amphinomidae Lamarck, 1818
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.6620/ZS.2019.58-22 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C287A5-FFC9-FFF3-FF0C-5C865F43FA22 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Amphinomidae Lamarck, 1818 |
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Family Amphinomidae Lamarck, 1818 View in CoL Subfamily Archinominae Kudenov, 1991 Genus Chloeia Lamarck, 1818
Type species: Chloeia flava ( Pallas, 1766) .
Type locality: Ambon Island, Indonesia.
Chloeia bimaculata sp. nov. ( Figs. 1 View Fig , 2 View Fig , 5 View Fig ; Tables 1, 2) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:208AE0F8-1ED0-4876-80C3-92A2826FACDE
Materials examined: Two specimens collected from a subtidal sandy bottom in Port Shelter, Hong Kong ( Table 1). Holotype: SWIMS-ANN-19-001, 30 chaetigers, 28 mm long, 7 mm wide excluding chaetae, collected on 30 September 2017. Paratype: SWIMS- ANN-19-002, 34 chaetigers, 39 mm long, 14 mm wide excluding chaetae, collected in June 2013.
Diagnosis: Body fusiform, with around 30 segments. Dorsum with two dark spots arranged one behind the other in each chaetiger. Prostomium with anterior and posterior lobes. Anterior lobe with a pair of palpal antennae. Posterior lobe with 2 pairs of eyes, a pair of lateral antennae, and an unpaired median antenna. Caruncle well developed, with a wider central crest and two narrower lateral crests. Branchiae first present from chaetiger 4, bipinnate. Notopodial cirri numbering one or two per anterior segment. Notochaetae thick bifurcate, harpoon or spinose. Neurochaetae bifurcate only.
Description of holotype: Fusiform in shape ( Fig. 1A View Fig ), both live and fixed specimen pale in color, with a unique pigmentation pattern on dorsal surface: two mid-dorsal dark spots arranged one behind the other on each chaetiger starting from the fifth; an oblique guard line present on left and right side of posterior dark spot ( Fig. 1I, L, M View Fig ). A pair of dark pigmented lines present on anterior margin of branchiae and notopodial chaetae fascicles in each segment, connecting guard lines in its anterior ends ( Fig. 1L, M View Fig ); a pair of inner pigmented lines present on posterior margin of notopodial chaetae fascicles; a pair of outer pigmented lines present on anterior margin of neuropodial chaetae fascicles ( Fig. 1B, I, M View Fig ).
Prostomium with an anterior lobe and a posterior lobe ( Fig. 1B View Fig ). Anterior lobe wider than long, with a pair of cirriform and pale palpal antennae. Posterior lobe smaller, with a pair of lateral antennae arising from its anterior margin ( Fig. 1B, J View Fig ), stouter and slightly longer than palpal antennae. A median antenna, dark purple, arising from anterior margin of caruncle, stouter than and about twice as long as lateral antennae and 3/4 as long as caruncle ( Fig. 1B View Fig ). Palps fused, forming a shallow mid-dorsal groove with a dark purple line on bottom ( Fig. 1B, J View Fig ), and a pale mid-ventral longitudinal groove extending to mouth ( Fig. 1C, K View Fig ). Two pairs of black eye spots trapezoidally arranged on posterior prostomial lobe ( Fig. 1B View Fig ). Caruncle with one wider central crest and two narrower lateral crests, each with ~15 transverse grooves; a chain of oval black spots present along entire mid-central crest ( Fig. 1B View Fig ). Caruncle fused to dorsum of first two chaetigers, with a free end extending posteriorly to middle of chaetiger 4 ( Fig. 1B View Fig ). Mouth surrounded by ventral palps and ventral side of first three chaetigers ( Fig. 1C View Fig ).
Parapodia biramous with widely separated dorsal and ventral rami ( Fig. 1G, H View Fig ). Branchial cirri inarticulate, pale in color, more dorsal to, and slender and shorter than notopodial cirri, only present in first three parapodia ( Fig. 1B, G View Fig ). Notopodial cirri biarticulate, located posteriorly to notopodial chaetal fascicles ( Fig. 1B, G, H View Fig ); cirrophore pale or blackish ( Fig. 1G–I View Fig ), cirrostyle pale or blackish in first two parapodia, and black in all other parapodia ( Fig. 1B, G, H View Fig ); cirrostyle more than 5 times as long as cirriphore in first two parapodia, about 3–4 times in all other parapodia ( Fig. 1G, H View Fig ). Neuropodial cirri biarticulate, located posteriorly to chaetae fascicles, pale in color; cirrophore short ( Fig. 1C, D, G View Fig ), cirrostyle more than 10 times the length of cirrophore from fifth parapodia ( Fig. 1D View Fig ).
Branchiae pale-yellowish in live specimen, bipinnate, present from fourth parapodia to posterior end ( Fig. 1A View Fig ); with 12–20 alternating branches arising from primary stem, each terminating in smaller branches or digitiform terminal filaments ( Fig. 1H View Fig ). Branchiae smaller in anterior chaetigers, best developed from middle chaetigers to near end and decreasing in size in last few chaetigers ( Fig. 1A View Fig ). Most branchiae with pigmentation on inner side of primary stem ( Fig. 1I, L, M View Fig ).
Notochaetae three types: (1) bifurcate chaetae ( Fig. 2A, B View Fig ), with distal teeth varying in length and width, only present in first four chaetigers; (2) harpoon chaetae ( Fig. 2C–G View Fig ), with serrations on unilateral side of spinous stem; number of lateral serrations from ~ 11– 12 in anterior chaetigers to 22 in middle and posterior chaetigers, present from chaetiger 5 to posterior end, most numerous in the three types; (3) spinose chaetae ( Fig. 2H View Fig ), without serrations, located in superior chaetal fascicle, present from anterior to posterior parapodia, several, least numerous among the three types of notochaetae. Neurochaetae thinner, longer, and more numerous than neuropodial chaetae in majority of chaetigers ( Fig. 1H View Fig ). Neurochaetae bifurcate chaetae only ( Fig. 2I–L View Fig ), similar in morphology with bifurcate notochaetae ( Fig. 2A, B View Fig ), distributed in all parapodia; distal teeth short and blunt in anterior parapodia, becoming longer and sharper in posterior parapodia. All notopodial and neuropodial chaetae with tubular cavity extending into teeth in bifurcate notochaetae and neurochaetae.
Pygidium with a terminal anus on dorsal side ( Fig. 1F View Fig ). A pair of pygidial cirri digitiform, as long as 5 posterior chaetigers ( Fig. 1E, F View Fig ).
Etymology: The specific epithet bimaculata refers to the two mid-dorsal dark spots in each chaetiger.
Habitat: Subtidal sandy bottom, depth less than 20 meters.
Distribution: The type specimens were collected from Sharp Island in Port Shelter ( Fig. S1 View Fig ). Based on photographs of fireworms posted on the Internet by local SCUBA divers, this species has been recorded from other locations of eastern Hong Kong waters, including Tung Ping Chau.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.