Eriophyidae

Navia, Denise, Duarte, Mercia Elias & Flechtmann, Carlos H. W., 2021, Eriophyoid mites (Acari: Prostigmata) from Brazil: an annotated checklist, Zootaxa 4997 (1), pp. 1-152 : 63-64

Eriophyidae , Phyllocoptinae , Phyllocoptini

175 Phyllocoptruta oleivora ( Ashmead, 1879) ( Keifer, 1938: 193)

Previous assignments.

Typhlodromus oiliioorus Ashmead, 1879

Typhlodromus oleivorus Ashmead, 1879

Phytoptus oleivorus ( Ashmead, 1879)

Eriophyes oleivorus ( Ashmead, 1879)

Phyllocoptes oleivorus ( Ashmead, 1879)

Phyllocoptes oleivorus ( Ashmead, 1879)

Phyllocoptruta oleivorus ( Ashmead, 1879)

Synonymy.

Phyllocoptruta citri Soliman & Abou-Awad, 1978

Type host. Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f ( Rutaceae ).

Type locality. Jacksonville , Duval Co., Florida, USA .

Additional reports in Brazil. On Citrus latifolia Ten. (Rutaceae) : Cruz das Almas (12°40’19”S, 39°06’22”W) ( Nascimento et al. 1977), Bahia ; on Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae) : Cruz das Almas (12°40’19”S, 39°06’22”W) ( Nascimento et al. 1977); Bahia ; Itatiaia (in this paper, specimens deposited at the mite collection in ESALQ, USP), Rio de Janeiro; Taquari ( Azambuja & Silva 1982), Rio Grande do Sul; on Citrus sinensis (L) Osb ( Rutaceae ): Manaus ( Bobot et al. 2006; 2011), Amazonas; locality not informed ( Coelho et al. 1977), Cruz das Almas (12°40’19”S, 39°06’22”W) ( Nascimento et al. 1977), Rio Real ( Noronha et al. 2001), Bahia ; Arvorezinha (28°51’01.20”S, 52°08’19.40”W) ( Horn et al. 2011), Rio Grande do Sul; Jaboticabal ( Romano et al. 1977), Jaguariúna (22º40’S, 47º02’W) ( Albuquerque 2006), Taquaritinga ( Gravena et al. 2006), Descalvado (21º59’S, 47º35’W) (Silva, 2012), São Paulo; on Citrus spp. (Rutaceae) : Janaúba ( Damasceno 2008), Prata (19°22’59,36”S, 48°46’42,44”W) and Comendador Gomes (19°40’28.05”S, 48°56’1,79”W) (Morais 2019), Minas Gerais; Seropédica ( Cordeiro et al. 1991), Rio de Janeiro; Taquari ( Moraes et al. 1995); Rio Grande do Sul; Águas de Chapecó (27°08’S, 52° 38’W) and Chapecó (27°05’S, 52°56’W) ( Chiaradia 2001), Santa Catarina; locality not informated (Chiavegato 1968), Jaboticabal ( Oliveira et al. 1982b), Limeira ( Mariconi et al. 1986), Piracicaba ( Marques & Moraes, 1991), Santo Antônio de Posse ( Fogaça et al. 1991), Taiúva ( Oliveira & Oliveira 1991), Bebedouro ( Scarpellini & Santos 1997), Reginópolis (21°48’38”S, 49°9’05”W), São Manuel (22º45’19.692”S, 48º28’2.305”W), Cordeirópolis (22º27’45.709”S, 47º24’39.859”W), Marília (22º16’49.8”S, 50º04’35.0”W), Pirassununga, Monte Alto (21°12’36”S, 48°35’29”W), Gavião Peixoto (21°44’43.43”S, 48°27’34.80”W), Itirapina (22°12’16.13”S, 47°44’04.26”W), Rincão (21°32’49.99”S, 48°5’49.32”W), Cajobi (20°49’20.43”S, 48°48’21.51”W), Frutal (20°8’5.02”S, 48°47’4.02”W), Barretos (20°29’23,09”S, 48°35’13.60”W), Borebi (22°43’32.97”S, 49°5’26.13”W), Mogi-Guaçú (22°12’18.88”S, 47°10’17.29”W), Urupês (21º8’51.691”S, 49º15’11.934”W), Ibaté (21°57’48.13”S, 48°7’38.03”W), Tabatinga (21º39’19.382”S, 48º34’39.05”W) and Taquaral (21º0’43.888”S, 48º25’36.268”W) (Morais 2019), Santa Fé do Sul (20°29’09”S, 51°37 45”) ( Barbara & Romagnoli 2019), São Paulo; Umbaúba (11°22’37”S, 37°40’26”W) ( Silva et al. 2016), Santa Luzia do Itanhy (in this paper, specimens deposited at the mite collection in ESALQ, USP), Sergipe.

Relationship to host plants. Vagrants, on both leaf surfaces and on fruit skin, although preferring underside of leaves and green young fruits. When injury occurs on fruit during the exponential growth phase before fruit maturity, further growth leads to a breaking up of the dead epidermis and subsequent wound periderm formation beneath the epidermis, developing cracks; this injury is defined as the “russet” condition. On grapefruit, lemons, limes and occasionally on oranges, “russet” has a slightly different appearance known as “sharkskin” ( Albrigo & McCoy 1974). Injury to mature fruits known as “bronzing” differs significantly; epidermal cells die and become very deep brownish-black; however, there is little cracking of the epidermus ( McCoy 1996).

Remarks. Commonly known as Citrus Rust Mite , widely distributed in citrus production areas, it is considered one of the main citrus mite pests around the world; damage is particularly severe in warm and humid conditions ( McCoy 1996). In Brazil, P. oleivora is the second most important citrus mite pest; serious damage occurs in some seasons (Costa et al. 1960; Moraes & Flechtmann 2008). In addition to cosmetic damage, mites can cause loss of water, premature dropping, size and weight decrease as well as flavor changes of fruits ( McCoy 1996; Nascimento et al. 1984).

Type host plant status in Brazil. Exotic fruit tree, widely cultivated in domestic and commercial orchards in all regions ( Lorenzi et al 2006) .

Additional host plants status in Brazil. C. latifolia - probably hybrid fruit tree, little cultivated in domestic and commercial orchards in all regions; C. reticulata and C. sinensis — exotic fruit tree, widely cultivated in domestic and commercial orchards in all regions ( Lorenzi et al. 2006); Citrus spp. — exotic fruit tree, widely cultivated in domestic and commercial orchards in all regions ( Lorenzi et al. 2006). The citriculture has high economic importance for Brazil, which is one of the largest orange producers in the world, and the largest producer and exporter of concentrated orange juice in the world ( Neves & Trombin 2017).

176 * Phyllocoptruta seringueirae Feres, 1998 a: 71 .

Type host. Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) .

Type locality. Reginópolis , São Paulo, Brazil .

Relationship to host plant. Vagrants on the lower surface of leaves, causing small chlorotic areas (Feres 1998a).

Additional localities in Brazil. Manaus, (“Reserva Ducke, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa da Amazônia-INPA”) (2°25’S, 59°48’W) ( Feres 2001), Amazonas; Igrapiúna, (13°48′S, 39°10′W) ( Castro et al. 2013), Bahia ; Goianesia (15º10’19’’S, 48º57’11’’W) ( Hernandes & Feres 2006), Goiás; Rondonópolis (Feres 1998a), Itiquira and Pontes e Lacerda ( Ferla & Moraes 2002), Mato Grosso; Monte Aprazível (Feres 1998a), Buritama ( Feres 2000), Taquaritinga (21°26’39”S, 48°37’52”W), Cedral (20°55’30”S, 49°26’49”W), Pindorama (21°13’43”S, 48°54’54”W) ( Feres et al. 2002), Olímpia (20°42’59”S, 49°01’58”W and 20°43’53”S, 49°03’38”W) ( Bellini et al. 2005b), São José do Rio Preto (20°46’54”S, 49°15’34”W) ( Demite & Feres 2005), São Paulo.

Type host plant status. Native tree, not endemic, occurring naturally in the Amazônia biome ( Flora do Brasil 2020). Widely cultivated mainly in the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Goiás ( Corrêa et al. 2018), used in an extractive manner, with the purpose of producing natural rubber ( Campelo Júnior 2000).