Diptilomiopidae, Keifer, 1944

Navia, Denise, Duarte, Mercia Elias & Flechtmann, Carlos H. W., 2021, Eriophyoid mites (Acari: Prostigmata) from Brazil: an annotated checklist, Zootaxa 4997 (1), pp. 1-152 : 69-71

Diptilomiopidae , Diptilomiopinae

195. Rhynacus acerioides Flechtmann, 2014 in Flechtmann et al. (2014: 74).

Type host. Solanum lorentzii Bitter (Solanaceae) , presently referred to as Solanum aloysiifolium Dunal (Solanaceae) (Tropicos 2020).

Type locality. Jujuy, Argentina (24 o 22’51”S, 65 o 08’22”W) .

Host plant and locality reports in Brazil. On Capsicum chinense Jacquin (Solanaceae) , Piracicaba (22°42’30”S, 47º38’00”W) ( Flechtmann & Figueiredo 2020), São Paulo.

Relation to host plants. Vagrant on lower surface of the leaves ( Flechtmann et al. 2014).

Remarks. On C. chinense mites reached high populations. Flechtmann & Figueiredo (2020) observed that under a density of 100 specimens /cm 2 all leaves dried and dropped. After pruning, shoots have been immediately attacked and plants died.

Type host plant status. Exotic weed in tobacco cultures ( Flechtmann et al. 2014, Tropicos 2020).

Additional host plant status in Brazil. Naturalized shrub, occurring in all regions, mainly in Amazônia biome ( Flora do Brasil 2020).

196 Rhynacus kraussi Keifer, 1962a: 1 .

Type host. Lantana camara L. ( Verbenaceae ).

Type locality. Cali , Colombia .

Report in Brazil. On Lantana sp. (Verbenaceae) : Piracicaba (in this paper, specimens deposited at the mite collection in ESALQ, USP), São Paulo.

Relationship to host plants. Vagrants on leaves ( Keifer, 1962a).

Remarks. On Lantana sp. no symptom was observed.

Type host plant status. Naturalized shrub, widely distributed in anthropic and natural areas in all biomes and regions ( Flora do Brasil 2020). In the country it is used mainly as an ornamental and is widely cultivated in gardens ( Lorenzi & Souza 2001).

Additional host plant status. Lantana sp. — native herb, subshrub or shrub, not endemic, widely distributed in all biomes and regions ( Flora do Brasil 2020).

197 * Rhynacus lippius Duarte, Chetverikov & Navia, 2016: 1227 in Duarte et al. (2016: 1227).

Type host. Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown (Verbenaceae) .

Type locality. Maribondo (09°34’38’’S, 36°18’10’’W), Alagoas, Brazil .

Additional host plants and localities in Brazil. On L. alba (Verbenaceae) : Maceió (09°32’42’’S, 35°43’31’’W) ( Duarte et al. 2016), Alagoas; Brasília (15°41’18’’S, 47° 49’39’’W) ( Duarte et al. 2016), Distrito Federal; on Solanum jamaicense Mill. (Solanaceae) : “Embrapa Hortaliças” Gama (15º55’55”S, 48º08’24”W) ( Duarte et al. 2020), Distrito Federal; on Solanum lycocarpum St. Hil. (Solanaceae) : “Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia”, Brasília (15º43’50”S, 47º54’03”W), “Ermida Dom Bosco”, Brasília (15º47’50”S, 47º48’33”W), “Embrapa Hortaliças”, Gama (15º55’55”S, 48°08’24”W), Planaltina (15º34’40”S, 47º43’53”W), Sobradinho (15°43’50”S, 47°54’03”W) ( Duarte et al. 2020), Distrito Federal; Goiânia (16º34’18”S, 49º17’30”W), Goiás; on Solanum paniculatum L. ( Solanaceae ): Goiânia (16º34’18”S, 49º17’30”W), Goiás; on Solanum subinerme Jacq. (Solanaceae) : “Embrapa Hortaliças”, Gama (15º55’55”S, 48º08’24”W) ( Duarte et al. 2020), Distrito Federal; on Solanum torvum L. ( Solanaceae ): “Embrapa Hortaliças”, Gama (15º54’04”S, 47º45’40”W) ( Duarte et al. 2020), Distrito Federal.

Relationship to host plants. Vagrants on the lower leaf surface. Presumably associated with chlorotic spots ( Duarte et al. 2016). In the additional solanaceous plants, no symptom was observed.

Remarks. It is noteworthy to observe reports of this species, described from bushy lipia ( L. alba ) ( Verbenaceae ), infesting a number of solanaceaous plants in the Solanum genus ( S. lycocarpum , S. subinerme , S. torvum , S. jamaicense ). This enlarged range of host plants in the families Verbenaceae and Solanaceae is similar to that observed for Calacarus speciosissimum , which was also described from, Solanum and Capsicum ( Duarte et al. 2020) . Further biological and molecular studies should be conduct to better understand these relationships.

Type host plant status. Native herb, shrub or subshrub, not endemic, widely distributed in all biomes and regions ( Flora do Brasil 2020). It has high pharmacological importance and is used in folk medicine ( Aguiar 2008).

Additional host plant status. S. jamaicense —native shrub, not endemic, occurring in Amazônia, Caatinga, Cerrado and Mata Atlântica biomes; S. lycocarpum —native shrub or tree, not endemic, occurring in Cerrado and Mata Atlântica biomes; S. paniculatum — native shrub, not endemic, occurring in Amazônia, Caatinga, Cerrado, Mata Atlântica and Pampa biomes; S. subinerme — native shrub, not endemic, occurring in Amazônia and Cerrado biomes; S. torvum — native shrub, not endemic, occurring in Mata Atlântica biome ( Flora do Brasil 2020).

198 * Rhynacus symflori Toldi, de Lillo & Ferla, 2019: 987 .

Type host. Symplocos uniflora (Pohl) Benth. (Symplocaceae) .

Type locality. Pantano Grande (30°19’15.00”S, 52°28’50.00”W), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil .

Relationship to host plant. Vagrants, no apparent symptoms were observed ( Toldi et al. 2019).

Remark. Only known from the type host/locality.

Type host plants status. Native shrub or tree, not endemic, occurring in Cerrado, Mata Atlântica and Pampa biomes, in the Southeast and South Regions ( Romão et al. 2020).