Celtisaspis japonica (Miyatake, 1968)

Cho, Geonho, Burckhardt, Daniel & Lee, Seunghwan, 2022, Check list of jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of the Korean Peninsula, Zootaxa 5177 (1), pp. 1-91 : 29

Celtisaspis japonica (Miyatake, 1968)

( Figs. 42–45 )

Arytaina cornicola Frauenfeld, 1869: 936 , syn. nov., nomen oblitum.

Celtisaspis cornicola ; Burckhardt (1989: 416).

Pachypsylla japonica Miyatake, 1968b: 5 , nomen protectum.

Celtisaspis japonica ; Yang & Li (1982b: 183).

Celtisaspis guizhouana Yang & Li, 1982b: 187 , syn. nov.

Celtisaspis sinica Yang & Li, 1982b: 184 , syn. nov.

Celtisaspis zhejiangana Yang & Li, 1982b: 188 , syn. nov.

Material examined. Celtisaspis japonica : China: 6 ♂, 8 ♀, Shanghai, 06.vi.1936 (N.N. Filippov), ( ZIN, dry and slide mounted) . Japan: 2 ♂, 2 ♀, 2 lerps, Osaka Pr., Hatsutani Nose , 13.vi.1968, Celtis sinensis var. japonica (Y. Miyatake) , ( ZIN, dry mounted) ; 5 ♂, 3 ♀, Kyushu, Kumamoto Pref., Tamana City, Ôkura , Kikuchi River , 05.vi.2014, Celtis sinensis (H. Inoue) , ( SNU, dry mounted, 95% ethanol) . South Korea: 4 ♂, 3 ♀, 3 immatures, JJ, Jeju-si , 17.x.1977 (K.R. Choe), ( NAAS, dry mounted) ; 10 ♂, 6 ♀, CN, Cheonan-si , 10.vi.1978 (K.R. Choe), ( NAAS, dry mounted) ; 1 immature, 1 lerp, GG, Suwon-si, Gwonseon-gu, Seodun-dong , SNU arboretum, 30.v.2014, Celtis sinensis (G. Cho) , ( SNU, in 95% ethanol) ; 2 immatures, Incheon-si, Nam-gu, Sungui-dong 8-7, Subong Park , 09.x.2014, C. sinensis (G. Cho) , ( SNU, in 95% ethanol) ; 19 ♂, 3 ♀, 3 immatures, 3 lerps, GG, Ansan-si, Sangrokgu, Sa-dong 1031-8, 11.x.2014, C. sinensis (G. Cho) , ( KNA, SNU, dry and slide mounted, in 95% ethanol) ; 41 ♂, 10 ♀, 30 immatures, 2 lerps, GG, Gunpo-si, Sokdal-dong, Mt. Suri , 31.v.2015, C. sinensis (G. Cho) , ( NHMB, SNU, dry and slide mounted, in 95% ethanol) ; 1 ♀, GG, Yangpyeong-gun, Okcheon-myeon, Yongcheon-ri , Sana-sa Valley , N37°31'59.22" E127°30'13.65", 200 m, 04.vi.2017, C. sinensis (G. Cho) , ( SNU, in 95% ethanol) ; 1 ♀, JJ, Seogwipo-si, Andeok-myeon, Hwasunseodong-ro , Andeok Valley , 07.xii.2017 (E. Lim) ( SNU, in 95% ethanol) .

Celtisaspis usubai : Japan: 3 ♂, 3 ♀, Kyushu, Kagoshima Pref., Akune City, Nishime , 13.vi.2012, C. sinensis (T. Tsukada) , ( SNU, dry mounted) ; 2 ♂, 2 ♀, Kyushu, Kagoshima Pref., Akune City , Nagasako, 12.vi.2014, C. sinensis (H. Inoue) , ( SNU, in 95% ethanol) .

Distribution in Korea. CN, GB, GG, GN, GW, JB, JJ ( Kim 1965, as Psyllidae sp.; Miyatake 1977, as Pachypsylla japonica ; Lee & Kwon 1981, as P. japonica ; Kwon 1983, as P. japonica ; Kwon & Kwon 2020) (KNA, NAAS, NHMB, SNU).

Host plant. Celtis sinensis Pers. (Cannabaceae) ( Kwon 1983).

Comments. Yang & Li (1982b) erected Celtisaspis for five new Chinese species ( Celtisaspis sinica , C. guizhouana , C. zhejiangana , C. beijingana and C. liaoningana ) and two Japanese species, C. japonica (Miyatake, 1968) and C. usubai ( Miyatake, 1980) , previously assigned to Pachypsylla . Li (2011) synonymised C. beijingana and C. liaoningana . According to Yang & Li’s (1982b) and Li’s (2011) descriptions, keys to species and illustrations, Celtisaspis sinica , C. guizhouana and C. zhejiangana differ in the length of veins M 1+2 and Cu 1a, the shape of cell cu 1, as well as in the pattern of the forewing. We examined many specimens from several provinces in Korea as well as from Japan and China, and conclude that these differences reflect intraspecific variation including also C. japonica . There are no significant differences in the male and female terminalia. Similarly, C. beijingana and its synonym C. liaoningana do not differ significantly from C. usubai . We therefore propose the following synonymies: Celtisaspis japonica (Miyatake, 1968) = Celtisaspis guizhouana Yang & Li, 1982 , syn. nov. = Celtisaspis sinica Yang & Li, 1982 , syn. nov. = Celtisaspis zhejiangana Yang & Li, 1982 , syn. nov.; Celtisaspis usubai ( Miyatake, 1980) = Celtisaspis beijingana Yang & Li, 1982 , syn. nov.

Celtisaspis japonica and C. usubai differ from each other morphologically and in the galls they induce, hornshaped and pouch-shaped, respectively ( Miyatake 1980). Celtisaspis cornicola ( Frauenfeld, 1869) , described from Shanghai ( China), induces the same characteristic horn-shaped galls on the leaves of Celtis sinensis ( Frauenfeld 1869, misidentified as Rhamnus sp. ; Burckhardt 1989, as Celtis sp. ) as Celtisaspis japonica and constitutes, therefore, a senior subjective synonym of the latter: Arytaina cornicola Frauenfeld, 1869 = Pachypsylla japonica Miyatake, 1968 , syn. nov. In accordance with article 23.9.1 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1999, 2012; thereafter ICZN 1999/2012), the precedence can be reversed if a senior synonym, i.e. Celtisaspis cornicola , has not been used as a valid name after 1899 (23.9.1.1.), and if a junior synonym, i.e. Celtisaspis japonica , has been used for a particular taxon, as its presumed valid name, in at least 25 works, published by at least 10 authors in the immediately preceding 50 years and encompassing a span of not less than 10 years (23.9.1.2.) ( Yang & Li 1982b; Hodkinson 1986; Miyatake 1988; Usuba 1989; Takagi & Miyatake 1993; Miyatake 1994; Usuba 1995; Kwon et al. 1996a; Kwon et al. 1996c; Miyatake 1996; Park 1996; Yukawa & Masuda 1996; Kwon & Huh 1998; Miyatake 2000; Inoue 2006; Miyatake 2006; Shin et al. 2007; Yang & Raman 2007; Kang et al. 2008; Miyatake 2008a, 2008b; Hodkinson 2009; Paek et al. 2010; Hayashi et al. 2011a, 2011b; Miyatake 2011; Hayashi & Miyatake 2012; Tanaka 2012; Lim et al. 2013; Sharma et al. 2013; Hayashi 2014; Lee et al. 2014; Moon & Lee 2014; Inoue 2015; Lim & Ji 2015; Kwon et al. 2016; Miyatake 2016a, 2016b; Inoue et al. 2017; Ito 2017; Miyatake 2017a, 2017b; Ushijima 2017; Ushijima & Miyatake 2017a, 2017b; Tsukada 2018; Cho et al. 2019b; Miyatake 2019; Kwon & Kwon 2020). We suggest to treat Celtisaspis japonica as nomen protectum and Celtisaspis cornicola as nomen oblitum.

Figures

FIGURES 38‒45. Habitus. 38. Homotoma unifasciata, adult female. 39. Homotoma unifasciata, fifth instar immature. 40. Moriphila furva, adult male. 41. Moriphila furva, adult female. 42. Celtisaspis japonica, adult male. 43. Celtisaspis japonica, fifth instar immature. 44. Conical gall of Celtisaspis japonica. 45. Lerp of Celtisaspis japonica. (Photos 38–39 from Cho et al. (2017a), 40 from Burckhardt et al. (2018))