Dyspersa Klimaszewski, 1968

Cho, Geonho, Burckhardt, Daniel & Lee, Seunghwan, 2022, Check list of jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of the Korean Peninsula, Zootaxa 5177 (1), pp. 1-91 : 67

Dyspersa Klimaszewski, 1968 , sensu novo

Diagnosis.Adult. Head as wide as thorax or slightly narrower; in profile, inclined at about 45° from longitudinal body axis. Integument of head and thorax mostly beset with microscopic setae. Vertex subrectangular or subtrapezoidal, with a fovea on either side of median suture which is fully developed; anteriorly slightly produced and curving down to genae; genal processes developed, conical, subacute apically, ranging from half to almost as long as vertex along mid line. Antenna 10-segmented, ranging in length from about as long as to twice as long as head width; with a subapical rhinarium on each of segments 4, 6, 8 and 9. Clypeus pear-shape, slightly flattened ventrally, indented anteriorly; rostrum short, only tip of distal segment visible in profile. Metacoxa lacking anterior lobe; bearing well-developed horn-shaped meracanthus. Metatibia 0.7–1.0 times as long as head width, slightly longer than metafemur; weakly swollen basally with several uneven spines; with 1+2 or 1+3 apical sclerotised spurs. Forewing 2.0–3.0 times as long as broad, indistinctly angled or narrowly rounded apically; vein R+M+Cu branching into its component veins at one point; vein Rs relatively straight, long; vein M branching proximal to line connecting apices of veins Rs and Cu 1a; membrane transparent or semitransparent; surface spinules present in all cells, leaving narrow spinule-free stripes along the veins. Hindwing about three quarter forewing length; veins R and M with short common petiole; marginal setae distal to costal break grouped. Lateral setae on abdominal tergites restricted to the first visible segment. Male proctiger straight or slightly produced posteriorly.— Fifth instar immature. Body oval, flat, 1.5–2.0 times as long as wide. Body fringed with a single row of sectasetae, dorsum with or without sectasetae. Antenna 6–7-segmented. Tarsal arolium semicircular to oval, lacking pedicel. Forewing pads with humeral lobe. Anus ventral; outer circumanal ring transversely oval, consisting of a single row of pores.

Comments. In the «best ML tree» of Percy et al. (2018: Figure S2 ), Trioza anthrisci Burckhardt, 1986 , T. munda Foerster, 1848 and T. schrankii Flor, 1861 form a strongly supported clade that is distantly related to and not congeneric with the clade comprising Trioza urticae ( Linnaeus, 1758) , the type species of Trioza Foerster, 1848 . Trioza anthrisci , on the other hand, is closely related to and congeneric with T. apicalis Foerster, 1848 , the type species of Dyspersa , and Trioza abdominalis Flor, 1861 is closely related to and congeneric with T. munda . Attempting to make genera monophyletic, we redefine here Dyspersa to include species of the T. apicalis complex associated with Apiaceae (Burckhardt 1986; Conci & Tamanini 1991) and species referred to the T. chrysanthemi or viridula group ( Schaefer 1949; Klimaszewski 1967) as well as some other species associated mostly with Asteraceae . This concept differs radically from the original one by Klimaszewski (1968c) adopted by Kwon & Kwon (2020). Several of the species treated by Kwon & Kwon (2020) under Dyspersa are moved here to the, admittedly, artificial Trioza Foerster, 1848 : Trioza camphorae Sasaki, 1910 , comb. rev.; T. cinnamomi Boselli, 1930 , comb. rev.; T. jejuensis ( Kwon & Kwon, 2020) , comb. nov.; T. machilicola Miyatake, 1968 , comb. rev.; T. quercicola Shinji, 1944 , comb. rev.; T. usubai Matsumoto, 1996 , comb. rev. The narrower concept adopted here is more in line with Burckhardt et al. (2021) but more inclusive than that of Conci et al. (1996) who included only the species of the T. apicalis complex of Burckhardt (1986). Kwon & Kwon (2020) synonymised Metatriozidus Li, 2011 with Dyspersa . Here we follow Burckhardt et al. (2021) and regard the former as synonym of Trioza .

Following new combinations are proposed: D. abdominalis (Flor, 1861) , comb. nov.; D. achilleae ( Wagner, 1955) , comb. nov.; D. agrophila ( Löw, 1888) , comb. nov.; D. carpathica ( Dobreanu & Manolache, 1959) , comb. nov.; D. chrysanthemi ( Löw, 1878) , comb. nov.; D. cirsii ( Löw, 1881) , comb. nov.; D. flixiana ( Burckhardt & Lauterer, 2002) , comb. nov.; D. kantshavelii ( Gegechkori, 1977) , comb. nov.; D. liberta ( Loginova, 1968) , comb. nov.; D. mica ( Loginova, 1972) , comb. nov.; D. munda ( Foerster, 1848) , comb. nov.; D. schrankii (Flor, 1861) , comb. nov.; D. senecionis ( Scopoli, 1763) , comb. nov.; D. stugma ( Tuthill, 1939) (= Trioza stygma Tuthill, 1943 , unjustified emendation), comb. nov.; D. viridula ( Zetterstedt, 1828) , comb. nov.; all from Trioza . Following revived combinations are proposed: Dyspersa laserpitii ( Burckhardt & Lauterer, 1982) , comb. rev.; D. lautereriella (Burckhardt, 1986) , comb. rev.; D. mesembrina (Burckhardt, 1986) , comb. rev.; D. pallida ( Haupt, 1935) (= Trioza anthrisci Burckhardt, 1986 = replacement name for Trioza pallida Haupt = secondary homonym of Trioza pallida ( Uichanco, 1919) , described in Megatrioza ), comb. rev.; all from Trioza . For synonymies see Ouvrard (2020).

Figures

FIGURES 2‒5. Forest habitat types in South Korea. 2. Montane conifer forest and cold temperate forest in the north. 3. Cool and cold temperate forest in the East. 4. Mixed forest (conifer and broad leaved) in the west. 5. Evergreen and warm temperate forest in the south. (Photos by Hun Chul Choo).