Derancistrachroma melanoleuca Lingafelter

Lingafelter, Steven W., 2015, The Prioninae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of Hispaniola, with Diagnoses, Descriptions of New Species, Distribution Records, and a Key for Identification, The Coleopterists Bulletin 69 (3), pp. 353-388 : 375-386

28. Derancistrachroma melanoleuca Lingafelter , new species ( Figs. 7a–c , 8a–f , 9a–e , 17b )

Discussion. This species is known only from one specimen collected in the arid forest near Oviedo in southwestern Dominican Republic. The specimen was purchased online, and the specimen data included only locality and date, so the collector or any other biological information is unknown. The suite of unique characters, as

d) Antennomeres 6–11, dorsolateral view, e) Antennomeres 1–5, dorsolateral view.

described here, are unlike any other taxon from the West Indies.

Description, Female (Holotype). Size 23.0 mm long; 9.0 mm wide between elytral humeri; integument black, micropuncticulate. Head with pronounced, coarsely punctate, densely ivory white pubescent sulcus extending from vertex between upper eye lobes and broadening between antennal tubercles, becoming shallow on frons. Gena strongly produced, puncticulate, sparsely pubescent. Mandibles moderately bidentate, with moderate preapical tooth. Eye large, height nearly extending to extreme dorsal and ventral margin of head in lateral view; with deep notch nearly half width of upper eye lobe behind antennal tubercle; finely faceted. Antennae extending just beyond basal third of elytra, densely puncticulate with sparse, minute punctures, glabrous. All antennomeres elongate, not triangular, strongly produced apicolaterally on antennomeres 5–10; antennomere 11 ovoid and more flattened than 10. Antennomere 3 subequal in length to scape; antennomeres 3–10 successively decreasing in length; 11 nearly 1.5 times length of 10. Poriferous

b) Solenoptera helbi , female paratype (photograph by Matthias Helb).

sensory areas as follows: small, dorsal, apicolateral patch on 3; several contiguous patches occupying much of dorsolateral margins on 4–7; contiguous patches occupying half of dorsal surface on lateral side on 8; contiguous patches covering entire dorsal surface on 9–11.

Pronotum 9.0 mm wide between posterolateral spines; 5.3 mm long (1.7 times wider than long); densely covered (except for 2 oval prominences on either side of a median sulcus) in suberect, ivory white pubescence forming apically contiguous tufts of 20–40 setae. Tuft bases nearly contiguous but exposing black, puncticulate integument. Setae more appressed along posterior margin of pronotum, concealing integument. Pronotal disk with 2 heavily pockmarked, oval, glabrous, puncticulate prominences, 1 on each side of median sulcus. Anterolateral margin of pronotum rounded; lateral margin with 5–6 denticles or small spines; posteromedially with large, recurved spine extending to plane of elytral margin; pronotal base constricted behind spine to base of elytral humerus. Prosternal process extending beyond anterior margin of mesocoxae, weakly notched at middle, rounded in lateral view, articulating dorsally into space between procoxae and mesosternum; rugulose near procoxae. Prosternum with acute, strong, ventrally projecting tubercle at base; covered in dense, appressed, ivory white pubescence except for apex of basal tubercle and apex of prosternal process.

Elytra 16.5 mm long; 4.5 mm wide (3.7 times longer than wide); glabrous; puncticulate throughout, with sparse, widely spaced punctures each bearing a single short seta, only visible with high magnification. Elytra sinuate basally; apically slightly divergent, tapering. Elytral apex slightly rounded, irregularly dentiform between subspinose apicolateral margin and suture. Scutellum about as long as wide, rounded posteriorly; sparsely puncticulate; very sparsely pubescent with appressed, ivory white setae. Legs moderate in length, metafemur extending nearly to apex of elytra; metatibia subequal in length to metafemur. Femur very weakly, gradually thickened apicomedially, matte, puncticulate, glabrous. Protibia without denticles; mesotibia with 1 ventral denticle on mesal and lateral margins; metatibia with 3 ventral denticles on mesal and lateral margins. Tibia with 2 apicoventral tibial spurs and weak, short, apicodorsal extension over base of 1 st tarsomere; with scattered, stiff, apicoventral setae. Venter with dense, ivory white pubescence throughout except for basal tubercle and apex of prosternum, posterior third of prosternal margin underneath and behind posterolateral spine, mesosternal process, middle of metasternum, all of mesepimeron, and middle of abdominal ventrites which are shiny and sparsely punctate. Last ventrite elongate, about 1.75 times length of penultimate, slightly narrowed apically; truncate, without notch or indentation at middle.

Etymology. The epithet melanoleuca is derived from the ancient Greek “melano” meaning black, and “leukos” meaning white and refers to the combination of black integument and white pubescence.

Type Data. Holotype (female): DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Pedernales Province (10 km N of Oviedo [estimated coordinates: 17°51′N, 71°28′W], 13 May 2013 (no collector information) [ NWPC]).

KEY TO THE PRIONINAE OF HISPANIOLA

This key includes all species known from Hispaniola and also includes three species ( Orthomegas cinnamomeus , Derancistrus anthracinus , and Elateropsis lineatus ) reported in the literature for the island, but for which no specimens could be found to confirm their presence. One species ( Elateropsis sericeiventris ) is included twice in the key due to variability in pubescence and coloration.

1. Elytra with contrasting black and pale yellow, longitudinal vittae ( Figs. 2f, g , 4e, f ) .......... 2

1′. Elytra without pale yellow, longitudinal vittae ......................................................................... 4

2. Elytra with dense, deep punctures ( Figs. 2g , 4e, f )...........................................................3

2′. Elytra with very sparse, shallow punctures, only visible under high magnification ( Fig. 2f ) ....................................... Derancistrus elegans (Palisot de Beauvois)

3. Prosternal intercoxal process strongly bilobed at apex (as in Fig. 6b, e ) ........................... ............. Derancistrus hovorei Lingafelter and Woodley

3′. Prosternal intercoxal process not distinctly bilobed at apex (as in Fig. 8b ) .................... ...................... Solenoptera vittata (Olivier)

4. Elytra completely black with a matte, nonshiny surface ( Fig. 7a ), virtually impunctate; pronotum densely covered in tufts of ivory white setae ( Fig. 8a ) .................................... ................ Derancistrachroma melanoleuca Lingafelter

4′. Elytra color and punctation variable with at least partially shiny surface; pronotum lacking dense tufts of ivory-white pubescence......... 5

5. Prosternal process truncate, spatulate, or lingulate, usually with apex rounded or posteriorly projecting at middle ( Fig. 10e )........ 6

5′. Prosternal process weakly or strongly bilobed, indented at middle of apex; often with anterior process of mesosternum articulating between lobes ( Figs. 5b, e , 6b, e , 10a–d )................. 14

6. Scutellum convex, strongly coarsely granulatedenticulate; elytral surface, especially at base, covered with many small granules and lacking distinct punctures ( Fig. 1d )..... ....... Strongylaspis corticarius (Erichson)

6′. Scutellum flat, not granulate; elytral surface without granules; usually distinctly punctate .................................................................... 7

7. Pronotum with distinct, pronounced anterolateral and posterolateral spines, with smaller, shorter lateral spine between; elytra alutaceous, impunctate or indistinctly punctate ( Fig. 2c, d ); males with very strongly serrate antennae ( Fig. 2c ) ...................................... ........................... Prionus (Trichoprionus) aureopilosus Fragoso and Monné

7′. Pronotum with spines of different number, form or combined with denticles and crenulae; antennae either unmodified or biflabellate in males ...................................................8

8. Elytral disk glabrous or with only few, sparse setae ( Figs. 1g –i , 2a )......................9

8′. Elytral disk densely pubescent (as in Fig. 1a, b ) ....................................................................... 11

9. Pronotum pubescent with long, sharp lateral spine; elytral disk with dense, deep punctures throughout; elytra sparsely pubescent, mostly concentrated on margins ( Fig. 2a )................. ......................... Monodesmus atratus Fisher

9′. Pronotum glabrous, without long, sharp lateral spine; elytral disk without punctures or with sparse punctation visible under high

magnification); elytra glabrous ( Fig. 1g –i ) ............................................................ 10

10. Mandibles greatly thickened for most of length and abruptly narrowed at apex in lateral view; mandibles densely pubescent on mesal margins; head with large, deep, nearly contiguous punctures ( Fig. 10f ).................. ......................... Hovorodon bituberculatum (Palisot de Beauvois)

10′. Mandibles only slightly thickened at base and gradually tapering toward apex in lateral view; mandibles sparsely pubescent on mesal margins; head with mostly small, shallow, non-contiguous punctures ( Fig. 10g ) ..................... Stenodontes exsertus (Olivier)

11. Eyes very large with upper lobes nearly touching on vertex and lower lobes nearly touching on gula; pronotum with 2 long, recurved spines on each side (1 anterolateral, 1 posteromedial); males with distinctly biflabellate antennae ( Fig. 2b )........ ....... Sarifer seabrai Fragoso and Monné

11′. Eyes smaller with upper lobes and lower lobes more widely separated; pronotum without very long spines; antennae unmodified in both sexes (as in Fig. 1e, f )........12

12. Frons, frontoclypeal margin, and base of mandibles with dense, long, golden orange pubescence; 3 rd antennomere sulcate dorsally over most of its length (not confirmed for Hispaniola) ( Fig. 1c ) ............................. ................. Orthomegas cinnamomeus (L.)

12′. Frons, frontoclypeal margin, and base of mandibles with sparse, short, pubescence; 3 rd antennomere lacking dorsal sulcus....13

13. Third antennomere much shorter than scape; scutellum sparsely pubescent; each elytron with at least 2 narrow, slightly elevated, longitudinal costae ( Fig. 1e, f ).................... ................. Xixuthrus domingoensis Fisher

13′. Third antennomere much longer than scape; scutellum densely pubescent; elytral costae not visible ( Fig. 1a, b ) ................................. ................... Callipogon sericeum (Olivier)

14. Scutellum densely pubescent ( Fig. 4c, d, i ) ..............................................................15

14′. Scutellum glabrous or very sparsely pubescent (as in Fig. 3h, i )............................................ 16

15. Elytra with short, moderately dense setae over most of surface ( Fig. 4i ); pronotum with small patches of dense, white pubescence on sides of median sulcus; metasternum mostly

covered in dense pubescence ( Fig. 10d ).... .......... Solenoptera tomentosa Lingafelter

15′. Elytra glabrous ( Fig. 4c, d ); pronotum without patches of dense pubescence; metasternum mostly glabrous, with narrow, oblique fascia of white pubescence ( Fig. 10c ).................. ............... Solenoptera scutellata (Gahan)

16. Integument boldly bicolored with head, pronotum, and sometimes base of elytra black and strongly contrasting with remainder of elytral color which is orange to ferruginous (as in Fig. 3h, i ) ........................................... 17

16′. Integument of head and pronotum the same color as, or only gradually darker than, elytra ..................................................................... 20

17. Scutellum broader than long, evenly rounded apically; prosternal process bare and shiny; pronotum with a deep, pronounced sulcus from middle to anterior margin ( Fig. 3h, i ) ......... Solenoptera dominicensis (Gahan)

17′. Scutellum longer than wide, triangular, acute apically (as in Fig. 3c–g ); prosternal process distinctly pubescent ( Fig. 10d ); pronotum with very shallow anteromedial impression (as in Fig. 3c–g ) ..................18

18. Pronotum without dense patches of short, white pubescence, with only fine, erect hairs, especially laterally; legs, antennae, and elytra pale orange ( Fig. 3f )...................................... ................ Elateropsis dichroma Lingafelter

18′. Pronotum with dense patches of white pubescence laterally and sometimes adjacent to scutellum (as in Fig. 3d, e ).......19

19. Pronotum with dense patch of white pubescence adjacent to base of scutellum; legs

and antennae black to piceous ( Fig. 3e ) ....

Figures

Fig. 7. Derancistrachroma melanoleuca, female holotype. a) Dorsal habitus, b) Ventral habitus, c) Lateral habitus.

Fig. 8. Derancistrachroma melanoleuca, female holotype. a) Pronotum and head, dorsal view, b) Prosternum, mesosternum, and head, ventral view, c) Head, anterior view, d) Head, lateral view, e) Lateral pronotal margin, f) Prothorax and prosternum, lateral view.

Fig. 9. Derancistrachroma melanoleuca, female holotype. a) Scutellum, b) Elytral apex, c) Elytral integument,

Fig. 17. Distribution maps of Hispaniolan Prioninae. a) Solenoptera vittata and Solenoptera furfurosa, b) Solenoptera helbi, Solenoptera tomentosa, and Derancistrachroma melanoleuca.

Fig. 2. Dorsal habitus of Hispaniolan Prioninae. a) Monodesmus atratus, male holotype, b) Sarifer seabrai, male, c) Prionus aureopilosus, male, d) P. aureopilosus, female, e) Derancistrus anthracinus, female, f) Derancistrus elegans, female, g) Derancistrus hovorei, female holotype, h) Elateropsis antennatus, female, i) Elateropsis femoratus, male variant.

Fig. 4. Dorsal habitus of Hispaniolan Solenoptera species. a) S. furfurosa, male, b) S. furfurosa, female holotype, c) S. scutellata, male, d) S. scutellata, female, e) S. vittata, male, f) S. vittata, female, g) S. helbi, female holotype, h) S. rugosa, female holotype, i) S. tomentosa, male paratype.

Fig. 6. Solenoptera species, female holotypes. S. helbi: a) Dorsal view, b) Ventral view, c) Lateral view. S. rugosa:

Fig. 10. Hispaniolan Prioninae. a) Elateropsis dichroma, female holotype, ventral view, b) Elateropsis woodleyi, male holotype, ventral view, c) Solenoptera scutellata, male, ventral view, d) Solenoptera tomentosa, male paratype, ventral view, e) Hovorodon bituberculatum, female, prosternal process, f) H. bituberculatum, female mandible, lateral view, g) Stenodontes exsertus, female mandible, lateral view.

Fig. 5. Solenoptera furfurosa. Female holotype: a) Dorsal view, b) Ventral view, c) Lateral view. Male: d) Dorsal view, e) Ventral view, f) Lateral view.

Fig. 1. Dorsal habitus of Hispaniolan Prioninae. a) Callipogon sericeum, major male, b) C. sericeum, female, c) Orthomegas cinnamomeus, female, d) Strongylaspis corticarius, male, e) Xixuthrus domingoensis, male, f) X.domingoensis, female, g) Hovorodon bituberculatum, male, h) H. bituberculatum, female, i) Stenodontes exsertus, major male.

Fig. 3. Dorsal habitus of HispaniolanPrioninae.a) Elateropsis femoratus, male,b) Elateropsis lineatus, female, c) Elateropsis quinquenotatus, female, d) Elateropsis sericeiventris, male, e) Elateropsis trimarginatus, female, f) Elateropsis dichroma, female holotype, g) Elateropsis woodleyi, male holotype, h) Solenoptera dominicensis, male, i) S. dominicensis, female.